首先是這個代碼基於先後端分離的API,咱們用了django的framework模塊,幫助咱們快速的編寫restful規則的接口前端
前端token原理:django
把(token=加密後的字符串,key=name)在登入後發到客戶端,之後客戶端再發請求,會攜帶過來服務端截取(token=加密後的字符串,key=name),咱們再利用解密方法,將token和key進行解碼,而後進行比對,成功就是登入過的認證,失敗就是沒有登入過的後端
還有一種方式,把{name:maple,id:1} 用我本身知道的加密方式加密以後變成了:加密字符串,加密字符串|{name:maple,id:1} 當作token,發到客戶端,之後客戶端再發請求,會攜帶,加密字符串|{name:maple,id:1}過來,服務端截取{name:maple,id:1},再用咱們的加密方式加密:加密字符串,拿到加密後的字符串進行比對,這種方式,只要寫一個密碼函數就能夠了,無需寫解密函數服務器
在django的app中定義個token模塊restful
將有關token的函數都放在裏面,後面要用到,都調用這個模塊
app
加密token函數:前後端分離
import time import base64 import hmac def get_token(key, expire=3600): ''' :param key: str (用戶給定的key,須要用戶保存以便以後驗證token,每次產生token時的key 均可以是同一個key) :param expire: int(最大有效時間,單位爲s) :return: token ''' ts_str = str(time.time() + expire) ts_byte = ts_str.encode("utf-8") sha1_tshexstr = hmac.new(key.encode("utf-8"),ts_byte,'sha1').hexdigest() token = ts_str+':'+sha1_tshexstr b64_token = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(token.encode("utf-8")) return b64_token.decode("utf-8")
解密函數:dom
def out_token(key, token): ''' :param key: 服務器給的固定key :param token: 前端傳過來的token :return: true,false ''' # token是前端傳過來的token字符串 try: token_str = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(token).decode('utf-8') token_list = token_str.split(':') if len(token_list) != 2: return False ts_str = token_list[0] if float(ts_str) < time.time(): # token expired return False known_sha1_tsstr = token_list[1] sha1 = hmac.new(key.encode("utf-8"),ts_str.encode('utf-8'),'sha1') calc_sha1_tsstr = sha1.hexdigest() if calc_sha1_tsstr != known_sha1_tsstr: # token certification failed return False # token certification success return True except Exception as e: print(e)
登入函數:函數
from rest_framework.response import Response from rest_framework.views import APIView from app01 import models # get_token生成加密token,out_token解密token from app01.token_module import get_token,out_token class AuthLogin(APIView): def post(self,request): response={"status":100,"msg":None} name=request.data.get("name") pwd=request.data.get("pwd") print(name,pwd) user = auth.authenticate(username=name, password=pwd) # user=models.User.objects.filter(username=name,password=pwd).first() if user: # token=get_random(name) # 將name進行加密,3600設定超時時間 token=get_token(name,60) models.UserToken.objects.update_or_create(user=user,defaults={"token":token}) response["msg"]="登入成功" response["token"]=token response["name"]=user.username else: response["msg"]="用戶名或密碼錯誤" return Response(response)
登入後訪問函數:post
from rest_framework.views import APIView from app01 import models from app01.serialize_module import BookSerialize from app01.authentication_module import TokenAuth1,TokenAuth2 class Books(APIView): authentication_classes = [TokenAuth2] def get(self,request): response = {"status": 100, "msg": None} book_list=models.Book.objects.all() book_ser = BookSerialize(book_list, many=True) response["books"]=book_ser.data return Response(response)
路由:
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^books/$', views.Books.as_view()), url(r'^login/$', views.AuthLogin.as_view()), ]
from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthentication from app01 import models from rest_framework.exceptions import NotAuthenticated # get_token生成加密token,out_token解密token from app01.token_module import get_token,out_token # 存儲在前端的token解密比對 class TokenAuth2(BaseAuthentication): def authenticate(self,request): token=request.GET.get("token") name=request.GET.get("name") token_obj=out_token(name,token) if token_obj: return else: raise NotAuthenticated("你沒有登入")
登入POST請求:
返回結果:
訪問get請求: