Android 高效的SQLite型數據庫greenDAO使用

使用:
在你project項目的build.gradle配置以下:
buildscript {
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'org.greenrobot:greendao-gradle-plugin:3.2.2'
}
}java

// 使用數據庫升級輔助GreenDaoUpgradeHelper時添加
allprojects {
repositories {
maven { url "https://jitpack.io" }
}
}android

在你的modules 裏app/build.gradle裏配置以下:git

apply plugin: 'org.greenrobot.greendao'github

dependencies {
compile 'org.greenrobot:greendao:3.2.2'sql

// 使用數據庫加密時添加
compile 'net.zetetic:android-database-sqlcipher:3.5.6'

// 使用數據庫升級輔助GreenDaoUpgradeHelper時添加
compile 'com.github.yuweiguocn:GreenDaoUpgradeHelper:v2.0.1'

}數據庫

greendao {
schemaVersion 1
daoPackage 'com.greendao.db
targetGenDir 'src/main/java'
}安全

     首先,新建datamodel包,用以包含DaoMaster、DaoSession、bean和beanDao等。br/>     而後新建Area實體類,代碼以下:
@Entity
public class Area {br/>@Id
private String AreaCode;
private String AreaName;
}
     最後,Build->Make Module 'app',便可自動生成DaoMaster、DaoSession、Area和AreaDao。此時Area實體類的代碼以下:br/>@Entity
public class Area {br/>@Id
private String AreaCode;
private String AreaName;
@Generated(hash = 262290694)
public Area(String AreaCode, String AreaName) {
this.AreaCode = AreaCode;
this.AreaName = AreaName;
}
@Generated(hash = 179626505)
public Area() {
}
public String getAreaCode() {
return this.AreaCode;
}
public void setAreaCode(String AreaCode) {
this.AreaCode = AreaCode;
}
public String getAreaName() {
return this.AreaName;
}
public void setAreaName(String AreaName) {
this.AreaName = AreaName;
}
}
     添加其餘實體類的方法與Area同樣。須要注意的是,不要手動修改DaoMaster、DaoSession、bean和beanDao的代碼,由於每一次編譯項目,都會從新生成一次DaoMaster、DaoSession、bean和beanDao。若是修改的話,就會被覆蓋掉。
     爲了便於數據的讀取和添加,新建GreenDaoHelper輔助類,代碼以下:
public class GreenDaoHelper extends Application {
private GreenDaoHelper Instance;
private static DaoMaster daoMaster;
private static DaoSession daoSession;session

public GreenDaoHelper getInstance() {
    if (Instance == null) {
        Instance = this;
    }
    return Instance;
}

/**
* 獲取DaoMaster
*
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static DaoMaster getDaoMaster(Context context) {
    if (daoMaster == null) {
        try{
            DaoMaster.OpenHelper helper = new DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper(context,"test.db",null);
            daoMaster = new DaoMaster(helper.getWritableDatabase()); //獲取未加密的數據庫
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    return daoMaster;
}

/**
* 獲取DaoSession對象
*
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static DaoSession getDaoSession(Context context) {

    if (daoSession == null) {
        if (daoMaster == null) {
            getDaoMaster(context);
        }
        daoSession = daoMaster.newSession();
    }
    return daoSession;
}

}
      在讀寫數據庫以前,要添加讀寫權限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
     在MainActivity.java中添加讀寫代碼:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {app

private TextView textview;
private DaoSession session;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    textview=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textview);

    session = GreenDaoHelper.getDaoSession(this);
    session.getAreaDao().deleteAll();//清空全部記錄

    //添加記錄
    Area area = new Area("01","北京");
    Area area1 = new Area("02","天津");
    session.getAreaDao().insert(area);
    session.getAreaDao().insert(area1);

    //查詢記錄
    StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
    List<Area> areas = session.getAreaDao().loadAll();
    for (int i = 0,n = areas.size();i<n;++i){
        stringBuilder.append("地區編碼:").append(areas.get(i).getAreaCode())
                .append(",地區名稱:").append(areas.get(i).getAreaName()).append("\n");
    }

    textview.setText(stringBuilder);
}

}
     運行結果以下圖所示:maven

     
修改數據庫文件路徑:
     默認狀況下,新建立的數據存儲在data的包名目錄下,設備若是不root的話,是沒法查看SQLite數據庫文件的。而實際應用中,咱們每每須要copy數據庫,或借用第三方工具查閱或編輯數據庫內容。此時咱們能夠經過重寫Context的getDatabasePath(String name)、openOrCreateDatabase(String name, int mode, CursorFactory factory)、openOrCreateDatabase(String name, int mode, CursorFactory factory, DatabaseErrorHandler errorHandler)等三個方法來修改SQLite文件的存儲路徑。

public class GreenDaoHelper extends Application {
private GreenDaoHelper Instance;
private static DaoMaster daoMaster;
private static DaoSession daoSession;

public GreenDaoHelper getInstance() {
    if (Instance == null) {
        Instance = this;
    }
    return Instance;
}

/**
* 獲取DaoMaster
*
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static DaoMaster getDaoMaster(Context context) {

    if (daoMaster == null) {

        try{
            ContextWrapper wrapper = new ContextWrapper(context) {
            /**
            * 得到數據庫路徑,若是不存在,則建立對象對象
            *
            * @param name
            */
            @Override
            public File getDatabasePath(String name) {
                // 判斷是否存在sd卡
                boolean sdExist = android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageState());
                if (!sdExist) {// 若是不存在,
                    Log.e("SD卡管理:", "SD卡不存在,請加載SD卡");
                    return null;
                } else {// 若是存在
                    // 獲取sd卡路徑
                    String dbDir = android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
                    dbDir += "/Android";// 數據庫所在目錄
                    String dbPath = dbDir + "/" + name;// 數據庫路徑
                    // 判斷目錄是否存在,不存在則建立該目錄
                    File dirFile = new File(dbDir);
                    if (!dirFile.exists())
                        dirFile.mkdirs();

                    // 數據庫文件是否建立成功
                    boolean isFileCreateSuccess = false;
                    // 判斷文件是否存在,不存在則建立該文件
                    File dbFile = new File(dbPath);
                    if (!dbFile.exists()) {
                        try {
                            isFileCreateSuccess = dbFile.createNewFile();// 建立文件
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    } else
                        isFileCreateSuccess = true;
                    // 返回數據庫文件對象
                    if (isFileCreateSuccess)
                        return dbFile;
                    else
                        return super.getDatabasePath(name);
                }
            }

            /**
            * 重載這個方法,是用來打開SD卡上的數據庫的,android 2.3及如下會調用這個方法。
            *
            * @param name
            * @param mode
            * @param factory
            */
            @Override
            public SQLiteDatabase openOrCreateDatabase(String name, int mode, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory) {
                return SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(getDatabasePath(name), null);
            }

            /**
            * Android 4.0會調用此方法獲取數據庫。
            *
            * @see android.content.ContextWrapper#openOrCreateDatabase(java.lang.String,
            *      int,
            *      android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory,
            *      android.database.DatabaseErrorHandler)
            * @param name
            * @param mode
            * @param factory
            * @param errorHandler
            */
            @Override
            public SQLiteDatabase openOrCreateDatabase(String name, int mode, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory, DatabaseErrorHandler errorHandler) {
                return SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(getDatabasePath(name), null);
            }
            };
            DaoMaster.OpenHelper helper = new DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper(wrapper,"test.db",null);
            daoMaster = new DaoMaster(helper.getWritableDatabase()); //獲取未加密的數據庫
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    return daoMaster;
}

/**
* 獲取DaoSession對象
*
* @param context
* @return
*/
public static DaoSession getDaoSession(Context context) {

    if (daoSession == null) {
        if (daoMaster == null) {
            getDaoMaster(context);
        }
        daoSession = daoMaster.newSession();
    }

    return daoSession;
}

}
     

版本升級更新
好比須要在實體類加一個字段 或者 改變字段屬性等 就須要版本更新來保存之前的數據了;

public class Helper extends DaoMaster.OpenHelper{

private static DaoMaster daoMaster;
private static DaoSession daoSession;

public static final String DBNAME = "greendao.db";

public Helper(Context context){
    super(context,DBNAME,null);
}

@Override
public void onUpgrade(Database db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
    super.onUpgrade(db, oldVersion, newVersion);
    Log.i("version", oldVersion + "---先前和更新以後的版本---" + newVersion);
    if (oldVersion < newVersion) {
        Log.i("version", oldVersion + "---先前和更新以後的版本---" + newVersion);
        MigrationHelper.getInstance().migrate(db, UserDao.class);
        //更改過的實體類(新增的不用加)   更新UserDao文件 能夠添加多個  XXDao.class 文件

// MigrationHelper.getInstance().migrate(db, UserDao.class,XXDao.class);
}
}

/**
 * 取得DaoMaster
 *
 * @param context
 * @return
 */
public static DaoMaster getDaoMaster(Context context) {
    if (daoMaster == null) {
        DaoMaster.OpenHelper helper = new DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper(context,
                DBNAME, null);
        daoMaster = new DaoMaster(helper.getWritableDatabase());
    }
    return daoMaster;
}

/**
 * 取得DaoSession
 *
 * @param context
 * @return
 */
public static DaoSession getDaoSession(Context context) {
    if (daoSession == null) {
        if (daoMaster == null) {
            daoMaster = getDaoMaster(context);
        }
        daoSession = daoMaster.newSession();
    }
    return daoSession;
}

}

public class GreenApplication extends Application {
private DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper mHelper;
//private Helper mHelper;
private SQLiteDatabase db;
private DaoMaster mDaoMaster;
private DaoSession mDaoSession;
public static GreenApplication instances;
@Override public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
instances = this;
setDatabase();
}
public static GreenApplication getInstances(){
return instances;
}

/**

  • 設置greenDao
    */
    private void setDatabase() {
    // 經過 DaoMaster 的內部類 DevOpenHelper,你能夠獲得一個便利的 SQLiteOpenHelper 對象。
    // 可能你已經注意到了,你並不須要去編寫「CREATE TABLE」這樣的 SQL 語句,由於 greenDAO 已經幫你作了。
    // 注意:默認的 DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper 會在數據庫升級時,刪除全部的表,意味着這將致使數據的丟失。
    // 因此,在正式的項目中,你還應該作一層封裝,來實現數據庫的安全升級。
       mHelper = new Helper(new GreenDaoUtils(this));

  //mHelper = new DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper(this, "notes-db", null);db = mHelper.getWritableDatabase();// 注意:該數據庫鏈接屬於 DaoMaster,因此多個 Session 指的是相同的數據庫鏈接。 mDaoMaster = new DaoMaster(db); mDaoSession = mDaoMaster.newSession();}public DaoSession getDaoSession() {return mDaoSession;}public SQLiteDatabase getDb() {return db;}}

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