pyqy5——控件2

控件2

本章咱們繼續介紹PyQt5控件。此次的有QPixmapQLineEditQSplitter,和QComboBoxpython

圖片

QPixmap是處理圖片的組件。本例中,咱們使用QPixmap在窗口裏顯示一張圖片。app

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial 
歡迎加QQ羣`923 414 804`與我一塊兒學習
In this example, we dispay an image
on the window. 

Author: Jan Bodnar
Website: zetcode.com 
Last edited: August 2017
"""

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QHBoxLayout, 
    QLabel, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPixmap
import sys

class Example(QWidget):
    
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        
        self.initUI()
        
        
    def initUI(self):      

        hbox = QHBoxLayout(self)
        pixmap = QPixmap("redrock.png")

        lbl = QLabel(self)
        lbl.setPixmap(pixmap)

        hbox.addWidget(lbl)
        self.setLayout(hbox)
        
        self.move(300, 200)
        self.setWindowTitle('Red Rock')
        self.show()        
        
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())
pixmap = QPixmap("redrock.png")

建立一個QPixmap對象,接收一個文件做爲參數。框架

lbl = QLabel(self)
lbl.setPixmap(pixmap)

QPixmap實例放到QLabel組件裏。佈局

程序展現:學習

行編輯

QLineEdit組件提供了編輯文本的功能,自帶了撤銷、重作、剪切、粘貼、拖拽等功能。ui

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial 

This example shows text which 
is entered in a QLineEdit
in a QLabel widget.
 
Author: Jan Bodnar
Website: zetcode.com 
Last edited: August 2017
"""

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel, 
    QLineEdit, QApplication)


class Example(QWidget):
    
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        
        self.initUI()
        
        
    def initUI(self):      

        self.lbl = QLabel(self)
        qle = QLineEdit(self)
        
        qle.move(60, 100)
        self.lbl.move(60, 40)

        qle.textChanged[str].connect(self.onChanged)
        
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
        self.setWindowTitle('QLineEdit')
        self.show()
        
        
    def onChanged(self, text):
        
        self.lbl.setText(text)
        self.lbl.adjustSize()        
        
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

例子中展現了一個編輯組件和一個標籤,咱們在輸入框裏鍵入的文本,會當即在標籤裏顯示出來。this

qle = QLineEdit(self)

建立一個QLineEdit對象。spa

qle.textChanged[str].connect(self.onChanged)

若是輸入框的值有變化,就調用onChanged()方法。code

def onChanged(self, text):
    
    self.lbl.setText(text)
    self.lbl.adjustSize()

onChanged()方法內部,咱們把文本框裏的值賦值給了標籤組件,而後調用adjustSize()方法讓標籤自適應文本內容。對象

程序展現:

QSplitter

QSplitter組件能讓用戶經過拖拽分割線的方式改變子窗口大小的組件。本例中咱們展現用兩個分割線隔開的三個QFrame組件。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial 

This example shows
how to use QSplitter widget.
 
Author: Jan Bodnar
Website: zetcode.com 
Last edited: August 2017
"""

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QHBoxLayout, QFrame, 
    QSplitter, QStyleFactory, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
import sys

class Example(QWidget):
    
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        
        self.initUI()
        
        
    def initUI(self):      

        hbox = QHBoxLayout(self)

        topleft = QFrame(self)
        topleft.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)
 
        topright = QFrame(self)
        topright.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)

        bottom = QFrame(self)
        bottom.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)

        splitter1 = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
        splitter1.addWidget(topleft)
        splitter1.addWidget(topright)

        splitter2 = QSplitter(Qt.Vertical)
        splitter2.addWidget(splitter1)
        splitter2.addWidget(bottom)

        hbox.addWidget(splitter2)
        self.setLayout(hbox)
        
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200)
        self.setWindowTitle('QSplitter')
        self.show()
        
        
    def onChanged(self, text):
        
        self.lbl.setText(text)
        self.lbl.adjustSize()        
        
        
if __name__ == '__main__':
    
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

三個窗口和兩個分割線的佈局建立完成了,可是要注意,有些主題下,分割線的顯示效果不太好。

topleft = QFrame(self)
topleft.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)

爲了更清楚的看到分割線,咱們使用了設置好的子窗口樣式。

splitter1 = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
splitter1.addWidget(topleft)
splitter1.addWidget(topright)

建立一個QSplitter組件,並在裏面添加了兩個框架。

splitter2 = QSplitter(Qt.Vertical)
splitter2.addWidget(splitter1)

也能夠在分割線裏面再進行分割。

程序展現:

下拉選框

QComboBox組件能讓用戶在多個選擇項中選擇一個。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PyQt5 tutorial 

This example shows how to use 
a QComboBox widget.
 
Author: Jan Bodnar
Website: zetcode.com 
Last edited: August 2017
"""

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel, 
    QComboBox, QApplication)
import sys

class Example(QWidget):
    
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        
        self.initUI()
        
        
    def initUI(self):      

        self.lbl = QLabel("Ubuntu", self)

        combo = QComboBox(self)
        combo.addItem("Ubuntu")
        combo.addItem("Mandriva")
        combo.addItem("Fedora")
        combo.addItem("Arch")
        combo.addItem("Gentoo")

        combo.move(50, 50)
        self.lbl.move(50, 150)

        combo.activated[str].connect(self.onActivated)        
         
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200)
        self.setWindowTitle('QComboBox')
        self.show()
        
        
    def onActivated(self, text):
      
        self.lbl.setText(text)
        self.lbl.adjustSize()  
        
                
if __name__ == '__main__':
    
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

本例包含了一個QComboBox和一個QLabel。下拉選擇框有五個選項,都是Linux的發行版名稱,標籤內容爲選定的發行版名稱。

combo = QComboBox(self)
combo.addItem("Ubuntu")
combo.addItem("Mandriva")
combo.addItem("Fedora")
combo.addItem("Arch")
combo.addItem("Gentoo")

建立一個QComboBox組件和五個選項。

combo.activated[str].connect(self.onActivated)

在選中的條目上調用onActivated()方法。

def onActivated(self, text):
  
    self.lbl.setText(text)
    self.lbl.adjustSize()

在方法內部,設置標籤內容爲選定的字符串,而後設置自適應文本大小。

程序展現:

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