MariaDB自動分區維護

時間 2019-12-25

標籤 mariadb 自動分區維護简体版

原文原文鏈接

最近遇到一個問題，就是如何自動刪除6個月以前的舊的分區。就MariaDB而言，並無相似機制，可讓咱們開箱即用，去完成這件事情。因此咱們須要換一種思路，或許問題就能夠很簡單的被解決。咱們能夠建立一個存儲過程和一個事件，而後按照預約的時間表來調用這個存儲過程。實際上，咱們還能夠進一步建立一個存儲過程，讓該過程自動添加新的分區。sql

在本篇文章中，咱們將展現如何編寫執行這些任務的存儲過程。oop

分區表的定義

在該演示中，咱們將使用MySQL文檔RANGE分區示例給出的數據表，稍作一些改動：測試

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS db1.quarterly_report_status;
CREATE TABLE db1.quarterly_report_status (
   report_id INT NOT NULL,
   report_status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
   report_updated TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
) ENGINE=InnoDB
PARTITION BY RANGE ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP(report_updated) ) (
   PARTITION p_first VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2016-10-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p201610 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2016-11-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p201611 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2016-12-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p201612 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2017-01-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p201701 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2017-02-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p201702 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2017-03-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p201703 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2017-04-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p201704 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2017-05-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p201705 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2017-06-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p201706 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2017-07-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p201707 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2017-08-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p201708 VALUES LESS THAN ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2017-09-01 00:00:00')),
   PARTITION p_future VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE)
);

最重要的改動是分區命名方案是基於日期的。這將使咱們更容易地肯定要刪除哪些分區。ui

存儲過程定義（建立新的分區）

存儲過程自己也會包含一些註釋，來講明它所做的事情。須要提出說明的是，咱們沒有使用 ALTER TABLE ... ADD PARTITION 這樣的語句，由於 p_future 分區已經覆蓋了到 MAXVALUE 的結束範圍。因此咱們須要使用 ALTER TABLE ... REORGANIZE PARTITION 語句來代替。this

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS db1.create_new_partitions;
DELIMITER $
CREATE PROCEDURE db1.create_new_partitions(p_schema varchar(64), p_table varchar(64), p_months_to_add int)
   LANGUAGE SQL
   NOT DETERMINISTIC
   SQL SECURITY INVOKER
BEGIN  
   DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE;
   DECLARE current_partition_name varchar(64);
   DECLARE current_partition_ts int;
   -- We'll use this cursor later to check
   -- whether a particular already exists.
   -- @partition_name_to_add will be
   -- set later.
   DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR 
   SELECT partition_name 
   FROM information_schema.partitions 
   WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = p_schema 
   AND TABLE_NAME = p_table 
   AND PARTITION_NAME != 'p_first'
   AND PARTITION_NAME != 'p_future'
   AND PARTITION_NAME = @partition_name_to_add;
   -- We'll also use this cursor later 
   -- to query our temporary table.
   DECLARE cur2 CURSOR FOR 
   SELECT partition_name, partition_range_ts 
   FROM partitions_to_add;
   DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;
   DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS partitions_to_add;
   CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE partitions_to_add (
      partition_name varchar(64),
      partition_range_ts int
   );
   SET @partitions_added = FALSE;
   SET @months_ahead = 0;
   -- Let's go through a loop and add each month individually between
   -- the current month and the month p_months_to_add in the future.
   WHILE @months_ahead <= p_months_to_add DO
      -- We figure out what the correct month is by adding the
      -- number of months to the current date
      SET @date = CURDATE();
      SET @q = 'SELECT DATE_ADD(?, INTERVAL ? MONTH) INTO @month_to_add';
      PREPARE st FROM @q;
      EXECUTE st USING @date, @months_ahead;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
      SET @months_ahead = @months_ahead + 1;
      -- Then we format the month in the same format used
      -- in our partition names.
      SET @q = 'SELECT DATE_FORMAT(@month_to_add, ''%Y%m'') INTO @formatted_month_to_add';
      PREPARE st FROM @q;
      EXECUTE st;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
      -- And then we use the formatted date to build the name of the
      -- partition that we want to add. This partition name is
      -- assigned to @partition_name_to_add, which is used in
      -- the cursor declared at the start of the procedure.
      SET @q = 'SELECT CONCAT(''p'', @formatted_month_to_add) INTO @partition_name_to_add';
      PREPARE st FROM @q;
      EXECUTE st;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
      SET done = FALSE; 
      SET @first = TRUE;
      -- And then we loop through the results returned by the cursor,
      -- and if a row already exists for the current partition, 
      -- then we do not need to create the partition.
      OPEN cur1;
      read_loop: LOOP
         FETCH cur1 INTO current_partition_name;
         -- The cursor returned 0 rows, so we can create the partition.
         IF done AND @first THEN
            SELECT CONCAT('Creating partition: ', @partition_name_to_add);
            -- Now we need to get the end date of the new partition.
            -- Note that the date is for the non-inclusive end range,
            -- so we actually need the date of the first day of the *next* month.
            -- First, let's get a date variable for the first of the partition month
            SET @q = 'SELECT DATE_FORMAT(@month_to_add, ''%Y-%m-01 00:00:00'') INTO @month_to_add';
            PREPARE st FROM @q;
            EXECUTE st;
            DEALLOCATE PREPARE st; 
            -- Then, let's add 1 month
            SET @q = 'SELECT DATE_ADD(?, INTERVAL 1 MONTH) INTO @partition_end_date';
            PREPARE st FROM @q;
            EXECUTE st USING @month_to_add;
            DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
            -- We need the date in UNIX timestamp format.  
            SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP(@partition_end_date) INTO @partition_end_ts;
            -- Now insert the information into our temporary table
            INSERT INTO partitions_to_add VALUES (@partition_name_to_add, @partition_end_ts);
            SET @partitions_added = TRUE;
         END IF;
         -- Since we had at least one row returned, we know the
         -- partition already exists.
         IF ! @first THEN
            LEAVE read_loop;
         END IF;
         SET @first = FALSE;
      END LOOP;
     CLOSE cur1;
   END WHILE;
   -- Let's actually add the partitions now.
   IF @partitions_added THEN
      -- First we need to build the actual ALTER TABLE query.
      SET @schema = p_schema;
      SET @table = p_table;
      SET @q = 'SELECT CONCAT(''ALTER TABLE '', @schema, ''.'', @table, '' REORGANIZE PARTITION p_future INTO ( '') INTO @query';
      PREPARE st FROM @q;
      EXECUTE st;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
      SET done = FALSE;
      SET @first = TRUE;
      OPEN cur2;
      read_loop: LOOP
         FETCH cur2 INTO current_partition_name, current_partition_ts;
        IF done THEN
            LEAVE read_loop;
         END IF;
         -- If it is not the first partition, 
         -- then we need to add a comma
         IF ! @first THEN
            SET @q = 'SELECT CONCAT(@query, '', '') INTO @query';
            PREPARE st FROM @q;
            EXECUTE st;
            DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
         END IF;
         -- Add the current partition
         SET @partition_name =  current_partition_name;
         SET @partition_ts =  current_partition_ts;         
         SET @q = 'SELECT CONCAT(@query, ''PARTITION '', @partition_name, '' VALUES LESS THAN ('', @partition_ts, '')'') INTO @query';
         PREPARE st FROM @q;
         EXECUTE st;
         DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
         SET @first = FALSE;
      END LOOP;
      CLOSE cur2;
      -- We also need to include the p_future partition
      SET @q = 'SELECT CONCAT(@query, '', PARTITION p_future VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))'') INTO @query';
      PREPARE st FROM @q;
      EXECUTE st;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
      -- And then we prepare and execute the ALTER TABLE query.
      PREPARE st FROM @query;
      EXECUTE st;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;  
   END IF;
   DROP TEMPORARY TABLE partitions_to_add;
END$
DELIMITER ;

讓咱們運行一下新的過程：spa

MariaDB [db1]> SHOW CREATE TABLE db1.quarterly_report_status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: quarterly_report_status
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `quarterly_report_status` (
  `report_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `report_status` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  `report_updated` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP(report_updated))
(PARTITION p_first VALUES LESS THAN (1475294400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201610 VALUES LESS THAN (1477972800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201611 VALUES LESS THAN (1480568400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201612 VALUES LESS THAN (1483246800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201701 VALUES LESS THAN (1485925200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201702 VALUES LESS THAN (1488344400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201703 VALUES LESS THAN (1491019200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201704 VALUES LESS THAN (1493611200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201705 VALUES LESS THAN (1496289600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201706 VALUES LESS THAN (1498881600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201707 VALUES LESS THAN (1501560000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201708 VALUES LESS THAN (1504238400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p_future VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = InnoDB) */
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [db1]> CALL db1.create_new_partitions('db1', 'quarterly_report_status', 3);
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Creating partition: ', @partition_name_to_add) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Creating partition: p201709                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Creating partition: ', @partition_name_to_add) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Creating partition: p201710                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Creating partition: ', @partition_name_to_add) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Creating partition: p201711                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
MariaDB [db1]> SHOW CREATE TABLE db1.quarterly_report_status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: quarterly_report_status
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `quarterly_report_status` (
  `report_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `report_status` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  `report_updated` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP(report_updated))
(PARTITION p_first VALUES LESS THAN (1475294400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201610 VALUES LESS THAN (1477972800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201611 VALUES LESS THAN (1480568400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201612 VALUES LESS THAN (1483246800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201701 VALUES LESS THAN (1485925200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201702 VALUES LESS THAN (1488344400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201703 VALUES LESS THAN (1491019200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201704 VALUES LESS THAN (1493611200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201705 VALUES LESS THAN (1496289600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201706 VALUES LESS THAN (1498881600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201707 VALUES LESS THAN (1501560000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201708 VALUES LESS THAN (1504238400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201709 VALUES LESS THAN (1506830400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201710 VALUES LESS THAN (1509508800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201711 VALUES LESS THAN (1512104400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p_future VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = InnoDB) */
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

咱們能夠看到，跟咱們預期的效果是同樣的。code

存儲過程定義（刪除舊的分區）

如下存儲過程也包含一些註釋，解釋它的做用。orm

值得指出的是，該存儲過程，經過 ALTER TABLE ... DROP PARTITION 語句分別刪除舊分區。而後經過 ALTER TABLE ... REORGANIZE PARTITION 語句增長了 p_first 分區的範圍，這樣就填補了後面留下的空白。事件

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS db1.drop_old_partitions;
DELIMITER $
CREATE PROCEDURE db1.drop_old_partitions(p_schema varchar(64), p_table varchar(64), p_months_to_keep int, p_seconds_to_sleep int)
   LANGUAGE SQL
   NOT DETERMINISTIC
   SQL SECURITY INVOKER
BEGIN  
   DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE;
   DECLARE current_partition_name varchar(64);
   -- We'll use this cursor later to get
   -- the list of partitions to drop.
   -- @last_partition_name_to_keep will be
   -- set later.
   DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR 
   SELECT partition_name 
   FROM information_schema.partitions 
   WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = p_schema 
   AND TABLE_NAME = p_table 
   AND PARTITION_NAME != 'p_first'
   AND PARTITION_NAME != 'p_future'
   AND PARTITION_NAME < @last_partition_name_to_keep;
   DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;
   -- Now we get the last month of data that we want to keep
   -- by subtracting p_months_to_keep from the current date.
   -- Note that it will actually keep p_months_to_keep+1 partitions,
   -- since the current month is not complete.
   SET @date = CURDATE();
   SET @months_to_keep = p_months_to_keep;   
   SET @q = 'SELECT DATE_SUB(?, INTERVAL ? MONTH) INTO @last_month_to_keep';
   PREPARE st FROM @q;
   EXECUTE st USING @date, @months_to_keep;
   DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
   -- Then we format the last month in the same format used
   -- in our partition names.
   SET @q = 'SELECT DATE_FORMAT(@last_month_to_keep, ''%Y%m'') INTO @formatted_last_month_to_keep';
   PREPARE st FROM @q;
   EXECUTE st;
   DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
   -- And then we use the formatted date to build the name of the
   -- last partition that we want to keep. This partition name is
   -- assigned to @last_partition_name_to_keep, which is used in
   -- the cursor declared at the start of the procedure.
   SET @q = 'SELECT CONCAT(''p'', @formatted_last_month_to_keep) INTO @last_partition_name_to_keep';
   PREPARE st FROM @q;
   EXECUTE st;
   DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
   SELECT CONCAT('Dropping all partitions before: ', @last_partition_name_to_keep);
   SET @first = TRUE;
   -- And then we loop through all partitions returned by the cursor,
   -- and those partitions are dropped.
   OPEN cur1;
   read_loop: LOOP
      FETCH cur1 INTO current_partition_name;
      IF done THEN
         LEAVE read_loop;
      END IF;
      IF ! @first AND p_seconds_to_sleep > 0 THEN
         SELECT CONCAT('Sleeping for ', p_seconds_to_sleep, ' seconds');
         SELECT SLEEP(p_seconds_to_sleep);
      END IF;
      SELECT CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name);
      -- First we build the ALTER TABLE query.
      SET @schema = p_schema;
      SET @table = p_table;
      SET @partition = current_partition_name;
      SET @q = 'SELECT CONCAT(''ALTER TABLE '', @schema, ''.'', @table, '' DROP PARTITION '', @partition) INTO @query';
      PREPARE st FROM @q;
      EXECUTE st;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
      -- And then we prepare and execute the ALTER TABLE query.
      PREPARE st FROM @query;
      EXECUTE st;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
      SET @first = FALSE;
   END LOOP;
   CLOSE cur1;
   -- If no partitions were dropped, then we can also skip this.
   IF ! @first THEN
      -- Then we need to get the date of the new first partition.
      -- We need the date in UNIX timestamp format.
      SET @q = 'SELECT DATE_FORMAT(@last_month_to_keep, ''%Y-%m-01 00:00:00'') INTO @new_first_partition_date';
      PREPARE st FROM @q;
      EXECUTE st;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;     
      SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP(@new_first_partition_date) INTO @new_first_partition_ts;
      -- We also need to get the date of the second partition
      -- since the second partition is also needed for REORGANIZE PARTITION.
      SET @q = 'SELECT DATE_ADD(@new_first_partition_date, INTERVAL 1 MONTH) INTO @second_partition_date';
      PREPARE st FROM @q;
      EXECUTE st;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
      SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP(@second_partition_date) INTO @second_partition_ts;
      SELECT CONCAT('Reorganizing first and second partitions. first partition date = ', @new_first_partition_date, ', second partition date = ', @second_partition_date);
      -- Then we build the ALTER TABLE query.
      SET @schema = p_schema;
      SET @table = p_table;
      SET @q = 'SELECT CONCAT(''ALTER TABLE '', @schema, ''.'', @table, '' REORGANIZE PARTITION p_first, '', @last_partition_name_to_keep, '' INTO ( PARTITION p_first VALUES LESS THAN ( '', @new_first_partition_ts, '' ), PARTITION '', @last_partition_name_to_keep, '' VALUES LESS THAN ( '', @second_partition_ts, '' ) ) '') INTO @query';
      PREPARE st FROM @q;
      EXECUTE st;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
      -- And then we prepare and execute the ALTER TABLE query.
      PREPARE st FROM @query;
      EXECUTE st;
      DEALLOCATE PREPARE st;
   END IF;
END$
DELIMITER ;

讓咱們運行一下新的過程：ip

MariaDB [db1]> SHOW CREATE TABLE db1.quarterly_report_status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: quarterly_report_status
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `quarterly_report_status` (
  `report_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `report_status` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  `report_updated` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP(report_updated))
(PARTITION p_first VALUES LESS THAN (1475294400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201610 VALUES LESS THAN (1477972800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201611 VALUES LESS THAN (1480568400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201612 VALUES LESS THAN (1483246800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201701 VALUES LESS THAN (1485925200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201702 VALUES LESS THAN (1488344400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201703 VALUES LESS THAN (1491019200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201704 VALUES LESS THAN (1493611200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201705 VALUES LESS THAN (1496289600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201706 VALUES LESS THAN (1498881600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201707 VALUES LESS THAN (1501560000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201708 VALUES LESS THAN (1504238400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p_future VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = InnoDB) */
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [db1]> CALL db1.drop_old_partitions('db1', 'quarterly_report_status', 6, 5);
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping all partitions before: ', @last_partition_name_to_keep) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping all partitions before: p201702                                  |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201610                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Sleeping for ', p_seconds_to_sleep, ' seconds') |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Sleeping for 5 seconds                                  |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
+---------------------------+
| SLEEP(p_seconds_to_sleep) |
+---------------------------+
|                         0 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (5.02 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201611                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (5.02 sec)
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Sleeping for ', p_seconds_to_sleep, ' seconds') |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Sleeping for 5 seconds                                  |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (5.03 sec)
+---------------------------+
| SLEEP(p_seconds_to_sleep) |
+---------------------------+
|                         0 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (10.03 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201612                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (10.03 sec)
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Sleeping for ', p_seconds_to_sleep, ' seconds') |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Sleeping for 5 seconds                                  |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (10.05 sec)
+---------------------------+
| SLEEP(p_seconds_to_sleep) |
+---------------------------+
|                         0 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (15.05 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201701                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.05 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Reorganizing first and second partitions. first partition date = ', @new_first_partition_date, ', second partition date = ', @second_partition_date) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Reorganizing first and second partitions. first partition date = 2017-02-01 00:00:00, second partition date = 2017-03-01 00:00:00                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.06 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (15.11 sec)
MariaDB [db1]> SHOW CREATE TABLE db1.quarterly_report_status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: quarterly_report_status
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `quarterly_report_status` (
  `report_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `report_status` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  `report_updated` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP(report_updated))
(PARTITION p_first VALUES LESS THAN (1485925200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201702 VALUES LESS THAN (1488344400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201703 VALUES LESS THAN (1491019200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201704 VALUES LESS THAN (1493611200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201705 VALUES LESS THAN (1496289600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201706 VALUES LESS THAN (1498881600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201707 VALUES LESS THAN (1501560000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201708 VALUES LESS THAN (1504238400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p_future VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = InnoDB) */
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

咱們能夠看到，正如咱們所預期的，除了舊的分區被刪除，咱們還能夠看到 p_first 的日期範圍也被更新了。

存儲過程定義（和其餘過程捆綁）

在大多數狀況下，同一時間執行全部分區維護可能會更好。所以，咱們能夠建立另外一個存儲過程，調用咱們的其餘兩個存儲過程。

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS db1.perform_partition_maintenance;
DELIMITER $
CREATE PROCEDURE db1.perform_partition_maintenance(p_schema varchar(64), p_table varchar(64), p_months_to_add int, p_months_to_keep int, p_seconds_to_sleep int)
   LANGUAGE SQL
   NOT DETERMINISTIC
   SQL SECURITY INVOKER
BEGIN 
   CALL db1.drop_old_partitions(p_schema, p_table, p_months_to_keep, p_seconds_to_sleep);
   CALL db1.create_new_partitions(p_schema, p_table, p_months_to_add);
END$
DELIMITER ;

咱們將分區表從新設置爲原來的狀態，而後運行新的存儲過程。

MariaDB [db1]> SHOW CREATE TABLE db1.quarterly_report_status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: quarterly_report_status
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `quarterly_report_status` (
  `report_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `report_status` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  `report_updated` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP(report_updated))
(PARTITION p_first VALUES LESS THAN (1475294400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201610 VALUES LESS THAN (1477972800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201611 VALUES LESS THAN (1480568400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201612 VALUES LESS THAN (1483246800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201701 VALUES LESS THAN (1485925200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201702 VALUES LESS THAN (1488344400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201703 VALUES LESS THAN (1491019200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201704 VALUES LESS THAN (1493611200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201705 VALUES LESS THAN (1496289600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201706 VALUES LESS THAN (1498881600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201707 VALUES LESS THAN (1501560000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201708 VALUES LESS THAN (1504238400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p_future VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = InnoDB) */
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [db1]> CALL db1.perform_partition_maintenance('db1', 'quarterly_report_status', 3, 6, 5);
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping all partitions before: ', @last_partition_name_to_keep) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping all partitions before: p201702                                  |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201610                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Sleeping for ', p_seconds_to_sleep, ' seconds') |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Sleeping for 5 seconds                                  |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
+---------------------------+
| SLEEP(p_seconds_to_sleep) |
+---------------------------+
|                         0 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (5.02 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201611                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (5.02 sec)
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Sleeping for ', p_seconds_to_sleep, ' seconds') |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Sleeping for 5 seconds                                  |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (5.03 sec)
+---------------------------+
| SLEEP(p_seconds_to_sleep) |
+---------------------------+
|                         0 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (10.03 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201612                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (10.03 sec)
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Sleeping for ', p_seconds_to_sleep, ' seconds') |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Sleeping for 5 seconds                                  |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (10.06 sec)
+---------------------------+
| SLEEP(p_seconds_to_sleep) |
+---------------------------+
|                         0 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (15.06 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201701                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.06 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Reorganizing first and second partitions. first partition date = ', @new_first_partition_date, ', second partition date = ', @second_partition_date) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Reorganizing first and second partitions. first partition date = 2017-02-01 00:00:00, second partition date = 2017-03-01 00:00:00                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.08 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Creating partition: ', @partition_name_to_add) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Creating partition: p201709                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.16 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Creating partition: ', @partition_name_to_add) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Creating partition: p201710                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.17 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Creating partition: ', @partition_name_to_add) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Creating partition: p201711                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.17 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (15.26 sec)
MariaDB [db1]> SHOW CREATE TABLE db1.quarterly_report_status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: quarterly_report_status
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `quarterly_report_status` (
  `report_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `report_status` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  `report_updated` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE ( UNIX_TIMESTAMP(report_updated))
(PARTITION p_first VALUES LESS THAN (1485925200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201702 VALUES LESS THAN (1488344400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201703 VALUES LESS THAN (1491019200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201704 VALUES LESS THAN (1493611200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201705 VALUES LESS THAN (1496289600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201706 VALUES LESS THAN (1498881600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201707 VALUES LESS THAN (1501560000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201708 VALUES LESS THAN (1504238400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201709 VALUES LESS THAN (1506830400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201710 VALUES LESS THAN (1509508800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p201711 VALUES LESS THAN (1512104400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
 PARTITION p_future VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE ENGINE = InnoDB) */
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

該存儲過程執行也跟咱們預期結果同樣。

過程屢次執行

應該注意的是，這些存儲過程能夠比必要時更頻繁地運行。若是在不須要添加或刪除分區時運行這些過程，則該過程將不會執行任何工做。讓咱們重置表定義，而後試一下。

MariaDB [db1]> CALL db1.perform_partition_maintenance('db1', 'quarterly_report_status', 3, 6, 5);
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping all partitions before: ', @last_partition_name_to_keep) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping all partitions before: p201702                                  |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201610                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Sleeping for ', p_seconds_to_sleep, ' seconds') |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Sleeping for 5 seconds                                  |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)
+---------------------------+
| SLEEP(p_seconds_to_sleep) |
+---------------------------+
|                         0 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (5.03 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201611                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (5.03 sec)
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Sleeping for ', p_seconds_to_sleep, ' seconds') |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Sleeping for 5 seconds                                  |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (5.06 sec)
+---------------------------+
| SLEEP(p_seconds_to_sleep) |
+---------------------------+
|                         0 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (10.06 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201612                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (10.06 sec)
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Sleeping for ', p_seconds_to_sleep, ' seconds') |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Sleeping for 5 seconds                                  |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (10.08 sec)
+---------------------------+
| SLEEP(p_seconds_to_sleep) |
+---------------------------+
|                         0 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (15.09 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping partition: ', current_partition_name) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping partition: p201701                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.09 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Reorganizing first and second partitions. first partition date = ', @new_first_partition_date, ', second partition date = ', @second_partition_date) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Reorganizing first and second partitions. first partition date = 2017-02-01 00:00:00, second partition date = 2017-03-01 00:00:00                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.11 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Creating partition: ', @partition_name_to_add) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Creating partition: p201709                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.18 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Creating partition: ', @partition_name_to_add) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Creating partition: p201710                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.18 sec)
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Creating partition: ', @partition_name_to_add) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Creating partition: p201711                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (15.18 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (15.28 sec)
MariaDB [db1]> CALL db1.perform_partition_maintenance('db1', 'quarterly_report_status', 3, 6, 5);
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CONCAT('Dropping all partitions before: ', @last_partition_name_to_keep) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Dropping all partitions before: p201702                                  |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

正如咱們從上面的輸出中看到的，這個過程第二次沒有執行任何工做。

事件定義

咱們但願咱們的存儲過程每月自動運行，這樣咱們就可使用一個事件來完成這個過程。在測試這個事件以前，咱們須要作兩件事：

咱們須要用原始的定義從新建立表，這樣它就有了全部的原始分區。
咱們須要確保 event_scheduler=ON 已經設置好，若是沒有設置，咱們須要設置上。

MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE 'event_scheduler';
+-----------------+-------+
| Variable_name   | Value |
+-----------------+-------+
| event_scheduler | OFF   |
+-----------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SET GLOBAL event_scheduler=ON;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW GLOBAL VARIABLES LIKE 'event_scheduler';
+-----------------+-------+
| Variable_name   | Value |
+-----------------+-------+
| event_scheduler | ON    |
+-----------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

而後，咱們能夠運行如下內容：

DROP EVENT db1.monthly_perform_partition_maintenance_event;
CREATE EVENT db1.monthly_perform_partition_maintenance_event
   ON SCHEDULE
   EVERY 1 MONTH
   STARTS NOW()
DO
   CALL db1.perform_partition_maintenance('db1', 'quarterly_report_status', 3, 6, 5);

然而，咱們能夠在這裏修改完善一下。每個月運行一次這個過程可能並不太理想，由於若是這個過程由於某種緣由失敗了，那麼直到下個月它可能都不會再一次執行。出於這個緣由，最好更頻繁一下去運行這個過程，好比天天一次。正如上面所提到的，只有當分區維護是必要的時候，這個過程纔會起做用，因此更頻繁地執行這個過程也不會引發任何問題。

若是咱們想天天運行一次程序，那麼事件定義就變成：

DROP EVENT db1.monthly_perform_partition_maintenance_event;
CREATE EVENT db1.monthly_perform_partition_maintenance_event
   ON SCHEDULE
   EVERY 1 DAY
   STARTS NOW()
DO
   CALL db1.perform_partition_maintenance('db1', 'quarterly_report_status', 3, 6, 5);

結論

因爲存儲過程和事件的靈活性，在MariaDB中自動執行分區維護相對容易。

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