Spring Boot實踐--項目打包、啓動、關閉的方法

Spring Boot，做爲Spring框架對「約定優先於配置(Convention Over Configuration)」理念的最佳實踐的產物，它能幫助咱們很快捷的建立出獨立運行、產品級別的基於Spring框架的應用，大部分Spring Boot應用只須要很是少的配置就能夠快速運行起來，是一個與微服務(MicroServices)至關契合的微框架。

1.應用打包

Spring Boot應用能夠打成jar包，其中內嵌tomcat，所以能夠直接啓動使用。可是在Spring Boot應用啓動以前，首先須要進行打包，本文講述的是Maven工程的打包，打包須要的前提條件(pom.xml文件中的內容)是：

...

<packaging>jar</packaging>

...

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

...

<build>
  <plugins>
    <plugin>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      <configuration>
        <mainClass>com.***.Application</mainClass>
      </configuration>
      <executions>
        <execution>
          <goals>
            <goal>repackage</goal>
          </goals>
        </execution>
      </executions>
    </plugin>
  </plugins>
</build>

...

打包命令爲：

mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true
# Demo
$ mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for com.example:myproject:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.version' for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin is missing. @ line 38, column 17
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build.
[WARNING] 
[WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects.
[WARNING] 
[INFO]                                     
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building myproject 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Deleting /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ myproject ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 1 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding UTF-8, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target/classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Not copying test resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Not compiling test sources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Tests are skipped.
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ myproject ---
[INFO] Building jar: /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target/myproject-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.5.0.RC1:repackage (default) @ myproject ---
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.861 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-01-13T15:31:32+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 26M/308M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

或在eclipse中運行run -> Maven build...，在Goals中填寫clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true，運行，打包完成。

2.應用啓動

Spring Boot的啓動命令爲：

java -jar application.jar
# Demo
$ java -jar target/myproject-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar 
 .  ____     _      __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
 ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::    (v1.4.3.RELEASE)
............
2017-01-13 15:31:39.944 INFO 62119 --- [      main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
2017-01-13 15:31:39.949 INFO 62119 --- [      main] com.test.Example             : Started Example in 4.292 seconds (JVM running for 4.726)

3.應用關閉

下面主要有兩種方式進行Spring Boot的關閉：經過HTTP發送shutdown信號，或者經過service stop的方式。ps -ef(-aux) | grep project_name --> kill -9 XXX 

方式一:HTTP發送shutdown信號

Spring Boot應用關閉的前提條件是POM.xml添加如下內容：

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.properties中添加：

#啓用shutdown
endpoints.shutdown.enabled=true
#禁用密碼驗證
endpoints.shutdown.sensitive=false

關閉命令爲：

curl -X POST host:port/shutdown
# Demo
$ curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/shutdown
{"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}
$ curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/manage/shutdown
{"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}

若是要配置路徑，須要在application.properties中添加management.context-path=/manage，則關閉命令變爲curl -X POST host:port/manage/shutdown。

方式二:服務方式

簡單關閉：ps -ef(-aux) | grep project_name --> kill -9 XXX 

startTest.sh內容以下： 

#!/bin/sh  
java -jar Test.jar &       #注意：必須有&讓其後臺執行，不然沒有pid生成  
echo $! > java.pid         #將jar包啓動對應的pid寫入文件中，爲中止時提供pid  

stopTest.sh內容以下：  

#!/bin/sh  
PID=$(cat java.pid )  
kill -9 $PID

 

4.安全驗證

若是在關閉時須要安全驗證，則在pom.xml文件中添加：

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.properties中添加：

#開啓shutdown的安全驗證
endpoints.shutdown.sensitive=true
#驗證用戶名
security.user.name=admin
#驗證密碼
security.user.password=admin
#角色
management.security.role=SUPERUSER
# 指定端口
management.port=8081
# 指定地址
management.address=127.0.0.1

關閉命令爲：

curl -u admin:admin -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8081/manage/shutdown
# Demo
$ curl -u admin:admin -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8081/manage/shutdown
{"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}