CMake 容許爲項目增長編譯選項,從而能夠根據用戶的環境和需求選擇最合適的編譯方案。ios
例如,能夠將 MathFunctions 庫設爲一個可選的庫,若是該選項爲 ON ,就使用該庫定義的數學函數來進行運算。不然就調用標準庫中的數學函數庫。c++
$ mkdir hello $ cd hello $ mkdir math build $ touch CMakeLists.txt main.cpp math/MathFunctions.h math/MathFunctions.cpp math/CMakeLists.txt $ tree . ├── build ├── CMakeLists.txt ├── main.cpp └── math ├── CMakeLists.txt ├── MathFunctions.cpp └── MathFunctions.h
int power(int base, int exponent);
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "MathFunctions.h" int power(int base, int exponent) { int result = base; int i; if (exponent == 0) { return 1; } for(i = 1; i < exponent; ++i){ result = result * base; } return result; }
#include <iostream> #include "MathFunctions.h" using namespace std; int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) { printf("%s power(2,3)=%d \n", "Hello,World!", power(2, 3)); return 0; }
# CMake 最低版本號要求 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15.0) # 項目名 project(hello) # 查找當前目錄下的全部源文件,並將名稱保存到 SRC_LIST 變量 aux_source_directory(. SRC_LIST) # 查找 math 目錄下的全部源文件,並將名稱保存到 MATH_SRC_LIST 變量 # aux_source_directory(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/math MATH_SRC_LIST) # 添加 math 子目錄 (math 目錄裏必須有 CMakeLists.txt),這樣 math 目錄下的 CMakeLists.txt 文件和源代碼也會被處理 add_subdirectory(math) # 添加頭文件路徑 include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/math) # 指定生成目標 add_executable(hello ${SRC_LIST} ${MATH_SRC_LIST}) # 添加連接庫 target_link_libraries(hello MathFunctions)
# 查找當前目錄下的全部源文件,並將名稱保存到 DIR_LIB_SRCS 變量 aux_source_directory(. DIR_LIB_SRCS) # 生成連接庫 add_library (MathFunctions ${DIR_LIB_SRCS})
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15.0) # 項目名 project(hello) # 查找當前目錄下的全部源文件,並將名稱保存到 SRC_LIST 變量 aux_source_directory(. SRC_LIST) # 加入一個配置頭文件,用於處理 CMake 對源碼的設置 configure_file ( "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/config.h.in" "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/config.h" ) # 是否使用本身的 MathFunctions 庫 # 這裏設置的變量 USE_MYMATH、中間的提示文字、默認值,在 ccmake 命令中會展現 option (USE_MYMATH "Use provided math implementation" ON ) # 是否加入 MathFunctions 庫 if (USE_MYMATH) # 添加頭文件路徑 include_directories ("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/math") # 添加 math 子目錄 (math 目錄裏必須有 CMakeLists.txt) add_subdirectory (math) set (EXTRA_LIBS ${EXTRA_LIBS} MathFunctions) endif (USE_MYMATH) # 指定生成目標 add_executable(hello ${SRC_LIST} ${MATH_SRC_LIST}) # 添加連接庫 target_link_libraries(hello ${EXTRA_LIBS})
#include <iostream> #include "config.h" #ifdef USE_MYMATH // 若是定義了 USE_MYMATH,導入 "MathFunctions.h" #include "MathFunctions.h" #else // 若是 USE_MYMATH 未定義,導入 <cmath> #include <cmath> #endif using namespace std; int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) { #ifdef USE_MYMATH printf("Here define USE_MYMATH \n"); printf("%s power(2,3)=%d \n", "Hello,World!", power(2, 3)); #else printf("Here undefine USE_MYMATH \n"); printf("%s power(2,3)=%f \n", "Hello,World!", pow(2, 3)); #endif return 0; }
#cmakedefine USE_MYMATH
$ cd Desktop/hello/build # cmake 指定 USE_MYMATH=ON $ cmake -DUSE_MYMATH=ON .. -- The C compiler identification is AppleClang 10.0.1.10010046 -- The CXX compiler identification is AppleClang 10.0.1.10010046 -- Check for working C compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/cc -- Check for working C compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/cc -- works -- Detecting C compiler ABI info -- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done -- Detecting C compile features -- Detecting C compile features - done -- Check for working CXX compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++ -- Check for working CXX compiler: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++ -- works -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done -- Detecting CXX compile features -- Detecting CXX compile features - done -- Configuring done -- Generating done -- Build files have been written to: /Users/staff/Desktop/hello/build $ make Scanning dependencies of target MathFunctions [ 25%] Building CXX object math/CMakeFiles/MathFunctions.dir/MathFunctions.cpp.o [ 50%] Linking CXX static library libMathFunctions.a [ 50%] Built target MathFunctions Scanning dependencies of target hello [ 75%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/main.cpp.o [100%] Linking CXX executable hello [100%] Built target hello # 這裏輸出的 」Here define USE_MYMATH「 $ ./hello Here define USE_MYMATH Hello,World! power(2,3)=8 # cmake 指定 USE_MYMATH=OFF $ cmake -DUSE_MYMATH=OFF .. -- Configuring done -- Generating done -- Build files have been written to: /Users/staff/Desktop/hello/build $ make Scanning dependencies of target hello [ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/hello.dir/main.cpp.o [100%] Linking CXX executable hello [100%] Built target hello # 這裏輸出的 」Here undefine USE_MYMATH「 $ ./hello Here undefine USE_MYMATH Hello,World! power(2,3)=8.000000
$ cd Desktop/hello/build $ ccmake ..
能夠看到 USE_MYMATH 選項segmentfault
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