如何搭建 Elasticsearch-kibana 環境?

本文是做者 雲清 在 GitChat 上的分享java

前言

  1. Elasticsearch 和 Kibana 均基於 5.5.3 版本;
官方建議:在兩者版本選擇時, Elasticsearch 應該大於等於 Kibana 版本,不然在使用和升級過程當中會出問題,截至文章出稿,已經更新到 6.3.0 版本,本文以 5.5.3 版本爲例,對其餘版本安裝有一樣的參考做用。
  1. 服務器配置爲:阿里雲 ECS,1 核,2G 內存
  2. 系統版本爲:CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)

4.本教程重點在於「如何搭建 Elasticsearch - Kibana 環境」,對於兩者是什麼,能幹什麼,使用場景,這裏不作過多說明,讀者可自行查詢資料;Elasticsearch 如何使用,做者後期會出 Elasticsearch 從入門到實戰系列教程。node

5.搭建此環境的難點在於:過程當中會出現各類配置問題,須要修改,可是網上資料殘次不齊,或者不全,或者只給出了一行解決命令,可是沒有解釋爲何這麼修改,這個命令是幹什麼的,對於 Linux 基礎很差的讀者而言,盲目執行命令可能會對服務器有負面影響;本文不敢說全面,可是給出解決方案時,會詳細告知這個命令的做用和使用方法;linux

  1. 因爲系統環境不一樣,本文確定沒有周全的給出全部的問題解決方案,若是有新問題,樂於一塊兒探討解決。

本文共分爲如下幾個步驟:webpack

1. 檢查 JDK 版本

ES 使用 Java 編寫,安裝 ES 以前,須要先檢查 JDK 環境,通常要求在 1.7 以上,若是沒有安裝 JDK,建議直接安裝 1.8 版本。安裝過程參考:JDK 安裝git

[root@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z wang]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_172"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_172-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.172-b11, mixed mode)

2. 下載 Elasticsearch 安裝包,解壓

官方地址

我這裏安裝在 Linux 環境,下載 tar 包,下載完後解壓:web

tar -zxvf elasticsearch-5.5.3.tar.gz

3. 啓動 Elasticsearch

在 bin/ 目錄下,直接執行 ./elasticsearch 命令便可。docker

因爲 Elasticsearch 運行的環境需求,默認的系統環境通常都須要再作調整,啓動可能會報以下的一些錯誤。shell

3.1 解決內存分配問題

[root@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z elasticsearch-5.5.3]# ./bin/elasticsearch
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning:

INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000085330000, 2060255232, 0) failed; error='Cannot allocate memory' (errno=12)
#
# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.
# Native memory allocation (mmap) failed to map 2060255232 bytes for committing reserved memory.
# An error report file with more information is saved as:
# /usr/local/wang/elasticsearch-5.5.3/hs_err_pid15795.log

緣由:這是因爲 Elasticsearch 這個版本默認分配 JVM 空間大小爲 2g(不一樣版本默認值不同),而示例所用服務器爲 1 核 2G,因此會報出內存分配錯誤,咱們去配置文件修改 JVM 空間分配:express

// 文件目錄在:/elasticsearch-5.5.3/config
[root@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z config]#  vim jvm.options

json

-Xms2g  
-Xmx2g

改成

-Xms512m 
-Xmx512m

若是仍是報這個錯誤,那繼續減少這個數值,這個得看機器配置。

3.2 解決用戶權限問題

錯誤:

[2018-07-04T10:43:45,590][WARN ][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [] uncaught exception in thread [main]
org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:127) ~[elasticsearch-5.5.3.jar:5.5.3]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:114) ~[elasticsearch-5.5.3.jar:5.5.3]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:67) ~[elasticsearch-5.5.3.jar:5.5.3]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:122) ~[elasticsearch-5.5.3.jar:5.5.3]
    at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:88) ~[elasticsearch-5.5.3.jar:5.5.3]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91) ~[elasticsearch-5.5.3.jar:5.5.3]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84) ~[elasticsearch-5.5.3.jar:5.5.3]
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:106) ~[elasticsearch-5.5.3.jar:5.5.3]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:194) ~[elasticsearch-5.5.3.jar:5.5.3]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:351) ~[elasticsearch-5.5.3.jar:5.5.3]
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:123) ~[elasticsearch-5.5.3.jar:5.5.3]
    ... 6 more

//查看當前用戶
[root@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z elasticsearch-5.5.3]# whoami
root

緣由:因爲 Elasticsearch 能夠輸入且執行腳本,爲了系統安全,不容許使用 root 啓動;咱們看看有沒有可用的用戶。

[root@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z elasticsearch-5.5.3]# cat /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
systemd-network:x:192:192:systemd Network Management:/:/sbin/nologin
dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
polkitd:x:999:997:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin
postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
chrony:x:998:996::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
nscd:x:28:28:NSCD Daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
dockerroot:x:997:994:Docker User:/var/lib/docker:/sbin/nologin
//用戶名:密碼:用戶id:用戶所在組id:備註:用戶家目錄:shell命令所在目錄

若是發現用戶都是系統自帶的用戶,那咱們最好仍是本身新建一個用戶,我這裏新建一個用戶 wang,分組爲 wang,密碼爲 wang。

//添加分組wang
groupadd wang

//添加用戶wang,分組在wang,密碼wang
useradd  wang -g wang -p wang

//受權 /usr/local/wang/elasticsearch-5.5.3目錄下的文件擁有者爲 wang(用戶):wang(分組)
chown -R wang:wang /usr/local/wang/elasticsearch-5.5.3

//切換用戶
//使用su和sudo是有區別的,使用su切換用戶須要輸入所切換到的用戶的密碼,而使用sudo則是當前用戶的密碼。 
su wang

再次啓動。

記住:後面修改文件時有時須要切到 root 用戶,可是啓動時記得切回來,不要在 root 下啓動!

[wang@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z elasticsearch-5.5.3]$ ./bin/elasticsearch
[2018-07-04T11:25:22,745][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [] initializing ...
[2018-07-04T11:25:22,891][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment    ] [VKU0UAW] using [1] data paths, mounts [[/ (rootfs)]], net usable_space [32.9gb], net total_space [39.2gb], spins? [unknown], types [rootfs]
[2018-07-04T11:25:22,892][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment    ] [VKU0UAW] heap size [503.6mb], compressed ordinary object pointers [true]
[2018-07-04T11:25:22,894][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] node name [VKU0UAW] derived from node ID [VKU0UAWPT06PPv0aYHIuDw]; set [node.name] to override
[2018-07-04T11:25:22,894][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] version[5.5.3], pid[16641], build[9305a5e/2017-09-07T15:56:59.599Z], OS[Linux/3.10.0-693.2.2.el7.x86_64/amd64], JVM[Oracle Corporation/Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM/1.8.0_172/25.172-b11]
[2018-07-04T11:25:22,894][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] JVM arguments [-Xms512m, -Xmx512m, -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC, -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75, -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly, -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch, -Xss1m, -Djava.awt.headless=true, -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8, -Djna.nosys=true, -Djdk.io.permissionsUseCanonicalPath=true, -Dio.netty.noUnsafe=true, -Dio.netty.noKeySetOptimization=true, -Dio.netty.recycler.maxCapacityPerThread=0, -Dlog4j.shutdownHookEnabled=false, -Dlog4j2.disable.jmx=true, -Dlog4j.skipJansi=true, -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError, -Des.path.home=/usr/local/wang/elasticsearch-5.5.3]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,352][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [aggs-matrix-stats]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,353][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [ingest-common]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,353][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [lang-expression]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,353][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [lang-groovy]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,353][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [lang-mustache]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,353][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [lang-painless]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,353][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [parent-join]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,353][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [percolator]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,353][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [reindex]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,353][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [transport-netty3]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,353][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [transport-netty4]
[2018-07-04T11:25:25,354][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] no plugins loaded
[2018-07-04T11:25:28,878][INFO ][o.e.d.DiscoveryModule    ] [VKU0UAW] using discovery type [zen]
[2018-07-04T11:25:29,988][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] initialized
[2018-07-04T11:25:29,988][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [VKU0UAW] starting ...
[2018-07-04T11:25:30,358][INFO ][o.e.t.TransportService   ] [VKU0UAW] publish_address {127.0.0.1:9300}, bound_addresses {127.0.0.1:9300}
[2018-07-04T11:25:30,377][WARN ][o.e.b.BootstrapChecks    ] [VKU0UAW] max file descriptors [65535] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65536]
[2018-07-04T11:25:30,377][WARN ][o.e.b.BootstrapChecks    ] [VKU0UAW] max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]
[2018-07-04T11:25:33,470][INFO ][o.e.c.s.ClusterService   ] [VKU0UAW] new_master {VKU0UAW}{VKU0UAWPT06PPv0aYHIuDw}{gqVgexbbSx-6IWNhGSzvRw}{127.0.0.1}{127.0.0.1:9300}, reason: zen-disco-elected-as-master ([0] nodes joined)
[2018-07-04T11:25:33,589][INFO ][o.e.h.n.Netty4HttpServerTransport] [VKU0UAW] publish_address {127.0.0.1:9200}, bound_addresses {127.0.0.1:9200}
[2018-07-04T11:25:33,590][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [VKU0UAW] started
[2018-07-04T11:25:33,618][INFO ][o.e.g.GatewayService     ] [VKU0UAW] recovered [0] indices into cluster_state

啓動成功後,經過啓動信息,咱們能夠知道默認的端口在 9200,可是信息中有兩個 warn 級別的日誌,咱們先去瀏覽器訪問的試試。

http://xx.xx.xx.xx:9200

發現仍是沒法訪問。

3.3 沒法訪問

緣由:默認訪問地址是 localhost,咱們要外網訪問,須要去修改下配置文件,elasticsearch-5.5.3/config 下的 elasticsearch.yml。

vim elasticsearch.yml

將network.host放開,修改成0.0.0.0下,將http.port放開,以下:

# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
#
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
#
#network.host: 192.168.0.1
network.host: 0.0.0.0
#
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#
http.port: 9200
#
# For more information, consult the network module documentation.
#

再次嘗試啓動。

3.4 解決 ERROR: [2] bootstrap checks failed

[2018-07-04T16:00:28,070][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] initialized
[2018-07-04T16:00:28,070][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [VKU0UAW] starting ...
[2018-07-04T16:00:28,377][INFO ][o.e.t.TransportService   ] [VKU0UAW] publish_address {172.16.229.31:9300}, bound_addresses {0.0.0.0:9300}
[2018-07-04T16:00:28,401][INFO ][o.e.b.BootstrapChecks    ] [VKU0UAW] bound or publishing to a non-loopback or non-link-local address, enforcing bootstrap checks
ERROR: [2] bootstrap checks failed
[1]: max file descriptors [65535] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65536]
[2]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]
[2018-07-04T16:00:28,485][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [VKU0UAW] stopping ...
[2018-07-04T16:00:28,535][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [VKU0UAW] stopped
[2018-07-04T16:00:28,536][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [VKU0UAW] closing ...
[2018-07-04T16:00:28,550][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [VKU0UAW] closed

這裏實際上是兩個錯誤,就是前面的兩個 warn 信息。

3.4.1 解決 max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]

緣由:max_map_count 這個參數就是容許一個進程在 VMAs(虛擬內存區域)擁有最大數量,VMA 是一個連續的虛擬地址空間,當進程建立一個內存映像文件時 VMA 的地址空間就會增長,當達 到max_map_count 了就是返回 out of memory errors

出現這個問題,咱們須要切換到 root 用戶下。

// 修改下面的文件  裏面是一些內核參數
vi /etc/sysctl.conf 

//添加如下配置  
vm.max_map_count=655360

添加完後保存,而後執行:

sysctl -p
//-p   從指定的文件加載系統參數,如不指定即從/etc/sysctl.conf中加載
3.4.2 解決 max file descriptors [65535] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65536]

緣由:最大文件打開數量過小,出現此錯誤,切換到 root 用戶下,修改 limits.conf。

// 編輯此文件
[root@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z /]# vim etc/security/limits.conf

在文件後加上

* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536

5.5.3 版本,此文件有這幾個值,咱們只須要把這幾個值從 65535 改成 65536 便可。

# End of file
root soft nofile 65536
root hard nofile 65536
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536

切回原來用戶,再次重啓 ES,檢查 ES 是否啓動成功。

啓動成功後提示以下:

[wang@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z elasticsearch-5.5.3]$ ./bin/elasticsearch
[2018-07-04T16:28:45,250][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [] initializing ...
[2018-07-04T16:28:45,359][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment    ] [VKU0UAW] using [1] data paths, mounts [[/ (rootfs)]], net usable_space [32.9gb], net total_space [39.2gb], spins? [unknown], types [rootfs]
[2018-07-04T16:28:45,361][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment    ] [VKU0UAW] heap size [503.6mb], compressed ordinary object pointers [true]
[2018-07-04T16:28:45,362][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] node name [VKU0UAW] derived from node ID [VKU0UAWPT06PPv0aYHIuDw]; set [node.name] to override
[2018-07-04T16:28:45,362][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] version[5.5.3], pid[21467], build[9305a5e/2017-09-07T15:56:59.599Z], OS[Linux/3.10.0-693.2.2.el7.x86_64/amd64], JVM[Oracle Corporation/Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM/1.8.0_172/25.172-b11]
[2018-07-04T16:28:45,363][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] JVM arguments [-Xms512m, -Xmx512m, -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC, -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75, -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly, -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch, -Xss1m, -Djava.awt.headless=true, -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8, -Djna.nosys=true, -Djdk.io.permissionsUseCanonicalPath=true, -Dio.netty.noUnsafe=true, -Dio.netty.noKeySetOptimization=true, -Dio.netty.recycler.maxCapacityPerThread=0, -Dlog4j.shutdownHookEnabled=false, -Dlog4j2.disable.jmx=true, -Dlog4j.skipJansi=true, -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError, -Des.path.home=/usr/local/wang/elasticsearch-5.5.3]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,941][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [aggs-matrix-stats]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,941][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [ingest-common]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,941][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [lang-expression]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,941][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [lang-groovy]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,941][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [lang-mustache]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,941][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [lang-painless]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,941][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [parent-join]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,950][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [percolator]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,950][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [reindex]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,950][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [transport-netty3]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,950][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] loaded module [transport-netty4]
[2018-07-04T16:28:46,950][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService     ] [VKU0UAW] no plugins loaded
[2018-07-04T16:28:50,067][INFO ][o.e.d.DiscoveryModule    ] [VKU0UAW] using discovery type [zen]
[2018-07-04T16:28:51,171][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] initialized
[2018-07-04T16:28:51,172][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [VKU0UAW] starting ...
[2018-07-04T16:28:51,484][INFO ][o.e.t.TransportService   ] [VKU0UAW] publish_address {172.16.229.31:9300}, bound_addresses {0.0.0.0:9300}
[2018-07-04T16:28:51,513][INFO ][o.e.b.BootstrapChecks    ] [VKU0UAW] bound or publishing to a non-loopback or non-link-local address, enforcing bootstrap checks
[2018-07-04T16:28:54,650][INFO ][o.e.c.s.ClusterService   ] [VKU0UAW] new_master {VKU0UAW}{VKU0UAWPT06PPv0aYHIuDw}{1HxIYnvrQ9KkyLOzhVwe3Q}{172.16.229.31}{172.16.229.31:9300}, reason: zen-disco-elected-as-master ([0] nodes joined)
[2018-07-04T16:28:54,708][INFO ][o.e.h.n.Netty4HttpServerTransport] [VKU0UAW] publish_address {172.16.229.31:9200}, bound_addresses {0.0.0.0:9200}
[2018-07-04T16:28:54,708][INFO ][o.e.n.Node               ] [VKU0UAW] started
[2018-07-04T16:28:54,738][INFO ][o.e.g.GatewayService     ] [VKU0UAW] recovered [0] indices into cluster_state
[2018-07-04T16:38:43,328][INFO ][o.e.c.m.MetaDataCreateIndexService] [VKU0UAW] [.kibana] creating index, cause [api], templates [], shards [1]/[1], mappings [_default_, index-pattern, server, visualization, search, timelion-sheet, config, dashboard, url]

仔細檢查,日誌都是 info 級別,沒有問題,去頁面訪問 xx.xx.xx.xx:9200

頁面會出現以下信息:

{
    "name": "VKU0UAW",
    "cluster_name": "elasticsearch",
    "cluster_uuid": "TTJuSo16Tny1lUoFmnF-dA",
    "version": {
        "number": "5.5.3",
        "build_hash": "9305a5e",
        "build_date": "2017-09-07T15:56:59.599Z",
        "build_snapshot": false,
        "lucene_version": "6.6.0"
    },
    "tagline": "You Know, for Search"
}

至此,Elasticsearch 安裝完畢。

3.5 後臺啓動 Elasticsearch

下面這種方式是在前臺啓動,咱們關閉命令行或者退出,應用就會關閉。

[wang@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z elasticsearch-5.5.3]$ ./bin/elasticsearch

因此,咱們須要在後臺啓動,這樣當咱們退出時,應用仍在後臺運行。

[wang@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z elasticsearch-5.5.3]$ ./bin/elasticsearch -d

3.6 中止後臺服務

前臺啓動,直接 ctrl+c 退出便可,後臺啓動,中止時能夠直接殺掉進程。

[wang@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z bin]$ ./elasticsearch -d
[wang@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z bin]$ jps
3697 Elasticsearch
3771 Jps
[wang@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z bin]$ kill -9 3697

4. 下載 Kibana 安裝包,解壓

每個版本的 ES 都有一個對應的 Kibana 版本,咱們能夠去下面的地址查找最新的版本,建議和 ES 相同版本。

下載地址
//解壓:
tar -zxvf kibana-5.5.3-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

5. 啓動 Kibana

[wang@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z kibana-5.5.3-linux-x86_64]$ ./bin/kibana

Kibana 默認是在前臺啓動,能夠經過 ctrl+c 命令中止。

解壓時的文件夾下裝着全部 Kibana 相關的文件,咱們不用新建其餘文件,當咱們須要刪除時,直接刪除此文件夾便可。

啓動後消息以下:

[wang@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z kibana-5.5.3-linux-x86_64]$ ./bin/kibana
  log   [03:49:45.116] [info][status][plugin:kibana@5.5.3] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
  log   [03:49:45.188] [info][status][plugin:elasticsearch@5.5.3] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch
  log   [03:49:45.215] [error][admin][elasticsearch] Request error, retrying
HEAD http://localhost:9200/ => connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:9200
  log   [03:49:45.219] [info][status][plugin:console@5.5.3] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
  log   [03:49:45.224] [warning][admin][elasticsearch] Unable to revive connection: http://localhost:9200/
  log   [03:49:45.225] [warning][admin][elasticsearch] No living connections
  log   [03:49:45.228] [error][status][plugin:elasticsearch@5.5.3] Status changed from yellow to red - Unable to connect to Elasticsearch at http://localhost:9200.
  log   [03:49:45.251] [info][status][plugin:metrics@5.5.3] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
  log   [03:49:45.454] [info][status][plugin:timelion@5.5.3] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
  log   [03:49:45.459] [info][listening] Server running at http://localhost:5601
  log   [03:49:45.461] [error][status][ui settings] Status changed from uninitialized to red - Elasticsearch plugin is red
  log   [03:49:47.735] [warning][admin][elasticsearch] Unable to revive connection: http://localhost:9200/
  log   [03:49:47.735] [warning][admin][elasticsearch] No living connections
  log   [03:49:50.244] [warning][admin][elasticsearch] Unable to revive connection: http://localhost:9200/
  log   [03:49:50.245] [warning][admin][elasticsearch] No living connections
  log   [03:49:52.751] [warning][admin][elasticsearch] Unable to revive connection: http://localhost:9200/
  log   [03:49:52.751] [warning][admin][elasticsearch] No living connections
    ......

咱們能夠看到,他會默認去連接同一臺服務器上的 9200 端口提供的服務,若是沒有啓動 Elasticsearch 服務,他會一直嘗試去鏈接,咱們啓動下 Elasticsearch。

訪問 http://xx.xx.xx.xx:5601,而後發現訪問不了,咱們注意上面的日誌,有這麼一句:

log   [03:49:45.459] [info][listening] Server running at http://localhost:5601

5.1 Kibana 外網沒法訪問

在 config/kibana.yml 中,有以下配置,意思是默認是 localhost,外網是沒法訪問的,若是外網想訪問,那須要修改一下 server.host。

# Kibana is served by a back end server. This setting specifies the port to use.
#server.port: 5601

# Specifies the address to which the Kibana server will bind. IP addresses and host names are both valid values.
# The default is 'localhost', which usually means remote machines will not be able to connect.
# To allow connections from remote users, set this parameter to a non-loopback address.
#server.host: "localhost"

咱們放開端口,放開 server.host,並修改以下:

server.port: 5601
server.host: 0.0.0.0

意思是任何人均可以訪問,而後再次啓動,訪問http://xx.xx.xx.xx:5601,出現以下頁面,說明大功告成。

Kibana圖片

5.2 Kibana 後臺啓動

當使用前臺啓動時,若是咱們退出終端,服務就會中止,咱們可使用 nohup 命令來啓動。

[root@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z kibana-5.5.3-linux-x86_64]# nohup ./bin/kibana &

nohup 命令:若是你在運行一個進程,你但願在退出帳戶或者關閉終端時繼續運行相應的進程,就可使用 nohup(no hang up); 該命令格式爲:nohup command &

6. Kibana 目錄結構分析

咱們查看下 Kibana 的目錄:

[wang@izbp163wlhi02tcaxyuxb7z kibana-5.5.3-linux-x86_64]$ ls
bin  config  data  LICENSE.txt  node  node_modules  NOTICE.txt  optimize  package.json  plugins  README.txt  src  ui_framework  webpackShims
  • bin:二進制腳本,包括 Kibana 啓動 Kibana 服務和 Kibana-plugin 安裝插件
  • config:配置文件,包括 kibana.yml
  • data:Kibana 和其插件寫入磁盤的數據文件位置
  • optimize:編譯過的源碼。某些管理操做(如插件安裝)致使運行時從新編譯源碼
  • plugins:插件文件位置。每個插件都有一個單獨的二級目錄
拓展閱讀:《高可用 Elasticsearch 集羣 21 講》
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