Kong是一個clould-native、快速的、可擴展的、分佈式的微服務抽象層(也稱爲API網關、API中間件或在某些狀況下稱爲服務網格)框架。更確切地說,Kong是一個在Nginx中運行的Lua應用程序,而且能夠經過lua-nginx模塊實現。Kong不是用這個模塊編譯Nginx,而是與OpenResty一塊兒發佈,OpenResty已經包含了lua-nginx-module。OpenResty 不是 Nginx的分支,而是一組擴展其功能的模塊。html
這爲可插拔架構奠基了基礎,能夠在運行時啓用和執行Lua腳本(稱爲「插件」)。所以,咱們認爲Kong是微服務架構的典範:它的核心是實現數據庫抽象,路由和插件管理。插件能夠存在於單獨的代碼庫中,而且能夠在幾行代碼中注入到請求生命週期的任何位置。Kong做爲開源項目在2015年推出,它的核心價值是高性能和可擴展性。前端
Kong被普遍用於從初創企業到全球5000家公司以及政府組織的生產環境中。node
若是構建Web、移動或IoT(物聯網)應用,可能最終須要使用通用的功能來實現這些應用。Kong充當微服務請求的網關(或側車),經過插件可以提供負載平衡、日誌記錄、身份驗證、速率限制、轉換等能力。mysql
一個service能夠建立多個routes,routes就至關於前端配置,能夠隱藏業務真正的接口地址,service指定後端真實的轉發接口地址,在kong上進行認證/鑑權/日誌/分析/監控等控制。linux
Kong部署在Nginx和Apache Cassandra或PostgreSQL等可靠技術之上,並提供了易於使用的RESTful API來操做和配置系統。下面是Kong的技術邏輯圖。基於這些技術,Kong提供相關的特性支持:nginx
sudo yum update -y sudo yum install -y wget wget https://bintray.com/kong/kong-rpm/rpm -O bintray-kong-kong-rpm.repo export major_version=`grep -oE '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' /etc/redhat-release | cut -d "." -f1` sed -i -e 's/baseurl.*/&\/centos\/'$major_version''/ bintray-kong-kong-rpm.repo sudo mv bintray-kong-kong-rpm.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/ sudo yum update -y sudo yum install -y kong
Kong支持PostgreSQL v9.5+和Cassandra 3.x.x做爲數據存儲。git
按照文檔安裝PostgreSQL v11: https://www.postgresql.org/download/linux/redhat/github
# 安裝PostgreSQL v11 yum install -y https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-centos11-11-2.noarch.rpm yum install -y postgresql11 postgresql11-server # 自啓 /usr/pgsql-11/bin/postgresql-11-setup initdb systemctl enable postgresql-11 systemctl start postgresql-11
# 登陸psql sudo su postgres psql # 建立數據庫,官方默認無密碼,此處我使用密碼 # CREATE USER kong; CREATE DATABASE kong OWNER kong; CREATE USER kong with password 'kong'; CREATE DATABASE kong OWNER kong; grant all privileges on database kong to kong; # 這裏可能會報鏈接錯誤 # psql: 致命錯誤: 對用戶"kong"的對等認證失敗 sudo find / -name pg_hba.conf /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf # 修改安全配置 vim /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf # METHOD指定如何處理客戶端的認證。經常使用的有ident,md5,password,trust,reject # ident是Linux下PostgreSQL默認的local認證方式,凡是能正確登陸服務器的操做系統用戶(注:不是數據庫用戶)就能使用本用戶映射的數據庫用戶不需密碼登陸數據庫。 # md5是經常使用的密碼認證方式,若是你不使用ident,最好使用md5。密碼是以md5形式傳送給數據庫,較安全,且不需創建同名的操做系統用戶。 # password是以明文密碼傳送給數據庫,建議不要在生產環境中使用。 # trust是隻要知道數據庫用戶名就不須要密碼或ident就能登陸,建議不要在生產環境中使用。 # reject是拒絕認證。 # "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only local all all md5 # IPv4 local connections: host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5 # IPv6 local connections: host all all ::1/128 md5 # 將peer改成md5() # "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only local all all md5 # IPv4 local connections: host all all 127.0.0.1/32 ident # IPv6 local connections: host all all ::1/128 ident # 重啓psql systemctl restart postgresql-11 # 登陸postgre psql -U kong # 輸入密碼 # 查看幫助 \h # 退出 \q
# 這裏須要提早配置kong配置文件,默認/etc/kong/kong.conf.default cp /etc/kong/kong.conf.default /etc/kong/kong.conf # 修改裏面的數據庫配置,寫入用戶、密碼、數據庫、端口等信息 vim /etc/kong/kong.conf [root@kong-server software]# egrep -v "^#|^$|^[[:space:]]+#" /etc/kong/kong.conf database = postgres # Determines which of PostgreSQL or Cassandra pg_host = 127.0.0.1 # Host of the Postgres server. pg_port = 5432 # Port of the Postgres server. pg_timeout = 5000 # Defines the timeout (in ms), for connecting, pg_user = kong # Postgres user. pg_password = kong # Postgres user's password. pg_database = kong # The database name to connect to. # Kong migrations kong migrations bootstrap [-c /path/to/kong.conf] [root@kong-server software]# kong migrations bootstrap -c /etc/kong/kong.conf Bootstrapping database... migrating core on database 'kong'... core migrated up to: 000_base (executed) core migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed) core migrated up to: 002_15_to_1 (executed) core migrated up to: 003_100_to_110 (executed) core migrated up to: 004_110_to_120 (executed) core migrated up to: 005_120_to_130 (executed) migrating hmac-auth on database 'kong'... hmac-auth migrated up to: 000_base_hmac_auth (executed) hmac-auth migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed) migrating oauth2 on database 'kong'... oauth2 migrated up to: 000_base_oauth2 (executed) oauth2 migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed) oauth2 migrated up to: 002_15_to_10 (executed) migrating jwt on database 'kong'... jwt migrated up to: 000_base_jwt (executed) jwt migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed) migrating basic-auth on database 'kong'... basic-auth migrated up to: 000_base_basic_auth (executed) basic-auth migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed) migrating key-auth on database 'kong'... key-auth migrated up to: 000_base_key_auth (executed) key-auth migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed) migrating rate-limiting on database 'kong'... rate-limiting migrated up to: 000_base_rate_limiting (executed) rate-limiting migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed) rate-limiting migrated up to: 002_15_to_10 (executed) rate-limiting migrated up to: 003_10_to_112 (executed) migrating acl on database 'kong'... acl migrated up to: 000_base_acl (executed) acl migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed) migrating response-ratelimiting on database 'kong'... response-ratelimiting migrated up to: 000_base_response_rate_limiting (executed) response-ratelimiting migrated up to: 001_14_to_15 (executed) response-ratelimiting migrated up to: 002_15_to_10 (executed) migrating session on database 'kong'... session migrated up to: 000_base_session (executed) 27 migrations processed 27 executed Database is up-to-date
在無數據庫模式配置Kong,一旦Kong啓動,訪問Admin API的/
根端點已驗證它是否在沒有數據庫的狀況下運行。web
# Setting Up Kong in DB-less mode 要在無數據庫模式下使用Kong,有兩種方式: 修改配置文件kong.conf vim /etc/kong/kong.conf # database = postgres database=off # 或 export KONG_DATABASE=off # 檢查配置,此命令將考慮您當前設置的環境變量,並在設置無效時報錯。此外,您還能夠在調試模式下使用CLI,以便更深刻地瞭解Kong的啓動屬性 kong start -c <kong.conf> --vv # 啓動kong kong start -c /etc/kong/kong.conf
kong start [-c /path/to/kong.conf] [root@kong-server software]# kong start -c /etc/kong/kong.conf Kong started [root@kong-server software]# kong health nginx.......running Kong is healthy at /usr/local/kong [root@kong-server software]# netstat -lntup Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8444 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 31050/nginx: master tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 31050/nginx: master tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8001 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 31050/nginx: master tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1453/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:5432 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 30638/postmaster tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 31050/nginx: master tcp6 0 0 ::1:5432 :::* LISTEN 30638/postmaster udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 780/dhclient udp 0 0 172.16.16.16:123 0.0.0.0:* 3006/ntpd udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:123 0.0.0.0:* 3006/ntpd udp6 0 0 fe80::5054:ff:fe94::123 :::* 3006/ntpd udp6 0 0 ::1:123 :::* 3006/ntpd [root@kong-server software]# curl http://localhost:8001 中止: kong stop 從新加載: kong reload
konga爲目前最早版本的kong的dashboard,因爲kong-dashboard目前爲更新適應新版本的kong,推薦使用kongaredis
konga帶來的一個最大的便利就是能夠很好地經過UI觀察到如今kong的全部的配置,而且能夠對於管理kong節點狀況進行查看、監控和預警,konga主要特性以下:
輕鬆的數據庫集成(MySQL,postgresSQL,MongoDB)
yum -y install git cd /data/software && wget https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/v10.16.2/node-v10.16.2-linux-x64.tar.xz tar -xf node-v10.16.2-linux-x64.tar.xz mv node-v10.16.2-linux-x64 node # 修改成root的權限 chown root.root node -R cat > /etc/profile.d/node.sh << EOF export PATH=\$PATH:/data/software/node/bin EOF source /etc/profile.d/node.sh node -v # 安裝插件 npm install -g glup npm install -g bower npm install -g sails npm install -g node-gyp npm install -g grunt-sass npm install -g node-sass npm run bower-deps npm install sails-postgresql
git clone https://github.com/pantsel/konga.git cd konga npm install konga #使用postgresql CREATE USER konga with password 'konga'; CREATE DATABASE konga OWNER konga; grant all privileges on database konga to konga;
cp config/local_example.js config/local.js # 配置默認數據庫 vi ./local.js models: { connection: process.env.DB_ADAPTER || 'localDiskDb', }, # 改爲 models: { connection: process.env.DB_ADAPTER || 'postgres', // 這裏能夠用‘mysql’,‘mongo’,‘sqlserver’,‘postgres’ }, # 保存 # 修改數據庫默認配置 vi connections.js postgres: { adapter: 'sails-postgresql', url: process.env.DB_URI, host: process.env.DB_HOST || 'localhost', user: process.env.DB_USER || 'konga', password: process.env.DB_PASSWORD || 'konga', port: process.env.DB_PORT || 5432, database: process.env.DB_DATABASE ||'konga', // schema: process.env.DB_PG_SCHEMA ||'public', poolSize: process.env.DB_POOLSIZE || 10, ssl: process.env.DB_SSL ? true : false // If set, assume it's true }, # 保存 # 啓動 cd ../ npm start # pm2 管理 npm install -g pm2 cd konga pm2 start app.js --name konga pm2 logs 0|konga | info: Sails <| .-..-. 0|konga | info: v0.12.14 |\ 0|konga | info: /|.\ 0|konga | info: / || \ 0|konga | info: ,' |' \ 0|konga | info: .-'.-==|/_--' 0|konga | info: `--'-------' 0|konga | info: __---___--___---___--___---___--___ 0|konga | info: ____---___--___---___--___---___--___-__ 0|konga | info: 0|konga | info: Server lifted in `/data/software/konga` 0|konga | info: To see your app, visit http://localhost:1338 0|konga | info: To shut down Sails, press <CTRL> + C at any time. 0|konga | 0|konga |
IP:1338,默認用戶:admin,密碼:adminadminadmin
配置連接kong, http://localhost:8001
1.您須要建立一個自定義網絡,以容許容器相互發現和通訊。在此示例中kong-net是網絡名稱,您可使用任何名稱。 docker network create kong-net 2.啓動數據庫PostgreSQL docker run -d --name kong-database --network=kong-net -p 5432:5432 -e "POSTGRES_USER=kong" -e "POSTGRES_DB=kong" -e "POSTGRES_PASSWORD=kong" postgres 3.準備數據庫 docker run --rm --network=kong-net -e "KONG_DATABASE=postgres" -e "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database" -e "KONG_CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS=kong-database" -e "KONG_PG_PASSWORD=kong" kong kong migrations bootstrap 4.啓動kong docker run -d --name kong --network=kong-net -e "KONG_DATABASE=postgres" -e "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database" -e "KONG_PG_PASSWORD=kong" -e "KONG_CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS=kong-database" -e "KONG_PROXY_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" -e "KONG_ADMIN_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" -e "KONG_PROXY_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" -e "KONG_ADMIN_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" -e "KONG_ADMIN_LISTEN=0.0.0.0:8001, 0.0.0.0:8444 ssl" -p 8000:8000 -p 8443:8443 -p 8001:8001 -p 8444:8444 kong 5.運行konga 注意DB_HOST爲本身的ip地址 docker run -d -p 1337:1337 --network kong-net -e "TOKEN_SECRET=mark666" -e "DB_ADAPTER=postgres" -e "DB_HOST=10.234.2.204" -e "DB_PORT=5432:5432" -e "DB_USER=kong" -e "DB_PASSWORD=kong" -e "DB_DATABASE=kong_database" --name konga pantsel/konga
docker network create kong-net
後續的應用及數據庫都使用這個虛擬網絡。
version: "3.7" services: kong: # 鏡像版本,目前最新 image: kong:1.1.2 environment: # 數據持久化方式,使用postgres數據庫 - "KONG_DATABASE=postgres" # 數據庫容器名稱,Kong鏈接數據時使用些名稱 - "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database" # 數據庫名稱 - "KONG_CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS=kong-database" # 日誌記錄目錄 - "KONG_PROXY_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" - "KONG_ADMIN_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" - "KONG_PROXY_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" - "KONG_ADMIN_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" # 暴露的端口 - "KONG_ADMIN_LISTEN=0.0.0.0:8001, 0.0.0.0:8444 ssl" ports: - 8000:8000 - 8443:8443 - 8001:8001 - 8444:8444 # 使用docker網絡 networks: - kong-net # 依賴數據庫服務 depends_on: - kong-database # kong 管理界面 konga: image: pantsel/konga environment: - "TOKEN_SECRET=51liveup.cn" - "NODE_ENV=production" ports: - 8080:1337 networks: - kong-net depends_on: - kong-database - # 數據庫服務 kong-database: image: postgres:9.6 ports: - "5432:5432" environment: # 訪問數據庫的用戶 - POSTGRES_USER=kong - POSTGRES_DB=kong networks: - kong-net volumes: # 同步時間 - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro # 數據庫持久化目錄 - /data/data/postgresql:/var/lib/postgresql/data networks: kong-net: external: true
使用docker-compose up 命令啓動服務。會發現啓動時報數據庫錯誤,這是由於kong 使用的postgres 數據還須要進行初始化才能使用。
docker run --rm \ --network=kong-net \ -e "KONG_DATABASE=postgres" \ -e "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database" \ -e "KONG_CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS=kong-database" \ kong:latest kong migrations bootstrap
必定要在建立數據庫容器以後,而且保持數據庫的Docker容器在運行狀態,再執行初始化數據庫,數據庫初始化成功後,再次使用docker-compose up -d 啓動服務就能夠了。
curl -i http://localhost:8001/
另外,也能夠安裝一個Kong的客戶端來驗證。在安裝有Docker引擎的操做系統上執行以下的命令:
1.0以後的kong-dashboard就已經不兼容了,建議使用konga
# 下載鏡像pgbi/kong-dashboard [root@master data]# docker run --rm -p 8080:8080 pgbi/kong-dashboard start --kong-url http://10.234.2.204:30493 --basic-auth admin=kong@anchnet.com Connecting to Kong on http://10.234.2.204:30493 ... What's on http://10.234.2.204:30493 isn't Kong [root@master data]# kubectl get svc |grep kong kong-kong-admin NodePort 10.104.75.151 <none> 8444:30493/TCP 52m kong-kong-proxy NodePort 10.99.141.23 <none> 80:30877/TCP,443:31201/TCP 52m kong-postgresql ClusterIP 10.109.249.105 <none> 5432/TCP 52m kong-postgresql-headless ClusterIP None <none> 5432/TCP 52m
經過docker安裝一個Kong-Dashboard,安裝完成後,經過瀏覽器訪問:
下表列示了Kong chart的配置參數和默認值:
參數 | 說明 | 默認值 |
---|---|---|
image.repository | Kong image | kong |
image.tag | Kong image version | 0.14.1 |
image.pullPolicy | Image pull policy | IfNotPresent |
image.pullSecrets | Image pull secrets | null |
replicaCount | Kong instance count | 1 |
admin.useTLS | Secure Admin traffic | true |
admin.servicePort | TCP port on which the Kong admin service is exposed | 8444 |
admin.containerPort | TCP port on which Kong app listens for admin traffic | 8444 |
admin.nodePort | Node port when service type is NodePort |
|
admin.type | k8s service type, Options: NodePort, ClusterIP, LoadBalancer | NodePort |
admin.loadBalancerIP | Will reuse an existing ingress static IP for the admin service | null |
admin.loadBalancerSourceRanges | Limit admin access to CIDRs if set and service type is LoadBalancer |
[] |
admin.ingress.enabled | Enable ingress resource creation (works with proxy.type=ClusterIP) | false |
admin.ingress.tls | Name of secret resource, containing TLS secret | |
admin.ingress.hosts | List of ingress hosts. | [] |
admin.ingress.path | Ingress path. | / |
admin.ingress.annotations | Ingress annotations. See documentation for your ingress controller for details | {} |
proxy.useTLS | Secure Proxy traffic | true |
proxy.servicePort | TCP port on which the Kong Proxy Service is exposed | 8443 |
proxy.containerPort | TCP port on which the Kong app listens for Proxy traffic | 8443 |
proxy.nodePort | Node port when service type is NodePort |
|
proxy.type | k8s service type. Options: NodePort, ClusterIP, LoadBalancer | NodePort |
proxy.loadBalancerSourceRanges | Limit proxy access to CIDRs if set and service type is LoadBalancer |
[] |
proxy.loadBalancerIP | To reuse an existing ingress static IP for the admin service | |
proxy.ingress.enabled | Enable ingress resource creation (works with proxy.type=ClusterIP) | false |
proxy.ingress.tls | Name of secret resource, containing TLS secret | |
proxy.ingress.hosts | List of ingress hosts. | [] |
proxy.ingress.path | Ingress path. | / |
proxy.ingress.annotations | Ingress annotations. See documentation for your ingress controller for details | {} |
env | Additional Kong configurations | |
runMigrations | Run Kong migrations job | true |
readinessProbe | Kong readiness probe | |
livenessProbe | Kong liveness probe | |
affinity | Node/pod affinities | |
nodeSelector | Node labels for pod assignment | {} |
podAnnotations | Annotations to add to each pod | {} |
resources | Pod resource requests & limits | {} |
tolerations | List of node taints to tolerate | [] |
啓用數據庫須要先安裝pvc
--- kind: PersistentVolumeClaim apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: data-kong-postgresql-0 spec: storageClassName: ceph-rdb accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce resources: requests: storage: 4Gi # 部署pvc [root@master data]# kubectl get pvc |grep api-gateway data-api-gateway-postgresql-0 Bound pvc-d280166c-c03d-11e9-a45a-facf8ddba000 8Gi RWO ceph-rdb 11s
helm fetch stable/kong --version 0.13.0 [root@master kong-deploy]# helm install -n api-gateway kong/ NAME: api-gateway LAST DEPLOYED: Fri Aug 16 23:53:37 2019 NAMESPACE: default STATUS: DEPLOYED RESOURCES: ==> v1/Job NAME COMPLETIONS DURATION AGE api-gateway-kong-init-migrations 0/1 0s 0s ==> v1/Pod(related) NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE api-gateway-kong-79f697ff7c-bcr7m 0/1 Init:0/1 0 0s api-gateway-kong-init-migrations-hxgd6 0/1 Init:0/1 0 0s api-gateway-postgresql-0 0/1 Init:0/1 0 0s ==> v1/Secret NAME TYPE DATA AGE api-gateway-postgresql Opaque 1 0s ==> v1/Service NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE api-gateway-kong-admin NodePort 10.100.226.67 <none> 8444:31466/TCP 0s api-gateway-kong-proxy NodePort 10.109.4.127 <none> 80:32287/TCP,443:32742/TCP 0s api-gateway-postgresql ClusterIP 10.102.197.253 <none> 5432/TCP 0s api-gateway-postgresql-headless ClusterIP None <none> 5432/TCP 0s ==> v1beta2/Deployment NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE api-gateway-kong 0/1 1 0 0s ==> v1beta2/StatefulSet NAME READY AGE api-gateway-postgresql 0/1 0s NOTES: 1. Kong Admin can be accessed inside the cluster using: DNS=api-gateway-kong-admin.default.svc.cluster.local PORT=8444 To connect from outside the K8s cluster: HOST=$(kubectl get nodes --namespace default -o jsonpath='{.items[0].status.addresses[0].address}') PORT=$(kubectl get svc --namespace default api-gateway-kong-admin -o jsonpath='{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}') 2. Kong Proxy can be accessed inside the cluster using: DNS=api-gateway-kong-proxy.default.svc.cluster.localPORT=443To connect from outside the K8s cluster: HOST=$(kubectl get nodes --namespace default -o jsonpath='{.items[0].status.addresses[0].address}') PORT=$(kubectl get svc --namespace default api-gateway-kong-proxy -o jsonpath='{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}')
經過執行下面的命令,進入Kong的容器:
[root@master kong-deploy]# kubectl exec -it api-gateway-kong-79f697ff7c-bcr7m /bin/sh / # netstat -lntup Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8444 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - / # curl -k https://localhost:8444
並在kong中執行以下的命令:
curl -k http://localhost:8444
若是kong正常運行的話,應該會返回一些內容。
[root@master ~]# kubectl get all |grep api-gateway pod/api-gateway-kong-8cf4ddcbf-qb87c 1/1 Running 0 15h pod/api-gateway-kong-init-migrations-fsfqb 0/1 Completed 0 15h pod/api-gateway-postgresql-0 1/1 Running 0 15h service/api-gateway-kong-admin NodePort 10.103.90.21 <none> 8444:30840/TCP 15h service/api-gateway-kong-proxy NodePort 10.96.32.21 <none> 80:32582/TCP,443:31941/TCP 15h service/api-gateway-postgresql ClusterIP 10.109.28.2 <none> 5432/TCP 15h service/api-gateway-postgresql-headless ClusterIP None <none> 5432/TCP 15h deployment.apps/api-gateway-kong 1/1 1 1 15h replicaset.apps/api-gateway-kong-8cf4ddcbf 1 1 1 15h statefulset.apps/api-gateway-postgresql 1/1 15h job.batch/api-gateway-kong-init-migrations 1/1 51s 15h
經過瀏覽器查看
{ "plugins": { "enabled_in_cluster": [], "available_on_server": { "correlation-id": true, "pre-function": true, "cors": true, "ldap-auth": true, "loggly": true, "hmac-auth": true, "zipkin": true, "request-size-limiting": true, "azure-functions": true, "request-transformer": true, "oauth2": true, "response-transformer": true, "ip-restriction": true, "statsd": true, "jwt": true, "proxy-cache": true, "basic-auth": true, "key-auth": true, "http-log": true, "datadog": true, "tcp-log": true, "post-function": true, "prometheus": true, "acl": true, "kubernetes-sidecar-injector": true, "syslog": true, "file-log": true, "udp-log": true, "response-ratelimiting": true, "aws-lambda": true, "bot-detection": true, "rate-limiting": true, "request-termination": true } }, "tagline": "Welcome to kong", "configuration": { "error_default_type": "text/plain", "admin_listen": [ "0.0.0.0:8444 ssl" ], "proxy_access_log": "/dev/stdout", "trusted_ips": {}, "prefix": "/usr/local/kong", "loaded_plugins": { "correlation-id": true, "pre-function": true, "cors": true, "rate-limiting": true, "loggly": true, "hmac-auth": true, "zipkin": true, "bot-detection": true, "azure-functions": true, "request-transformer": true, "oauth2": true, "response-transformer": true, "syslog": true, "statsd": true, "jwt": true, "proxy-cache": true, "basic-auth": true, "key-auth": true, "http-log": true, "datadog": true, "tcp-log": true, "post-function": true, "ldap-auth": true, "acl": true, "kubernetes-sidecar-injector": true, "ip-restriction": true, "file-log": true, "udp-log": true, "response-ratelimiting": true, "aws-lambda": true, "prometheus": true, "request-size-limiting": true, "request-termination": true }, "cassandra_username": "kong", "ssl_cert_key": "/usr/local/kong/ssl/kong-default.key", "admin_ssl_cert_key": "/usr/local/kong/ssl/admin-kong-default.key", "dns_resolver": {}, "pg_user": "kong", "pg_password": "******", "cassandra_data_centers": [ "dc1:2", "dc2:3" ], "nginx_admin_directives": {}, "nginx_http_directives": [ { "value": "prometheus_metrics 5m", "name": "lua_shared_dict" } ], "pg_host": "api-gateway-postgresql", "nginx_acc_logs": "/usr/local/kong/logs/access.log", "pg_semaphore_timeout": 60000, "proxy_listen": [ "0.0.0.0:8000", "0.0.0.0:8443 ssl" ], "client_ssl_cert_default": "/usr/local/kong/ssl/kong-default.crt", "cassandra_ssl": false, "db_update_frequency": 5, "db_update_propagation": 0, "stream_listen": [ "off" ], "nginx_err_logs": "/usr/local/kong/logs/error.log", "cassandra_port": 9042, "dns_order": [ "LAST", "SRV", "A", "CNAME" ], "dns_error_ttl": 1, "headers": [ "server_tokens", "latency_tokens" ], "cassandra_lb_policy": "RequestRoundRobin", "nginx_optimizations": true, "pg_timeout": 5000, "database": "postgres", "pg_database": "kong", "nginx_worker_processes": "auto", "lua_package_cpath": "", "admin_ssl_cert": "/usr/local/kong/ssl/admin-kong-default.crt", "admin_acc_logs": "/usr/local/kong/logs/admin_access.log", "real_ip_header": "X-Real-IP", "ssl_cert_key_default": "/usr/local/kong/ssl/kong-default.key", "lua_package_path": "./?.lua;./?/init.lua;", "nginx_pid": "/usr/local/kong/pids/nginx.pid", "upstream_keepalive": 60, "nginx_conf": "/usr/local/kong/nginx.conf", "router_consistency": "strict", "dns_no_sync": false, "origins": {}, "admin_access_log": "/dev/stdout", "admin_ssl_cert_default": "/usr/local/kong/ssl/admin-kong-default.crt", "client_ssl": false, "proxy_listeners": [ { "transparent": false, "ssl": false, "ip": "0.0.0.0", "proxy_protocol": false, "port": 8000, "http2": false, "listener": "0.0.0.0:8000" }, { "transparent": false, "ssl": true, "ip": "0.0.0.0", "proxy_protocol": false, "port": 8443, "http2": false, "listener": "0.0.0.0:8443 ssl" } ], "proxy_ssl_enabled": true, "stream_listeners": {}, "db_cache_warmup_entities": [ "services", "plugins" ], "enabled_headers": { "latency_tokens": true, "X-Kong-Proxy-Latency": true, "Via": true, "server_tokens": true, "Server": true, "X-Kong-Upstream-Latency": true, "X-Kong-Upstream-Status": false }, "plugins": [ "bundled" ], "ssl_ciphers": "ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256", "db_resurrect_ttl": 30, "nginx_proxy_directives": {}, "cassandra_consistency": "ONE", "client_max_body_size": "0", "admin_error_log": "/dev/stderr", "pg_ssl_verify": false, "dns_not_found_ttl": 30, "pg_ssl": false, "lua_ssl_verify_depth": 1, "ssl_cipher_suite": "modern", "cassandra_repl_strategy": "SimpleStrategy", "proxy_error_log": "/dev/stderr", "kong_env": "/usr/local/kong/.kong_env", "db_cache_ttl": 0, "pg_max_concurrent_queries": 0, "nginx_kong_conf": "/usr/local/kong/nginx-kong.conf", "cassandra_schema_consensus_timeout": 10000, "dns_hostsfile": "/etc/hosts", "admin_listeners": [ { "transparent": false, "ssl": true, "ip": "0.0.0.0", "proxy_protocol": false, "port": 8444, "http2": false, "listener": "0.0.0.0:8444 ssl" } ], "dns_stale_ttl": 4, "ssl_cert": "/usr/local/kong/ssl/kong-default.crt", "cassandra_timeout": 5000, "admin_ssl_cert_key_default": "/usr/local/kong/ssl/admin-kong-default.key", "cassandra_ssl_verify": false, "mem_cache_size": "128m", "log_level": "notice", "real_ip_recursive": "off", "cassandra_repl_factor": 1, "client_ssl_cert_key_default": "/usr/local/kong/ssl/kong-default.key", "nginx_daemon": "off", "anonymous_reports": true, "nginx_sproxy_directives": {}, "nginx_stream_directives": {}, "pg_port": 5432, "nginx_kong_stream_conf": "/usr/local/kong/nginx-kong-stream.conf", "client_body_buffer_size": "8k", "ssl_preread_enabled": true, "ssl_cert_csr_default": "/usr/local/kong/ssl/kong-default.csr", "cassandra_contact_points": [ "127.0.0.1" ], "cassandra_keyspace": "kong", "ssl_cert_default": "/usr/local/kong/ssl/kong-default.crt", "lua_socket_pool_size": 30, "admin_ssl_enabled": true }, "version": "1.2.2", "node_id": "cc0f6fa7-3c2c-44f8-a523-8f9e53d7e41e", "lua_version": "LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3", "prng_seeds": { "pid: 36": 195221171165, "pid: 35": 148625059221, "pid: 39": 191125165965, "pid: 1": 173981549072, "pid: 34": 137193103112, "pid: 38": 175366916141, "pid: 37": 192138146579, "pid: 32": 214162161921, "pid: 33": 152108231211 }, "timers": { "pending": 6, "running": 0 }, "hostname": "api-gateway-kong-79f697ff7c-bcr7m" }
curl -i -k -X POST \ --url https://10.234.2.204:30840/services/ \ --data 'name=baidu-service' \ --data 'url=https://www.baidu.com/'
curl -ik -X POST \ --url https://10.234.2.204:30840/services/baidu-service/routes \ --data 'hosts[]=baidu.com' \ --data 'paths[]=/api/baidu'
#訪問proxy curl -k http://10.234.2.204:32582/api/baidu --header 'Host: baidu.com'
提供的CLI(命令行界面Command Line Interface)容許啓動,中止和管理Kong實例。CLI能夠管理本地節點(如在當前計算機上)。
--help:打印此命令的幫助信息 --v:啓用詳細模式 --vv:啓用調試模式(不少輸出)
kong check <conf> #檢查給定Kong配置文件的有效性。 kong health [OPTIONS] #驗證Kong 的服務組件是否正常運行
kong migrations COMMAND [OPTIONS] 可用的命令以下: bootstrap 引導數據庫並運行所有遷移(初始化)。 up 運行新遷移。 finish 完成正在等待中的遷移命令,在執行`up`後。 list 列出已執行的遷移。 reset 重置數據庫。 Options(可選): -y,--yes 假設提示「yes」,並運行非交互模式 -q,--quiet 忽略全部輸出 -f,--force 依舊執行遷移,即便數據庫報告已經執行過了。 --db-timeout (default 60) 超時時間,以秒爲單位,全部數據庫操做通用(包括Cassandra的schema consensus)。 --lock-timeout (default 60) 超時時間,以秒爲單位, 節點等待領導節點遷移完成。 -c,--conf (optional string) 配置文件。
kong quit [OPTIONS] #優雅地退出一個正在運行的Kong節點(Nginx和其餘節點)在給定的前綴目錄中配置的服務。 kong reload [OPTIONS] #從新加載Kong節點(並啓動其餘已配置的服務)在給定的前綴目錄中。 kong restart [OPTIONS] #從新啓動Kong節點(以及其餘配置的服務,如Serf)在給定的前綴目錄中。
更詳細的CLI參數可參考:CLI Reference
配置一個訪問 www.baidu.com/ 的接口API,實際使用時會對接後端的業務數據接口地址。
路由定義了匹配客戶端請求的規則,每個路由關聯一個 Service,每個 Service 有可能被多個路由關聯,每個匹配到指定的路由請求將被代理到它關聯的 Service 上,參見Kong Admin Api Route Object。
kong admin接口
GET /routers/ #列出全部路由 GET /services/ #列出全部服務 GET /consumers/ #列出全部用戶 GET /services/{service name or id}/routes #列出服務關聯的路由 GET /plugins/ #列出全部的插件配置 GET /plugins/enabled #列出全部可使用的插件 GET /plugins/schema/{plugin name} #得到插件的配置模版 GET /certificates/ #列出全部的證書 GET /snis/ #列出全部域名與證書的對應 GET /upstreams/ #列出全部的upstream GET /upstreams/{name or id}/health/ #查看upstream的健康狀態 GET /upstreams/{name or id}/targets/all #列出upstream中全部的target
服務是上游服務的抽象,能夠是一個應用,或者具體某個接口。
curl -i -X POST \ --url http://134.175.74.48:8001/services/ \ --data 'name=baidu-service' \ --data 'url=https://www.baidu.com/'
在剛纔建立的baidu-service的服務上建立路由
curl -i -X POST \ --url http://134.175.74.48:8001/services/baidu-service/routes \ --data 'hosts[]=baidu.com' \ --data 'paths[]=/api/baidu'
這時候訪問kong的proxy地址
時,若是host爲baidu.com,請求被轉發到
http://baidu.com
curl http://134.175.74.48:8000/api/baidu --header 'Host: baidu.com'
測試post
利用konga web界面操做更爲方便。
插件是用來擴展API的,例如爲API添加認證、設置ACL、限制速率等、集成oauth、ldap等。
上面的配置,只要知道Router的地址,就能夠訪問獲取數據,咱們要把API加入身份認證。若是API面對不是具體用戶,而是其餘的系統,可使用JWT來進行系統間身份認證,使用Kong JWT插件就可能完成這功能。JWT 插件要在對應的Router上進行啓用。
curl -X POST http://134.175.74.48:8001/routes/8e6a1982-5dee-492c-8fe0-c046ebae573c/plugins \ --data "name=jwt"
fee36521-e549-410f-8986-9fbba02219c1 是建立的service的ID。
這時再經過Postman 訪問上面的接口就會提示:
{ "message": "Unauthorized" }
curl -i -X POST \ --url http://134.175.74.48:8001/consumers/ \ --data "username=kongauser1"
curl -i -X POST \ --url http://134.175.74.48:8001/consumers/kongauser1/jwt \ --header "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
返回憑證信息,也能夠經過 get 方法查詢憑證信息
{ "rsa_public_key": null, "created_at": 1560723665, "consumer": { "id": "8bb94f49-22a6-4d77-9a64-21f13adc0342" }, "id": "a110d234-6dc1-4443-9da2-21acddc66e09", "algorithm": "HS256", "secret": "lCe8Lbb7F0KtLccaBcBnOvYg76V7wmQx", "key": "7yQoUdF0aFUC9N593uLQLbqL7RSPj2qM" }
使用key和secret在 jwt.io/ 能夠生成jwt 憑證信息.
再經過postman 訪問,就能夠看到數據了。
JWT插件能夠保護API可以被受信用戶訪問,但不能區別哪一個用戶可以訪問哪一個API,即接口權限問題,咱們使用ACL 插件解決這個問題.
在上面定義好的路由上啓用acl 插件,指定白名單,
curl -i -X POST \ --url http://134.175.74.48:8001/routes/afb8bfbd-977e-464f-8c94-05d6c5c98429/plugins \ --data "name=acl" \ --data "config.whitelist=go2cloud-api-group"
此時再訪問api,會提示不能訪問這個服務。
{ "message": "You cannot consume this service" }
只需將kongauser1這個用戶關聯到白名單內的go2cloud-api-group組裏便可。
curl -i -X POST \ --url http://134.175.74.48:8001/consumers/tianqiuser/acls \ --data "group=tianqi"
再次訪問接口,能正常返回數據。
如今就能夠對網關暴露的接口進行身份認證和權限控制了。
curl -i -X POST \ --url http://134.175.74.48:8001/services/go2cloud-api/plugins/ \ --data 'name=key-auth'
獲取到的結果爲:
{ "created_at": 1566027525, "config": { "key_names": [ "apikey" ], "run_on_preflight": true, "anonymous": null, "hide_credentials": false, "key_in_body": false }, "id": "9be2def2-df65-41a4-97b7-52e44b207427", "service": { "id": "ceb337a3-a6e0-4520-ba7a-f61403e36dcf" }, "name": "key-auth", "protocols": [ "grpc", "grpcs", "http", "https" ], "enabled": true, "run_on": "first", "consumer": null, "route": null, "tags": null }
curl -i -X POST \ --url http://localhost:8001/consumers/ \ --data "username=Jason" curl -i -X POST \ --url http://localhost:8001/consumers/Jason/key-auth/ \ --data 'key=123456'
顧名思義,用來設置接口IP的黑白名單
將調用方的IP地址加入到白名單中,能夠正常訪問。
定義每秒/分鐘/小時/天/月/年能夠發送的請求數量
限制能夠根據服務或路由/ip地址/證書
策略能夠利用本地,集羣或redis
例如配置限制天天只能調用10次
request-size-limiting 請求payload size限制
request-termination 這容許(暫時)阻止API或消費者
此處只簡單列舉幾個插件,更詳細的插件請查看,
測試在k8s中目前尚未將konga作成helm部署,後期能夠本身將起作成charts方便在k8s中圖形化管理。