從Flux到Redux是狀態管理工具的演變過程,但二者仍是有細微的區別的。可是最核心的都仍是觀察者模式的應用。redux
1、Fluxdom
1. Flux的處理邏輯異步
通俗來說,應用的狀態被放到了store中,組件是store狀態的一個映射,用戶經過事件觸發action,再經過Dispatcher根據不一樣的actionType進行分發,並作不一樣的邏輯處理,但核心都是經過直接改變store的狀態,再觸發emitChange間接改變組件中的數據。(後面會上代碼)函數
從代碼層面來說,store中的數據經過EventEmitter註冊監聽,並通知引入此store的組件狀態變化,view中的數據實時經過store獲取,action中則是經過AppDispatcher分發,而註冊後的AppDispatcher則根據對應的actionTypes作不通的邏輯處理。工具
常規方法使用Flux須要引入的庫有:Dispatcher,EventEmitterthis
2. Flux的劣勢:spa
1.Flux能夠有多個store,而當邏輯複雜時,多個store的依賴會很是繁瑣。異步操做也不是很友好。prototype
2. 難以進行服務端渲染,同構成本較高。component
3. store混雜了處理邏輯與狀態。對象
3. Flux項目的關聯核心代碼:
js/countPanel.js
類的構造函數初始化store的數據:
constructor (props) { super(props); this.state = {max: 15, fluxData: CounterValues}; this.setMax = this.setMax.bind(this); this.totalChange = this.totalChange.bind(this); this.fluxTest = this.fluxTest.bind(this); }
在事件中調用action
<button onClick={this.fluxTest}>click flux</button> fluxTest () { increment(); }
./Action.js
import * as ActionTypes from './ActionTypes.js'; import AppDispatcher from './AppDispatcher.js'; export const increment = (counterCaption) => { AppDispatcher.dispatch({ type: ActionTypes.INCREMENT, counterCaption: counterCaption }) } export const decrement = (counterCaption) => { AppDispatcher.dispatch({ type: ActionTypes.DECREMENT, counterCaption: counterCaption }) }
./AppDispatcher.js
import {Dispatcher} from 'flux'; import * as ActionTypes from './ActionTypes.js'; import CounterStore from './store/CounterStore.js'; let AppDispatcher = new Dispatcher(); AppDispatcher.register((actions) => { if (actions.type === ActionTypes.INCREMENT) { // CounterValues[actions.counterCaption]++; CounterStore.doChange('First', 1000) CounterStore.emitChange(); } else if (actions.type === ActionTypes.DECREMENT) { // doSomthing } }) export default AppDispatcher;
./store/CounterStore.js
經過EventEmitter(觀察者模式最典型的應用)註冊數據監聽與處理:
import {EventEmitter} from 'events'; const CounterValues = { First: 0, Second: 10, Third: 30 } const CounterStore = Object.assign({}, EventEmitter.prototype, { doChange (counterKey, CounterVal) { CounterValues[counterKey] = CounterVal; }, getCounterValues: function () { return CounterValues; }, emitChange: function () { this.emit('change'); }, addChangeListener: function (callBack) { this.on('change', callBack); }, removeChangeListener: function (callBack) { this.removeChangeListener('change', callBack) } }) export {CounterValues}; export default CounterStore;
2、Redux
1. Redux的三條原則:
(1)惟一數據源
(2)保持狀態只讀
(3)經過純函數改變數據
ps: 純函數:1.不得改寫參數 2. 不得調用系統的IO 3. 不能調用Date.now()或Math.random()等方法,由於每次獲取的結果都不一樣。
2. Redux的邏輯處理
與Flux的區別在於:
(1)Flux中對action的處理沒有返回值,只是經過Dispatcher分發動做,由Dispatcher的註冊函數中作邏輯處理;而Redux中則取消了Dispatcher對象,action只是經過store的dispatch方法提交動做,再由store註冊的reducer根據對應的ActionTypes作邏輯處理。
(2)Flux中的邏輯處理是直接對現有的state作處理,而Redux則是經過純函數進行處理,在原有的state基礎上返回新生成的state,不會對原有數據產生反作用。
3. Redux實際使用的核心代碼:
./counter.js
在事件處理函數中經過store.dispatch分發動做:
onIncrement() { store.dispatch(Actions.increment(this.props.caption)); }
經過subscribe進行監聽:
componentDidMount() { store.subscribe(this.onChange); } componentWillUnmount() { store.unsubscribe(this.onChange); }
./action.js
對應的dispatch處理函數中,返回一個action對象:
export const increment = (counterCaption) => { return { type: ActionTypes.INCREMENT, counterCaption: counterCaption }; };
./reducer.js
經過純函數處理對應的action
export default (state, action) => { const {counterCaption} = action; switch (action.type) { case ActionTypes.INCREMENT: return {...state, [counterCaption]: state[counterCaption] + 1}; case ActionTypes.DECREMENT: return {...state, [counterCaption]: state[counterCaption] - 1}; default: return state } }
./store.js
經過createStore將reducer與store數據聯繫起來
import {createStore} from 'redux'; import reducer from './reducer.js'; const initValues = { 'First': 0, 'Second': 10, 'Third': 20 }; const store = createStore(reducer, initValues); export default store;