堡壘機前戲
開發堡壘機以前，先來學習Python的paramiko模塊，該模塊機遇SSH用於鏈接遠程服務器並執行相關操做python
SSHClientmysql
用於鏈接遠程服務器並執行基本命令linux
基於用戶名密碼鏈接：ios
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
import
paramiko
# 建立SSH對象
ssh
=
paramiko.SSHClient()
# 容許鏈接不在know_hosts文件中的主機
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 鏈接服務器
ssh.connect(hostname
=
'c1.salt.com'
, port
=
22
, username
=
'wupeiqi'
, password
=
'123'
)
# 執行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr
=
ssh.exec_command(
'df'
)
# 獲取命令結果
result
=
stdout.read()
# 關閉鏈接
ssh.close()
|
SSHClient 封裝 Transport
基於公鑰密鑰鏈接：sql
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
|
import
paramiko
private_key
=
paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(
'/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa'
)
# 建立SSH對象
ssh
=
paramiko.SSHClient()
# 容許鏈接不在know_hosts文件中的主機
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 鏈接服務器
ssh.connect(hostname
=
'c1.salt.com'
, port
=
22
, username
=
'wupeiqi'
, key
=
private_key)
# 執行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr
=
ssh.exec_command(
'df'
)
# 獲取命令結果
result
=
stdout.read()
# 關閉鏈接
ssh.close()
|
import paramiko private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa') transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22)) transport.connect(username='wupeiqi', pkey=private_key) ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = transport stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df') transport.close()
import paramiko from io import StringIO key_str = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- MIIEpQIBAAKCAQEAq7gLsqYArAFco02/55IgNg0r7NXOtEM3qXpb/dabJ5Uyky/8 NEHhFiQ7deHIRIuTW5Zb0kD6h6EBbVlUMBmwJrC2oSzySLU1w+ZNfH0PE6W6fans H80whhuc/YgP+fjiO+VR/gFcqib8Rll5UfYzf5H8uuOnDeIXGCVgyHQSmt8if1+e 7hn1MVO1Lrm9Fco8ABI7dyv8/ZEwoSfh2C9rGYgA58LT1FkBRkOePbHD43xNfAYC tfLvz6LErMnwdOW4sNMEWWAWv1fsTB35PAm5CazfKzmam9n5IQXhmUNcNvmaZtvP c4f4g59mdsaWNtNaY96UjOfx83Om86gmdkKcnwIDAQABAoIBAQCnDBGFJuv8aA7A ZkBLe+GN815JtOyye7lIS1n2I7En3oImoUWNaJEYwwJ8+LmjxMwDCtAkR0XwbvY+ c+nsKPEtkjb3sAu6I148RmwWsGncSRqUaJrljOypaW9dS+GO4Ujjz3/lw1lrxSUh IqVc0E7kyRW8kP3QCaNBwArYteHreZFFp6XmtKMtXaEA3saJYILxaaXlYkoRi4k8 S2/K8aw3ZMR4tDCOfB4o47JaeiA/e185RK3A+mLn9xTDhTdZqTQpv17/YRPcgmwz zu30fhVXQT/SuI0sO+bzCO4YGoEwoBX718AWhdLJFoFq1B7k2ZEzXTAtjEXQEWm6 01ndU/jhAasdfasdasdfasdfa3eraszxqwefasdfadasdffsFIfAsjQb4HdkmHuC OeJrJOd+CYvdEeqJJNnF6AbHyYHIECkj0Qq1kEfLOEsqzd5nDbtkKBte6M1trbjl HtJ2Yb8w6o/q/6Sbj7wf/cW3LIYEdeVCjScozVcQ9R83ea05J+QOAr4nAoGBAMaq UzLJfLNWZ5Qosmir2oHStFlZpxspax/ln7DlWLW4wPB4YJalSVovF2Buo8hr8X65 lnPiE41M+G0Z7icEXiFyDBFDCtzx0x/RmaBokLathrFtI81UCx4gQPLaSVNMlvQA 539GsubSrO4LpHRNGg/weZ6EqQOXvHvkUkm2bDDJAoGATytFNxen6GtC0ZT3SRQM WYfasdf3xbtuykmnluiofasd2sfmjnljkt7khghmghdasSDFGQfgaFoKfaawoYeH C2XasVUsVviBn8kPSLSVBPX4JUfQmA6h8HsajeVahxN1U9e0nYJ0sYDQFUMTS2t8 RT57+WK/0ONwTWHdu+KnaJECgYEAid/ta8LQC3p82iNAZkpWlGDSD2yb/8rH8NQg 9tjEryFwrbMtfX9qn+8srx06B796U3OjifstjJQNmVI0qNlsJpQK8fPwVxRxbJS/ pMbNICrf3sUa4sZgDOFfkeuSlgACh4cVIozDXlR59Z8Y3CoiW0uObEgvMDIfenAj 98pl3ZkCgYEAj/UCSni0dwX4pnKNPm6LUgiS7QvIgM3H9piyt8aipQuzBi5LUKWw DlQC4Zb73nHgdREtQYYXTu7p27Bl0Gizz1sW2eSgxFU8eTh+ucfVwOXKAXKU5SeI +MbuBfUYQ4if2N/BXn47+/ecf3A4KgB37Le5SbLDddwCNxGlBzbpBa0= -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----""" private_key = paramiko.RSAKey(file_obj=StringIO(key_str)) transport = paramiko.Transport(('10.0.1.40', 22)) transport.connect(username='wupeiqi', pkey=private_key) ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = transport stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df') result = stdout.read() transport.close() print(result)
SFTPClientshell
用於鏈接遠程服務器並執行上傳下載數據庫
基於用戶名密碼上傳下載windows
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
import
paramiko
transport
=
paramiko.Transport((
'hostname'
,
22
))
transport.connect(username
=
'wupeiqi'
,password
=
'123'
)
sftp
=
paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 將location.py 上傳至服務器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put(
'/tmp/location.py'
,
'/tmp/test.py'
)
# 將remove_path 下載到本地 local_path
sftp.get(
'remove_path'
,
'local_path'
)
transport.close()
|
基於公鑰密鑰上傳下載服務器
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
|
import
paramiko
private_key
=
paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(
'/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa'
)
transport
=
paramiko.Transport((
'hostname'
,
22
))
transport.connect(username
=
'wupeiqi'
, pkey
=
private_key )
sftp
=
paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 將location.py 上傳至服務器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put(
'/tmp/location.py'
,
'/tmp/test.py'
)
# 將remove_path 下載到本地 local_path
sftp.get(
'remove_path'
,
'local_path'
)
transport.close()
|
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import paramiko import uuid class Haproxy(object): def __init__(self): self.host = '172.16.103.191' self.port = 22 self.username = 'wupeiqi' self.pwd = '123' self.__k = None def create_file(self): file_name = str(uuid.uuid4()) with open(file_name,'w') as f: f.write('sb') return file_name def run(self): self.connect() self.upload() self.rename() self.close() def connect(self): transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port)) transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd) self.__transport = transport def close(self): self.__transport.close() def upload(self): # 鏈接，上傳 file_name = self.create_file() sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport) # 將location.py 上傳至服務器 /tmp/test.py sftp.put(file_name, '/home/wupeiqi/tttttttttttt.py') def rename(self): ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = self.__transport # 執行命令 stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('mv /home/wupeiqi/tttttttttttt.py /home/wupeiqi/ooooooooo.py') # 獲取命令結果 result = stdout.read() ha = Haproxy() ha.run()
堡壘機的實現
實現思路：session
堡壘機執行流程：
- 管理員爲用戶在服務器上建立帳號（將公鑰放置服務器，或者使用用戶名密碼）
- 用戶登錄堡壘機，輸入堡壘機用戶名密碼，現實當前用戶管理的服務器列表
- 用戶選擇服務器，並自動登錄
- 執行操做並同時將用戶操做記錄
注：配置.brashrc實現ssh登錄後自動執行腳本，如：/usr/bin/python /home/wupeiqi/menu.py
實現過程
步驟一，實現用戶登錄
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
import
getpass
user
=
raw_input
(
'username:'
)
pwd
=
getpass.getpass(
'password'
)
if
user
=
=
'alex'
and
pwd
=
=
'123'
:
print
'登錄成功'
else
:
print
'登錄失敗'
|
步驟二，根據用戶獲取相關服務器列表
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
|
dic
=
{
'alex'
: [
'172.16.103.189'
,
'c10.puppet.com'
,
'c11.puppet.com'
,
],
'eric'
: [
'c100.puppet.com'
,
]
}
host_list
=
dic[
'alex'
]
print
'please select:'
for
index, item
in
enumerate
(host_list,
1
):
print
index, item
inp
=
raw_input
(
'your select (No):'
)
inp
=
int
(inp)
hostname
=
host_list[inp
-
1
]
port
=
22
|
步驟三，根據用戶名、私鑰登錄服務器
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
|
tran
=
paramiko.Transport((hostname, port,))
tran.start_client()
default_path
=
os.path.join(os.environ[
'HOME'
],
'.ssh'
,
'id_rsa'
)
key
=
paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(default_path)
tran.auth_publickey(
'wupeiqi'
, key)
# 打開一個通道
chan
=
tran.open_session()
# 獲取一個終端
chan.get_pty()
# 激活器
chan.invoke_shell()
#########
# 利用sys.stdin,肆意妄爲執行操做
# 用戶在終端輸入內容，並將內容發送至遠程服務器
# 遠程服務器執行命令，並將結果返回
# 用戶終端顯示內容
#########
chan.close()
tran.close()
|
while True: # 監視用戶輸入和服務器返回數據 # sys.stdin 處理用戶輸入 # chan 是以前建立的通道，用於接收服務器返回信息 readable, writeable, error = select.select([chan, sys.stdin, ],[],[],1) if chan in readable: try: x = chan.recv(1024) if len(x) == 0: print '\r\n*** EOF\r\n', break sys.stdout.write(x) sys.stdout.flush() except socket.timeout: pass if sys.stdin in readable: inp = sys.stdin.readline() chan.sendall(inp)
# 獲取原tty屬性 oldtty = termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin) try: # 爲tty設置新屬性 # 默認當前tty設備屬性： # 輸入一行回車，執行 # CTRL+C 進程退出，遇到特殊字符，特殊處理。 # 這是爲原始模式，不認識全部特殊符號 # 放置特殊字符應用在當前終端，如此設置，將全部的用戶輸入均發送到遠程服務器 tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno()) chan.settimeout(0.0) while True: # 監視 用戶輸入 和 遠程服務器返回數據（socket） # 阻塞，直到句柄可讀 r, w, e = select.select([chan, sys.stdin], [], [], 1) if chan in r: try: x = chan.recv(1024) if len(x) == 0: print '\r\n*** EOF\r\n', break sys.stdout.write(x) sys.stdout.flush() except socket.timeout: pass if sys.stdin in r: x = sys.stdin.read(1) if len(x) == 0: break chan.send(x) finally: # 從新設置終端屬性 termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, oldtty)
def windows_shell(chan): import threading sys.stdout.write("Line-buffered terminal emulation. Press F6 or ^Z to send EOF.\r\n\r\n") def writeall(sock): while True: data = sock.recv(256) if not data: sys.stdout.write('\r\n*** EOF ***\r\n\r\n') sys.stdout.flush() break sys.stdout.write(data) sys.stdout.flush() writer = threading.Thread(target=writeall, args=(chan,)) writer.start() try: while True: d = sys.stdin.read(1) if not d: break chan.send(d) except EOFError: # user hit ^Z or F6 pass
注：密碼驗證 t.auth_password(username, pw)
詳見：paramiko源碼demo
數據庫操做
Python 操做 Mysql 模塊的安裝
|
1
2
3
4
5
|
linux：
yum install MySQL
-
python
window：
http:
/
/
files.cnblogs.com
/
files
/
wupeiqi
/
py
-
mysql
-
win.
zip
|
SQL基本使用
一、數據庫操做
|
1
2
3
|
show databases;
use [databasename];
create database [name];
|
二、數據表操做
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
|
show tables;
create table students
(
id
int
not
null auto_increment primary key,
name char(
8
)
not
null,
sex char(
4
)
not
null,
age tinyint unsigned
not
null,
tel char(
13
) null default
"-"
);
|
View Code
三、數據操做
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
insert into students(name,sex,age,tel) values(
'alex'
,
'man'
,
18
,
'151515151'
)
delete
from
students where
id
=
2
;
update students
set
name
=
'sb'
where
id
=
1
;
select
*
from
students
|
四、其餘
|
1
2
3
|
主鍵
外鍵
左右鏈接
|
Python MySQL API
1、插入數據
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
import
MySQLdb
conn
=
MySQLdb.connect(host
=
'127.0.0.1'
,user
=
'root'
,passwd
=
'1234'
,db
=
'mydb'
)
cur
=
conn.cursor()
reCount
=
cur.execute(
'insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)'
,(
'alex'
,
'usa'
))
# reCount = cur.execute('insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%(id)s, %(name)s)',{'id':12345,'name':'wupeiqi'})
conn.commit()
cur.close()
conn.close()
print
reCount
|
import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb') cur = conn.cursor() li =[ ('alex','usa'), ('sb','usa'), ] reCount = cur.executemany('insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)',li) conn.commit() cur.close() conn.close() print reCount
注意：cur.lastrowid
2、刪除數據
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
|
import
MySQLdb
conn
=
MySQLdb.connect(host
=
'127.0.0.1'
,user
=
'root'
,passwd
=
'1234'
,db
=
'mydb'
)
cur
=
conn.cursor()
reCount
=
cur.execute(
'delete from UserInfo'
)
conn.commit()
cur.close()
conn.close()
print
reCount
|
3、修改數據
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
|
import
MySQLdb
conn
=
MySQLdb.connect(host
=
'127.0.0.1'
,user
=
'root'
,passwd
=
'1234'
,db
=
'mydb'
)
cur
=
conn.cursor()
reCount
=
cur.execute(
'update UserInfo set Name = %s'
,(
'alin'
,))
conn.commit()
cur.close()
conn.close()
print
reCount
|
4、查數據
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
|
# ############################## fetchone/fetchmany(num) ##############################
import
MySQLdb
conn
=
MySQLdb.connect(host
=
'127.0.0.1'
,user
=
'root'
,passwd
=
'1234'
,db
=
'mydb'
)
cur
=
conn.cursor()
reCount
=
cur.execute(
'select * from UserInfo'
)
print
cur.fetchone()
print
cur.fetchone()
cur.scroll(
-
1
,mode
=
'relative'
)
print
cur.fetchone()
print
cur.fetchone()
cur.scroll(
0
,mode
=
'absolute'
)
print
cur.fetchone()
print
cur.fetchone()
cur.close()
conn.close()
print
reCount
# ############################## fetchall ##############################
import
MySQLdb
conn
=
MySQLdb.connect(host
=
'127.0.0.1'
,user
=
'root'
,passwd
=
'1234'
,db
=
'mydb'
)
#cur = conn.cursor(cursorclass = MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor)
cur
=
conn.cursor()
reCount
=
cur.execute(
'select Name,Address from UserInfo'
)
nRet
=
cur.fetchall()
cur.close()
conn.close()
print
reCount
print
nRet
for
i
in
nRet:
print
i[
0
],i[
1
]
|