出門忘帶電源線,快遞到了終於能夠繼續水文章了。好不容易得到一個面試機會,面試官很 Nice,惋惜的是當時處於懵逼狀態,錯過了大好的機會:css
面試官:巴拉巴拉吧……html
我:嗯,啊,這個,那(吱吱嗚嗚)……前端
面試官:你知道怎麼繪製三角形嘛?vue
我:主要是利用了 border
和 transparent
這兩個屬性。其他邊設置爲 transparent,而後將對應的方向設置爲須要的顏色便可,通常經常使用等邊,等腰啊來裝飾一下。git
面試官:那你知道不等邊三角形怎麼寫嗎?github
我:不就是那麼寫麼(陷入懵逼狀態),而後又迅速說用僞元素來模擬一下?面試
面試官:你分別設置下高度不就行了。app
我:……dom
效果展現:ide
經過圖形展現可以更明顯顯示出區別:
代碼:
<div class="square"></div>
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$square-size = 100px
.square
width $square-size
height $square-size
border 5px solid
border-color #893615 #E76B56 #A72310 #0C1F22
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效果圖:
增強一下效果:
$square-size = 100px
$border-size = 60px
.square
width $square-size
height $square-size
border $border-size solid
border-color #893615 #E76B56 #A72310 #0C1F22
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能夠清晰的看到每一個邊都是一個梯形。
打開控制檯便可:
能夠看到中間的空白即爲咱們設置的 100 * 100
,這是因爲咱們的盒模型(box-sizing)爲 content-box
致使的結果。
那咱們將其設置爲 border-box
,查看其結果:
由 border-box
可知,因爲兩邊 border
大小爲 60
,因此 60*2=120 > 100
,內部的 width 即爲 0。
在上方已經說明了,正方形的 size 被擠壓爲 0 時就會獲得三角形的效果。
那麼此處就在默認盒模型的狀況下建立一個三角形:
$square-size = 0
$border-size = 60px
.square
width $square-size
height $square-size
border $border-size solid
border-color #893615 #E76B56 #A72310 #0C1F22
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最後,生成三角形就水到渠成了(保留目標相反方向的顏色),舉幾個例子。
三角形開角向上:
$square-size = 0
$border-size = 60px
.triangle
width $square-size
height $square-size
border $border-size solid transparent
border-bottom-color #A72310
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三角形開角向右:
$square-size = 0
$border-size = 60px
.triangle
width $square-size
height $square-size
border $border-size solid transparent
border-left-color #0C1F22
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三角形開角向左上:
$square-size = 0
$border-size = 60px
.triangle
width $square-size
height $square-size
border $border-size solid transparent
border-left-color #0C1F22
border-top-color #893615
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每次還要想想怎麼寫三角形很麻煩,將其可視化,每次只須要點一點就建立一個三角形纔是極好的。
友情提示:
如下涉及 Vue 相關概念
<Layout-Layout :background-color="bgColor" class="generate-triangle" >
<aside class="settings">
<section class="settings_direction">
<h4 class="title">三角形方向</h4>
</section>
<section class="settings_type">
<h4 class="title">三角形類型</h4>
</section>
<section class="settings_color">
<h4 class="title">三角形顏色</h4>
</section>
</aside>
<main class="exhibition">
<section class="rendering">
<h4>效果圖</h4>
</section>
<section class="code">
<h4>代碼</h4>
</section>
</main>
</Layout-Layout>
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.generate-triangle
display flex
.title
margin 0
padding 0
.settings
flex-basis 30%
.exhibition
flex auto
background-color #cdd1d3 // 銀魚白
.settings
display flex
flex-direction column
padding-top 12px
.settings_direction,
.settings_type,
.settings_color
display flex
justify-content center
.settings_type,
.settings_color
flex-basis 20%
.settings_direction
flex auto
.exhibition
display flex
flex-direction column
padding-top 12px
.rendering,
.code
display flex
justify-content center
.code
flex-basis 35%
.rendering
flex auto
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效果圖:
在開始寫一個三角形時,須要肯定這個三角的朝向,如向上、向下、或向左上。這時候咱們就須要一個點擊的子組件來觸發效果了:
<div class="triangle-direction">
<section :class="direction.name === 'oblique' ? 'square-t45' : 'square'" v-for="(direction, index) in directions" :key="index" >
<div class="single" v-for="(item, index) in direction.single" :key="index" :class="{active: direction.name + index === active}" @click.stop="changeDirection(item, direction.name + index)" >
</div>
</section>
</div>
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export default {
name: "triangle-direction",
data: () => {
return {
active: "oblique0",
directions: [
{
name: "oblique",
single: ["top", "right", "bottom", "left"]
},
{
name: "positive",
single: ["top-left", "top-right", "bottom-right", "bottom-left"]
}
]
};
},
mounted() {
this.changeDirection("top", "oblique0");
},
methods: {
changeDirection(val, index) {
this.active = index;
this.$emit("getDirection", val);
}
}
};
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效果圖:
此處將三角形分爲三種:等邊三角形、等腰三角形、不等邊三角形。
類型選擇組件依賴於方向組件,須要驗證傳入的值,而且在不一樣的值會有不一樣的輸出結果。在上文解釋過,斜方向的三角形是由兩個 border
組成,因此這種類型的將不提供等邊的形式:
<div class="triangle-type">
<button class="type-button" v-for="(type, index) in triangleTypes" v-show="type.en !== 'equilateral' || equilateral" :key="index" :class="{active: index === active}" @click.stop="changeType(type.en, index)" >{{type.zh}}</button>
</div>
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export default {
name: "triangle-type",
data: () => {
return {
active: 0,
equilateral: false,
triangleTypes: [
{
en: "equilateral",
zh: "等邊"
},
{
en: "isosceles",
zh: "等腰"
},
{
en: "scalene",
zh: "不等邊"
}
]
};
},
props: {
type: {
type: String,
validator: function(val) {
return [
"top",
"right",
"left",
"bottom",
"top-left",
"top-right",
"bottom-left",
"bottom-right"
].includes(val);
}
}
},
watch: {
type: {
handler: function(val) {
const isPositive = ["top", "right", "left", "bottom"].includes(val);
this.equilateral = isPositive;
if (isPositive) {
this.changeType('equilateral', 0);
} else {
this.changeType('isosceles', 1);
}
},
immediate: true
}
},
methods: {
changeType(item, index) {
this.active = index;
this.$emit("getType", item);
}
}
};
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效果圖:
如今 input 提供了 type="color"
這一選項,製做一個顏色選擇器仍是很簡單的,對於 input 可使用以前說起的 CSS 搞事技巧:checkbox+label+selector 來隱藏它:
<div class="color-picker">
<label for="color-picker">
<span class="color-name" :style="{backgroundColor: color}"> {{color}} </span>
<input type="color" v-model="color" id="color-picker" @change="changeColor">
</label>
</div>
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export default {
name: 'color-picker',
data: () => {
return {
color: '#000000'
}
},
mounted() {
this.changeColor();
},
methods: {
changeColor() {
this.$emit('getColor', this.color);
}
}
}
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效果圖:
效果圖來依賴於三個數據:方向、類型及顏色。依次適配這三個便可。
首先完成,方向及顏色問題,先初步看一下效果圖:
在原理中說明了,三角形其實是一個矩形隱藏了其他 border 造成的。以方向等邊三角形爲例子:若須要邊長度爲 50px
的的三角形,則根據勾股定理可得出:border-width: 0 28.87px 50px;
<div class="triangle-width">
<div class="width-inputs">
<input v-model="bottom" class="width-input" type="number" min="0" max="180" placeholder="底" :disabled="!isPositive" @change="getBorder" >
<input v-model="sideOne" class="width-input" type="number" min="0" max="180" placeholder="邊" :disabled="type !== 'isosceles' && type !== 'scalene'" @change="getBorder" >
<input v-model="sideTwo" class="width-input" type="number" min="0" max="180" placeholder="側邊" :disabled="type !== 'scalene'" @change="getBorder" >
</div>
</div>
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export default {
name: "triangle-width",
props: {
type: {
type: String,
validator: function(val) {
return ["equilateral", "isosceles", "scalene"].includes(val);
}
},
direction: {
type: String,
validator: function(val) {
return [
"top",
"right",
"left",
"bottom",
"top-left",
"top-right",
"bottom-left",
"bottom-right"
].includes(val);
}
}
},
data: () => {
return {
bottom: 50,
sideOne: 50,
sideTwo: 50,
borderWidth: '',
isPositive: false
};
},
watch: {
direction: {
handler: function(val) {
this.isPositive = ["top", "right", "left", "bottom"].includes(val)
this.getBorder();
},
immediate: true
},
type: {
handler: function() {
this.getBorder();
}
}
},
methods: {
getBorder() {
let direction = this.direction;
let type = this.type;
switch(type) {
case 'equilateral':
this.calcEquBorder(direction);
break;
case 'isosceles':
this.calcIsoBorder(direction);
break;
case 'scalene':
this.calcScaBorder(direction);
break;
default:
break;
}
this.$emit('getBorderWidth', this.borderWidth);
},
calcEquBorder(direction) {
let bottom = this.bottom;
let height = (bottom / Math.sqrt(3)).toFixed(2);
switch(direction) {
case 'top':
this.borderWidth = `0 ${height}px ${bottom}px`;
break;
case 'right':
this.borderWidth = `${height}px 0 ${height}px ${bottom}px`;
break;
case 'bottom':
this.borderWidth = `${bottom}px ${height}px 0`;
break;
case 'left':
this.borderWidth = `${height}px ${bottom}px ${height}px 0`;
break;
default:
break;
}
},
}
};
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效果圖:
終於到了最後一步了,生成代碼有不少方式,能夠將以前從子組件傳遞出來的數據處理下輸出。這裏選擇一種較爲取巧的形式,由於這邊使用的是行內 style 樣式,因此能夠直接在它的 DOM 上獲取。
<div class="triangle" ref="triangleRendering" :style="[borderStyle, { borderWidth: borderWidth }]"></div>
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export default {
methods: {
postCode() {
this.$nextTick(() => {
let dom = this.$refs.triangleRendering;
let code = dom.attributes.style.textContent;
this.$emit('getCode', code);
})
}
}
}
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export default {
name: 'triangle-code',
props: {
code: {
type: String,
required: true
}
},
watch: {
code: {
handler: function(code) {
this.handleCode(code);
},
immediate: true
}
},
data: () => {
return {
copyCode: ''
}
},
methods: {
handleCode(code) {
code = code.replace(/\;/g,";\n");
this.copyCode = `width: 0;\n height: 0;\n border: solid transparent;\n ${code}`;
}
}
}
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效果圖:
期間步驟只是思路過程,詳情請查看項目源碼,調試過程當中不可避免會進行一些修改。
面試前仍是要爲面試刷下題目的,否則真的容易懵……
有沒有公司收前端切圖仔,求職中…