轉載-企業環境下MySQL5.5調優

時間 2019-12-07

原文原文鏈接

轉載-企業環境下MySQL5.5調優

參照騰訊雲和ucloud my.cnf 以及網上找的資料
整理出來的 my.cnf , 之後修改任何參數都會繼續更新，目前是在測試階段;
物理機： ubuntu14.04 配置 8core 32G
mysql ： 5.5.62html

調優配置以下：

[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld_safe]
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

[mysqld]
user            = mysql
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port            = 3306
basedir         = /usr
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir          = /tmp
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
skip-external-locking


key_buffer             = 256M
max_allowed_packet     = 1073741824
thread_stack           = 512K
thread_cache_size      = 50
max_connections        = 5000
max_connect_errors     = 1000000
table_cache            = 4096
max_heap_table_size    = 128M
open_files_limit       = 102400
back_log               = 2000
thread_concurrency     = 20

sort_buffer_size       = 524288
ft_min_word_len        = 4
query_cache_size       = 0


log_error                          = /var/log/mysql/error.log
log_slow_queries                   = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time                    = 3

server-id                          = 1
log_bin                            = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
expire_logs_days                   = 2

tmp_table_size                     = 4294967295

#default_table_type                = InnoDB

#loose-skip-bdb
default-storage-engine             =InnoDB
innodb_file_format=barracuda
#ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size    = 64M
innodb_buffer_pool_size            = 6G
innodb_data_file_path              = ibdata1:128M:autoextend
innodb_read_io_threads             = 8
innodb_write_io_threads            = 8
innodb_thread_concurrency          = 20
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit     = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size             = 8388608
innodb_log_file_size               = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group          = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct         = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout           = 120


[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet                 = 1073741824


[mysql]
default-character-set              = utf8

[isamchk]
key_buffer                         = 256M

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

附一些參數的簡單解釋

# The MySQL database server configuration file.
#
# You can copy this to one of:
# - "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" to set global options,
# - "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options.
# 
# One can use all long options that the program supports.
# Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with
# --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

# This will be passed to all mysql clients
# It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with ticks/quotes
# escpecially if they contain "#" chars...
# Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket location.
[client]
port        = 3306
socket      = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

# Here is entries for some specific programs
# The following values assume you have at least 32M ram

# This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are currently parsed.
[mysqld_safe]
socket      = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice        = 0
open-files-limit = 8192   #增長每一個進程的可打開文件數量
[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
user        = mysql
pid-file    = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket      = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port        = 3306
basedir     = /usr
datadir     = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir      = /tmp          #記錄msyql臨時文件
#back_log        = 300   
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
skip-external-locking    #容許外部文件級別的鎖. 打開文件鎖會對性能形成負面影響
#
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
#bind-address       = 0.0.0.0   #控制可鏈接數據庫的 客戶端
#
# * Fine Tuning
#
key_buffer      = 16M   #可變大 待查詢  用於索引塊緩衝區大小
max_allowed_packet  = 16M    
thread_stack        = 192K  #線程使用的堆大小. 此容量的內存在每次鏈接時被預留
thread_cache_size       = 8     #cache中保留多少線程用於重用
# This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed
# the first time they are touched
myisam-recover         = BACKUP
max_connections        = 100     #mysql 容許 同時會話的上限
max_connect_errors     = 30      #mysql 容許最大的錯誤鏈接上限
table_cache            = 64      #mysql全部線程打開表的數量 ，需對應的open_files_limit 容許
max_heap_table_size    = 128M    #獨立的內存表所容許的最大容量（防止意外建立一個超大的內存表致使用盡全部的內存資源）
open_files_limit       = 10240   #mysql容許打開最大文件數
back_log               = 300     #操做系統在監聽隊列中所保持的鏈接數

thread_concurrency     = 10      #應用程序給予線程系統一個提示在同一時間給予渴望被運行的線程的數量
#
# * Query Cache Configuration
#
sort_buffer_size        = 16M    #排序發生時每一個線程分配
join_buffer_size        = 16M    #當全聯合發生時,在每一個線程中分配
query_cache_limit   = 1M     #只有小於此設定值的結果纔會被緩衝
query_cache_size        = 16M    #查詢緩衝常被用來緩衝 SELECT 的結果而且在下一次一樣查詢的時候再也不執行直接返回結果
ft_min_word_len         = 8      #被全文檢索索引的最小的字長

#memlock                         #若是你的系統支持 memlock() 函數,你也許但願打開此選項用以讓運行中的mysql在在內存高度緊張的時候,數據在內存中保持鎖定而且防止可能被swapping out
#
# * Logging and Replication
#
# Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.
# Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.
# As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime!
#general_log_file        = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
#general_log             = 1
#
# Error log - should be very few entries.
#
#log                   #打開全查詢日誌. 全部的由服務器接收到的查詢 (甚至對於一個錯誤語法的查詢） 用於調試環境
#log_warnings          #將警告打印輸出到錯誤log文件
log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
# Here you can see queries with especially long duration
log_slow_queries    = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log   #開啓慢日誌
long_query_time         = 2                               #慢日誌時間界限
log_long_format                                           #在慢速日誌中記錄更多的信息 
#log-queries-not-using-indexes
#
# The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication.
# note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about
#       other settings you may need to change.
server-id       = 1                                   #主從id
log_bin         = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log        #開啓二進制
expire_logs_days    = 10
max_binlog_size         = 100M
binlog_cache_size       = 4M   #在一個事務中binlog 爲了記錄sql狀態所持有的cache大小
#binlog_do_db       = include_database_name
#binlog_ignore_db   = include_database_name
log_slave_updates        #主從日誌
#
# * InnoDB
#
# InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/.
# Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many!
default_table_type = MYISAM                #當建立新表時做爲默認使用的表類型, 
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ    #設定默認的事務隔離級別.可用的級別以下: READ-UNCOMMITTED, READ-COMMITTED, REPEATABLE-READ, SERIALIZABLE
tmp_table_size = 128M                      #內部(內存中)臨時表的最大大小


#
# * Security Features
#
# Read the manual, too, if you want chroot!
# chroot = /var/lib/mysql/
#
# For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca".
#
# ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem
# ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem
# ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem


# MyISAM 相關選項
#read_buffer_size = 8M                     #用來作MyISAM表全表掃描的緩衝大小
#read_rnd_buffer_size = 64M                #當在排序以後,從一個已經排序好的序列中讀取行時,行數據將從這個緩衝中讀取來防止磁盤尋道
#bulk_insert_buffer_size = 256M            #MyISAM 使用特殊的相似樹的cache來使得突發插入
#myisam_sort_buffer_size = 256M            #此緩衝當MySQL須要在 REPAIR, OPTIMIZE, ALTER 以及 LOAD DATA INFILE 到一個空表中引發重建索引時被分配.
#myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G           #MySQL重建索引時所容許的最大臨時文件的大小 (當 REPAIR, ALTER TABLE 或者 LOAD DATA INFILE).
#myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G     #若是被用來更快的索引建立索引所使用臨時文件大於制定的值,那就使用鍵值緩衝方法.
#myisam_repair_threads = 1                 #若是一個表擁有超過一個索引, MyISAM 能夠經過並行排序使用超過一個線程去修復他們
#myisam_recover                            #自動檢查和修復沒有適當關閉的 MyISAM 表


#INNODB 相關選項
#skip-innodb                               #若是你的MySQL服務包含InnoDB支持可是並不打算使用的話,
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 64M     #附加的內存池被InnoDB用來保存 metadata 信息
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 6G              #InnoDB使用一個緩衝池來保存索引和原始數據, 不像 MyISAM
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  #InnoDB 將數據保存在一個或者多個數據文件中成爲表空間
#innodb_data_home_dir =                          #設置此選項若是你但願InnoDB表空間文件被保存在其餘分區
#innodb_file_io_threads = 4                      #用來同步IO操做的IO線程的數量.
#innodb_force_recovery=1                         #若是你發現InnoDB表空間損壞, 設置此值爲一個非零值可能幫助你導出你的表
#innodb_thread_concurrency = 16                  #在InnoDb核心內的容許線程數量
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2              #若是設置爲1 ,InnoDB會在每次提交後刷新(fsync)事務日誌到磁盤上 若是是遊戲服務器，建議此值設置爲2；若是是對數據安全要求極高的應用，建議設置爲1
#innodb_fast_shutdown                            #加速InnoDB的關閉. 這會阻止InnoDB在關閉時作全清除以及插入緩衝合併.
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M                    #用來緩衝日誌數據的緩衝區的大小.
#innodb_log_file_size = 512M                     #在日誌組中每一個日誌文件的大小.   
#innodb_log_files_in_group = 3                   #在日誌組中的文件總數.
#innodb_log_group_home_dir                       #InnoDB的日誌文件所在位置. 默認是MySQL的datadir
#innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90                 #在InnoDB緩衝池中最大容許的髒頁面的比例.
#innodb_flush_method=O_DSYNC                     #InnoDB用來刷新日誌的方法 表空間老是使用雙重寫入刷新方法 # 默認值是 「fdatasync」, 另外一個是 「O_DSYNC」
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120                  #在被回滾前,一個InnoDB的事務應該等待一個鎖被批准多久
[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet  = 16M   ## 服務所能處理的請求包的最大大小以及服務所能處理的最大的請求大小(當與大的BLOB字段一塊兒工做時至關必要)

#safe-updates                    #僅僅容許使用鍵值的 UPDATEs 和 DELETEs 
[mysql]
#no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completition 

[isamchk]
key_buffer      = 16M
sort_buffer_size        = 2048M
read_buffer             = 32M
write_buffer            = 32M
#
# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
#   The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
#
[myisamchk]
key_buffer             = 2048M
sort_buffer_size       = 2048M
read_buffer            = 32M
write_buffer           = 32M


[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout


!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/