MySQL Community Server 5.7.18 deb安裝以及實現主從複製
1.從oracle官網下載mysql安裝包。html
mysql-server_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar
2.解壓縮安裝包。mysql
tar -xf mysql-server_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar
3.使用root用戶執行命令安裝。redis
dpkg -i mysql-common_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-client_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb libmysqlclient20_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb libmysqlclient-dev_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb libmysqld-dev_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb mysql-client_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-server_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb
4.報錯以下。sql
root@ubuntu:~$ dpkg -i mysql-common_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-client_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb libmysqlclient20_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb libmysqlclient-dev_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb libmysqld-dev_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb mysql-client_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb mysql-community-server_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb Selecting previously unselected package mysql-common. (Reading database ... 207638 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack mysql-common_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-common (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-community-client. Preparing to unpack mysql-community-client_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-community-client (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Selecting previously unselected package libmysqlclient20:amd64. Preparing to unpack libmysqlclient20_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libmysqlclient20:amd64 (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Selecting previously unselected package libmysqlclient-dev. Preparing to unpack libmysqlclient-dev_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libmysqlclient-dev (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Selecting previously unselected package libmysqld-dev. Preparing to unpack libmysqld-dev_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libmysqld-dev (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client. Preparing to unpack mysql-client_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-client (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Selecting previously unselected package mysql-community-server. Preparing to unpack mysql-community-server_5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04_amd64.deb ... Unpacking mysql-community-server (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Setting up mysql-common (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-community-client: mysql-community-client depends on libaio1 (>= 0.3.93); however: Package libaio1 is not installed. dpkg: error processing package mysql-community-client (--install): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Setting up libmysqlclient20:amd64 (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Setting up libmysqlclient-dev (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Setting up libmysqld-dev (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-client: mysql-client depends on mysql-community-client (= 5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04); however: Package mysql-community-client is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing package mysql-client (--install): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-community-server: mysql-community-server depends on mysql-client (= 5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04); however: Package mysql-client is not configured yet. mysql-community-server depends on libaio1 (>= 0.3.93); however: Package libaio1 is not installed. mysql-community-server depends on libmecab2 (>= 0.996-1.2ubuntu1); however: Package libmecab2 is not installed. dpkg: error processing package mysql-community-server (--install): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu7) ... Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu10) ... Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ... Errors were encountered while processing: mysql-community-client mysql-client mysql-community-server
5.執行依賴安裝，依然報錯以下。數據庫
root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install libaio1 libmecab2 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: openssh-server : Depends: openssh-client (= 1:7.2p2-4ubuntu2.2) openssh-sftp-server : Depends: openssh-client (= 1:7.2p2-4ubuntu2.2) E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
6.執行命令安依賴包。ubuntu
root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install libaio1 libmecab2 openssh-client Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Suggested packages: ssh-askpass libpam-ssh keychain monkeysphere The following NEW packages will be installed: libaio1 libmecab2 The following packages will be upgraded: openssh-client 1 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 316 not upgraded. 3 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 271 kB/857 kB of archives. After this operation, 1,958 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 libaio1 amd64 0.3.110-2 [6,356 B] Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 libmecab2 amd64 0.996-1.2ubuntu1 [264 kB] Fetched 271 kB in 3s (79.4 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package libaio1:amd64. (Reading database ... 208013 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../libaio1_0.3.110-2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libaio1:amd64 (0.3.110-2) ... Selecting previously unselected package libmecab2. Preparing to unpack .../libmecab2_0.996-1.2ubuntu1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking libmecab2 (0.996-1.2ubuntu1) ... Preparing to unpack .../openssh-client_1%3a7.2p2-4ubuntu2.2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking openssh-client (1:7.2p2-4ubuntu2.2) over (1:7.2p2-4ubuntu2.1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu7) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ... Setting up libaio1:amd64 (0.3.110-2) ... Setting up mysql-community-client (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Setting up mysql-client (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Setting up libmecab2 (0.996-1.2ubuntu1) ... Setting up mysql-community-server (5.7.18-1ubuntu16.04) ... Package configuration
7.要求輸入root用戶密碼，輸入之後mysql安裝成功。vim
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode Setting up openssh-client (1:7.2p2-4ubuntu2.2) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu7) ... Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu10) ... Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...
8.執行mysql免密碼登錄報錯。服務器
root@ubuntu:~# mysql ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
9.進入/etc/mysql目錄，編輯mysqld.cnf文件。在文件最後一行加入配置「skip-grant-tables」，執行命令「service mysql restart」重啓mysql。oracle
root@ubuntu:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d# vim mysqld.cnf # Copyright (c) 2014, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA # # The MySQL Server configuration file. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html [mysqld] pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock datadir = /var/lib/mysql log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # By default we only accept connections from localhost bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 skip-grant-tables
10.執行mysql命令，能夠正確登錄mysql。ssh
root@ubuntu:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.18 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
11.安裝完成，登錄之後能夠執行命令修改mysql密碼。
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql> exit
12.將/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf最後一行刪除，並執行命令「service mysql restart」重啓mysql。
# Copyright (c) 2014, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA # # The MySQL Server configuration file. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html [mysqld] pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock datadir = /var/lib/mysql log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # By default we only accept connections from localhost bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0
13.輸入命令「mysql -u root -p」，輸入密碼「root」，登錄成功。
root@ubuntu:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.18 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
14.至此，MySQL Community Server 5.7.18 deb安裝成功。
15.在兩臺服務器上分別安裝MySQL Community Server 5.7.18 deb版本，修改主庫配置文件
/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf,增長最後兩行配置。
[mysqld] pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock datadir = /var/lib/mysql log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # By default we only accept connections from localhost #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 server-id=107 log-bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin
16.從庫也須要修改配置文件/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf，一樣增長最後兩行，注意server-id要不一樣。
[mysqld] pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock datadir = /var/lib/mysql log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # By default we only accept connections from localhost #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin server-id=109
17.重啓兩臺服務器mysql服務，service mysql restart。
18.主庫創建帳戶並授予slave權限
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'test'@'%' identified by 'test'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
19.查詢主庫狀態
mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | mysql-bin.000004 | 1343 | | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
20.配置從庫，中止從庫複製功能；配置與主庫同步信息，master_host爲主庫ip地址，master_user，master_password爲18步建立的用戶名和密碼，master_log_file和master_log_pos爲19步查詢出的File和Position。 配置完成後，啓動從庫複製功能。
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.244.128',
-> master_user='test',
-> master_password='test',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004',
-> master_log_pos=1343;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
21.檢查下從庫的配置信息，注意Slave_IO_Running: Yes和Slave_SQL_Running: Yes兩個配置項必須爲Yes，不然存在問題。須要從新執行19,20步進行配置。
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.244.128
Master_User: test
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1343
Relay_Log_File: ubuntu-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1343
Relay_Log_Space: 528
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 107
Master_UUID: 2073267a-44e9-11e7-a5ce-000c29c1f067
Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
22.配置完成，進行下測試。在主庫建立database和table。
mysql> create database db_test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use db_test;
Database changed
mysql> create table db_table(name char(13),age int(3));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> insert into db_table values('tom', 19);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
23.查詢下主庫信息。
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | db_test | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from db_table; +------+------+ | name | age | +------+------+ | tom | 19 | +------+------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
24.查詢下從庫信息。發現從庫中已經從主庫中同步了db_test database以及db_table表數據。
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | db_test | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use db_test; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> select * from db_table; +------+------+ | name | age | +------+------+ | tom | 19 | +------+------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
25.至此，Mysql完成了主從數據庫同步配置和數據同步。
26.操做過程當中遇到一個問題。在配置從庫之後，出現Slave_IO_RunningConnecting和Slave_SQL_Running: Yes狀態，查看下面錯誤信息，發現報錯沒法鏈接到主庫ip，手動鏈接了一下報錯「ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx'(111)錯誤」，沒法鏈接到主庫。
解決過程：將主庫/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf配置文件中bind-address= 127.0.0.1註銷掉，重啓主庫便可，不要綁定本地迴環地址。
[mysqld] pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock datadir = /var/lib/mysql log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # By default we only accept connections from localhost #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 server-id=107 log-bin=/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin
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