maven 經常使用插件總結

時間 2020-08-11

標籤 maven 經常使用插件總結欄目 Maven 简体版

原文原文鏈接

maven-javadoc-plugin

(1) 說明：該插件生成項目的javadoc.對於構建jar目標，javadoc會首先生成並打包放入jar文件中。java

(2) 默認用法：apache

pom.xml配置

<project>
  ...
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.10.4</version>
        <configuration>
          ...
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
    ...
  </build>
  ...
</project>

執行命令

mvn javadoc:javadoc
mvn javadoc:jar
mvn javadoc:aggregate
mvn javadoc:aggregate-jar
mvn javadoc:test-javadoc
mvn javadoc:test-jar
mvn javadoc:test-aggregate
mvn javadoc:test-aggregate-jar

(3) 擴展配置：併發

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.9</version>
    <executions>
       <execution>
          <id>attach-javadocs</id>
             <goals>
                <goal>jar</goal><!--執行goal時，完成doc附加-->
             </goals>
       </execution>
   </executions>
</plugin>

maven-source-plugin

(1) 說明：在target目錄中生成當前項目的源文件的jar包。socket

(2) 默認用法：maven

pom.xml配置

<plugin>
   <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
   <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
   <version>3.0.1</version>
   <executions>
      <execution>
         <id>attach-sources</id>
         <goals>
            <goal>jar</goal>
        </goals>
      </execution>
   </executions>
</plugin>

執行命令：

source:aggregate 合併全部模塊的源碼；
source:jar 用於項目主源碼的打包歸檔；
source:test-jar 用於項目測試源碼的打包歸檔；
source:jar-no-fork 相似於source:jar，但不會fork進程來構建週期
source:test-jar-no-fork 相似於source:test-jar, 但不會fork進程來構建週期。

(3) 擴展配置：ide

綁定階段

<project>
  ...
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>attach-sources</id>
            <phase>verify</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>jar-no-fork</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
  ...
</project>

在profile中使用

<project>
  ...
  <profiles>
    <profile>
      <id>release</id>
      <build>
        <plugins>
          <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
            <executions>
              <execution>
                <id>attach-sources</id>
                <goals>
                  <goal>jar-no-fork</goal>
                </goals>
              </execution>
            </executions>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>
      </build>
    </profile>
  </profiles>
  ...
</project>

maven-compiler-plugin

(1) 說明：指定項目編譯使用的jdk。單元測試

(2) 默認用法：測試

pom.xml配置

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.1</version>
    <configuration>
        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
    </configuration>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>default-testCompile</id>
            <phase>test-compile</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>testCompile</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
                <skip>false</skip>
            </configuration>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

執行命令

compiler:compile 綁定compile階段，編譯main源碼網站

compiler:testCompile 綁定test-compile階段，編譯test源碼ui

(3) 擴展配置：沒有executions 標籤。

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.1</version>
    <configuration>
        <source>1.7</source> <!-- 源代碼使用的開發版本 -->
        <target>1.7</target> <!-- 須要生成的目標class文件的編譯版本 -->
        <!-- 通常而言，target與source是保持一致的，可是，有時候爲了讓程序能在其餘版本的jdk中運行(對於低版本目標jdk，源代碼中須要沒有使用低版本jdk中不支持的語法)，會存在target不一樣於source的狀況 -->
    
        <!-- 這下面的是可選項 -->
        <meminitial>128m</meminitial>
        <maxmem>512m</maxmem>
        <fork>true</fork> <!-- fork is enable,用於明確表示編譯版本配置的可用 --> 
        <compilerVersion>1.3</compilerVersion>
        
        <!-- 這個選項用來傳遞編譯器自身不包含可是卻支持的參數選項 -->
        <compilerArgument>-verbose -bootclasspath ${java.home}\lib\rt.jar</compilerArgument>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

maven-resources-plugin

(1) 說明：該插件處理項目的資源文件拷貝到輸出目錄。能夠分別處理main resources 和 test resources。

(2) 默認用法：

pom.xml配置：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.1</version>
    <configuration>
          <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
     </configuration>
 </plugin>

<!--最好先指定過以下屬性—>

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
...
</properties>

執行命令：

resources:resources 拷貝主源碼的資源文件到output目錄；這個goals一般自動運行。

一般使用project.build.resources 元素來指定資源，默認拷貝到project.build.outputDirectory指定的目錄。

resources:testResources 拷貝測試源碼的資源文件到output目錄；這個goals一般自動運行。

一般使用project.build.testResources元素來指定測試資源，默認拷貝到project.build.testOutputDirectory目錄。

resources:copy-resources 拷貝資源到一個輸出目錄。這個goals要求將指定的資源拷貝到指定的outputDirectory中。

(3) 擴展配置：

<project>
  ...
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.2</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>copy-resources</id>
            <!-- here the phase you need -->
            <phase>validate</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>copy-resources</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <outputDirectory>${basedir}/target/extra-resources</outputDirectory>
              <resources>          
                <resource>
                  <directory>src/non-packaged-resources</directory>
                  <filtering>true</filtering>
                </resource>
              </resources>              
            </configuration>            
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
    ...
  </build>
  ...
</project>

maven-surefire-plugin

(1) 說明：在構建期間執行單元測試。產生2種格式的測試案例執行報告：*.txt, *.xml。默認狀況下，這些結果文件存放在${basedir}/target/surefire-reports下。

(2) 默認用法：

pom.xml配置

<plugins>
    [...]
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <systemPropertyVariables>
           <!--指定參數，也能夠經過testng的@Parameter註解進行指定-->

            <propertyName>firefox</propertyName>

          </systemPropertyVariables>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    [...]
</plugins>

<plugins>
    [...]
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <!--指定組-->
          <groups>functest,perftest</groups>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    [...]
</plugins>

執行命令：

surefire:test :運行單元測試案例；
mvn -Dmaven.surefire.debug test :debug測試案例（5005端口）
mvn –Dmaven.surefire.debug="-Xdebug –Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket, server=y,suspend=y,address=8000 –Xnoagent –Djava.compiler=NONE" test :自定義8000端口進行debug
mvn –DforkCount=0 test :強制maven不會fork進程執行案例。
mvnDebug -DforkCount=0 test :debug maven自身。

(3) 擴展配置：

</plugins>
    [...]
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <!--並行運行參數-->
          <parallel>methods</parallel>
          <threadCount>10</threadCount>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    [...]
</plugins>

<plugins>
    [...]
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <properties>
            <property>
              <name>parallel</name>
              <value>methods</value>
            </property>
            <property>
             <!--使用dataprovider並行運行時配置併發數-->
              <name>dataproviderthreadcount</name>
              <value>30</value>
            </property>
          </properties>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    [...]
</plugins>

<plugins>
    [...]
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <suiteXmlFiles>
            <!—suite並行運行-->

            <file>src/test/resources/testng1.xml</file>
            <file>src/test/resources/testng2.xml</file>
          </suiteXmlFiles>
          <properties>
            <property>
              <name>suitethreadpoolsize</name>
              <value>2</value>
            </property>
          </properties>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    [...]
</plugins>

<!--自定義listener 和 reports-->
<dependencies>
[...]
  <dependency>
    <groupId>your-testng-listener-artifact-groupid</groupId>
    <artifactId>your-testng-listener-artifact-artifactid</artifactId>
    <version>your-testng-listener-artifact-version</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
[...]
</dependencies>
[...]
</plugins>
    [...]
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <properties>
            <property>
              <name>usedefaultlisteners</name>
              <value>false</value> <!-- disabling default listeners is optional -->
            </property>
            <property>
              <name>listener</name>
              <value>com.mycompany.MyResultListener,com.mycompany.MyAnnotationTransformer,com.mycompany.MyMethodInterceptor</value>
            </property>
            <property>
              <name>reporter</name>
              <value>listenReport.Reporter</value>
            </property>
          </properties>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    [...]
</plugins>

<!--用戶能夠自行實現implements org.testng.ITestListener在your-testng-listener-artifact中，可使用scope=test或代碼在/src/test/java中。在當前surefire-testng provider的類載入器中，可使用參數dependenciesToScan參數過濾test artifact 來載入它的類。 testng reporter 也必須實現org.testng.IReporter—>

<plugins>
    [...]
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.1</version>
        <configuration>
          [...]
          <properties>
            <property>
              <name>surefire.testng.verbose</name>
              <value>10</value>
            </property>
          </properties>
          [...]
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    [...]
</plugins>
<!--配置日誌等級，區間爲0-10,10爲最詳細。-1時testng爲debug模式。默認爲0—>

<plugins>
    [...]
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.1</version>
        <configuration>
          [...]
          <properties>
            <property>
              <name>objectfactory</name>
              <value>testng.objectfactory.TestNGCustomObjectFactory</value>
            </property>
          </properties>
          [...]
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    [...]
</plugins>
<!--自定義Testng Object Factory：經過實現org.testng.IObjectFactory 和綁定類名到關鍵字：objectfactory-->

</plugins>
    [...]
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.1</version>
        <configuration>
          [...]
          <properties>
            <property>
              <name>testrunfactory</name>
              <value>testng.testrunnerfactory.TestNGCustomTestRunnerFactory</value>
            </property>
          </properties>
          [...]
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    [...]
</plugins>
<!--自定義TestNG TestRunner Factory: 實現org.testng.ITestRunnerFactory， 綁定類名到關鍵字testrunfactory—>

<plugins>
    [...]
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.19.1</version>
        <configuration>
          [...]
          <suiteXmlFiles>
            <file>src/test/resources/suite.xml</file>
          </suiteXmlFiles>
          <properties>
            <property>
              <name>testnames</name>
              <value>a-t1,a-t3</value>
            </property>
          </properties>
          [...]
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    [...]
</plugins>
<!--只運行指定test name 下的案例，此處只運行test 名稱爲a-t1和a-t3的案例-->

<argLine>-Djava.endorsed.dirs=...</argLine>
<!--指定VM的參數-->

maven-dependency-plugin

(1) 說明：該插件提供了操做artifact的能力。它可以從本地或遠程庫拷貝、打包artifact到指定位置。

(2) 默認用法：

pom.xml配置
<project>
  [...]
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.0</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>copy</id>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>copy</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
        <configuration>
          <artifactItems>
            <artifactItem>
              <groupId>junit</groupId>
              <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
              <version>3.8.1</version>
              <type>jar</type>
              <overWrite>false</overWrite>
              <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/alternateLocation</outputDirectory>
              <destFileName>optional-new-name.jar</destFileName>
            </artifactItem>
          </artifactItems>
          <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/wars</outputDirectory>
          <overWriteReleases>false</overWriteReleases>
          <overWriteSnapshots>true</overWriteSnapshots>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
  [...]
</project>

執行命令

dependency:analyze 分析項目中的依賴，肯定哪些是已使用已聲明、已使用未聲明及未使用已聲明的依賴。

dependency:analyze-dep-mgt 分析項目中的依賴，並列出已解決依賴的和依賴管理中列出的引入依賴的錯誤匹配。

dependency:analyze-only 與analyze相同, 但只約束在一個pom 中. 再也不fork進程執行編譯和test-compile。

dependency:analyze-report 分析項目依賴，生成依賴概述報告，闡明已使用已聲明、已使用未聲明及未使用已聲明的依賴。

dependency:analyze-duplicate 分析 <dependencies/> and <dependencyManagement/> 標籤，肯定聲明重複的依賴。

dependency:build-classpath 在本地庫的classpath中使用java –cp，告訴Maven用來輸出的依賴目錄。classpath 文件會被附加到main artifact並一塊兒安裝。

dependency:copy 獲取在插件管理器中已定義的artifact列表，拷貝他們到一個指定的位置，必要時重命名或去除版本。這個goal可以解決從遠程庫獲取的artifact在本地庫或使用庫中不存在的問題。

dependency:copy-dependencies 獲取項目直接依賴及可選的傳遞依賴列表，必要時拷貝到指定位置，重命名或去除版本。這個goal能夠從命令行運行。

dependency:display-ancestors 顯示當前項目的全部POM祖先。當CI中須要瞭解項目的全部POM時很是有用。這個goals能夠從命令行運行。

dependency:get 解決單獨的artifact，甚至是來自遠程庫的間接引用的依賴。

dependency:go-offline 告訴Maven，使用離線模塊，解決項目全部依賴的全部（依賴，插件，報告）

dependency:list 列出項目的依賴列表

dependency:list-repositories 顯示全部的項目依賴並列出已使用的。

dependency:properties 對文件系統中包含artifact的每個項目依賴設置一個property。

dependency:purge-local-repository 告訴maven 清除非本地庫的依賴artifact文件，並從新解決他們。

dependency:resolve 告訴maven解決全部的依賴並顯示他們的版本。

dependency:resolve-plugins 告訴maven解決全部的插件及他們的依賴。

dependency:sources 告訴maven解決全部的依賴及他們的源碼，顯示他們的版本。

dependency:tree 顯示樹狀依賴。

dependency:unpack 與copy相同，但不打包。

dependency:unpack-dependencies 與copy-dependencies，但不打包。

(3) 擴展配置：
<project>
  [...]
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.0</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>copy-installed</id>
            <phase>install</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>copy</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <artifactItems>
                <artifactItem>
                  <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
                  <artifactId>${project.artifactId}</artifactId>
                  <version>${project.version}</version>
                  <type>${project.packaging}</type>
                </artifactItem>
              </artifactItems>
              <outputDirectory>some-other-place</outputDirectory>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
  [...]
</project>

maven-assembly-plugin

(1) 說明：該插件容許用戶整合項目的輸出,包括依賴,模塊,網站文檔和其餘文檔到一個單獨的文檔，便可用定製化打包。

建立的文檔格式包括:zip, tar, tar.gz(tgz), gar.bz2(tbgz2), jar, dir,war 等等。四種預約義的描述器可用：bin, jar-with-dependencies, src, project.

<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd">
  <id>bin</id>
  <formats>
    <format>tar.gz</format>
    <format>tar.bz2</format>
    <format>zip</format>
  </formats>
  <fileSets>
    <fileSet>
      <directory>${project.basedir}</directory>
      <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
      <includes>
        <include>README*</include>
        <include>LICENSE*</include>
        <include>NOTICE*</include>
      </includes>
    </fileSet>
    <fileSet>
      <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
      <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
      <includes>
        <include>*.jar</include>
      </includes>
    </fileSet>
    <fileSet>
      <directory>${project.build.directory}/site</directory>
      <outputDirectory>docs</outputDirectory>
    </fileSet>
  </fileSets>
</assembly>

<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd">
  <!-- TODO: a jarjar format would be better -->
  <id>jar-with-dependencies</id>
  <formats>
    <format>jar</format>
  </formats>
  <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
  <dependencySets>
    <dependencySet>
      <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
      <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>
      <unpack>true</unpack>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependencySet>
  </dependencySets>
</assembly>

<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd">
  <id>src</id>
  <formats>
    <format>tar.gz</format>
    <format>tar.bz2</format>
    <format>zip</format>
  </formats>
  <fileSets>
    <fileSet>
      <directory>${project.basedir}</directory>
      <includes>
        <include>README*</include>
        <include>LICENSE*</include>
        <include>NOTICE*</include>
        <include>pom.xml</include>
      </includes>
      <useDefaultExcludes>true</useDefaultExcludes>
    </fileSet>
    <fileSet>
      <directory>${project.basedir}/src</directory>
      <useDefaultExcludes>true</useDefaultExcludes>
    </fileSet>
  </fileSets>
</assembly>

<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd">
  <id>project</id>
  <formats>
    <format>tar.gz</format>
    <format>tar.bz2</format>
    <format>zip</format>
  </formats>
  <fileSets>
    <fileSet>
      <directory>${project.basedir}</directory>
      <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
      <useDefaultExcludes>true</useDefaultExcludes>
      <excludes>
        <exclude>**/*.log</exclude>
        <exclude>**/${project.build.directory}/**</exclude>
      </excludes>
    </fileSet>
  </fileSets>
</assembly>

(2) 默認用法

pom.xml配置

<plugin>  
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  
    <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>  
    <version>2.4</version>  
    <executions>  
        <execution>  
            <phase>package</phase>  
            <goals>  
                <goal>single</goal>  
            </goals>  
        </execution>  
    </executions>  
</plugin>

<project>
  [...]
  <build>
    [...]
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <!-- NOTE: We don't need a groupId specification because the group is
             org.apache.maven.plugins ...which is assumed by default.
         -->
        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.0</version>
        <configuration>
          <descriptorRefs>
            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
          </descriptorRefs>
        </configuration>
        [...]
</project>

<project>
  [...]
  <build>
    [...]
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.0</version>
        <configuration>
          <descriptors>
            <descriptor>src/assembly/src.xml</descriptor>
          </descriptors>
        </configuration>
        [...]
</project>

執行命令:

assembly:single

(3) 擴展配置：

<project>
  [...]
  <build>
    [...]
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.0</version>
        <configuration>
          <descriptorRefs>
            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
          </descriptorRefs>
        </configuration>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>make-assembly</id> <!-- this is used for inheritance merges -->
            <phase>package</phase> <!-- bind to the packaging phase -->
            <goals>
              <goal>single</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
      [...]
</project>

<!--自定義組裝描述符-->
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>  
<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.0"  
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.0  
                    http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.0.xsd">  
    <id>demo</id>  
    <formats>  
        <format>jar</format>

<!--指定打包類型--> 
    </formats>  
    <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>

 <!--指定是否包含打包層目錄（好比finalName是output，當值爲true，全部文件被放在output目錄下，不然直接放在包的根目錄下）--> 
    <fileSets>

<!--指定要包含的文件集，能夠定義多個fileSet-->
        <fileSet>

<!--指定要包含的目錄--> 
            <directory>${project.build.directory}/classes</directory><!--指定當前要包含的目錄的目的地-->  
            <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>  
        </fileSet>  
    </fileSets>  
</assembly>

<!--使用-->
<configuration>
<finalName>demo</finalName>
<descriptors>
<descriptor>assemblies/demo.xml</descriptor>
</descriptors>
<outputDirectory>output</outputDirectory>
</configuration>

maven-antrun-plugin

(1) 說明：該插件提供了在maven中運行ant任務的方式。

(2) 默認用法：

pom.xml配置

<project>
  [...]
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>1.8</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <phase> <!-- a lifecycle phase --> </phase>
            <configuration>
              <target>

                <!--
                  Place any Ant task here. You can add anything
                  you can add between <target> and </target> in a
                  build.xml.
                -->

              </target>
            </configuration>
            <goals>
              <goal>run</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
  [...]
</project>

執行命令：

無

(3) 擴展配置：

...  
<build>  
    <plugins>  
        <plugin>  
            <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>  
            <executions>  
                <execution>  
                    <id>package</id>  
                    <phase>package</phase>  
                    <goals>  
                        <goal>run</goal>  
                    </goals>  
                    <configuration>  
                        <tasks>  
                            <echo message="make ..."/>  
                            <exec dir="src/main/c" executable="make" failonerror="true" />  
                        </tasks>  
                    </configuration>  
                </execution>  
                <execution>  
                    <id>clean</id>  
                    <phase>clean</phase>  
                    <goals>  
                        <goal>run</goal>  
                    </goals>  
                    <configuration>  
                        <tasks>  
                            <echo message="make clean ..."/>  
                            <exec dir="src/main/c" executable="make" failonerror="true">  
                                <arg line="clean"/>  
                            </exec>  
                        </tasks>  
                    </configuration>  
                </execution>  
            </executions>  
        </plugin>  
    </plugins>  
</build>  
...

maven-replacer-plugin

(1) 說明：

(2) 默認用法：

pom.xml配置

<build>  
  <plugins>  
   ...  
   <plugin>  
    <groupId>com.google.code.maven-replacer-plugin</groupId>  
    <artifactId>replacer</artifactId>  
    <version>1.5.3</version>  
       <executions>  
        ...  
       </executions>  
       <configuration>  
        ...  
       </configuration>  
   </plugin>  
  </plugins>  
 </build>

<configuration> <!--文本替換--> 
    <file>src/test/resources/a.txt</file>  
    <outputFile>src/main/resources/a.txt</outputFile>  
    <regex>false</regex>  
    <token>{book.name}</token>  
    <value>Thinkin in Java</value>  
</configuration>

<!--多個替換-->
                <configuration>
                    <file>src/test/resources/a.txt</file>
                    <outputFile>src/main/resources/a.txt</outputFile>
                    <regex>false</regex>
                    <replacements>
                        <replacement>
                            <token>{author.name}</token>
                            <value>Bruce Eckel </value>
                        </replacement>
                        <replacement>
                            <token>{book.name}</token>
                            <value>Thinkin in Java </value>
                        </replacement>
                    </replacements>
                </configuration>

<!--排除文件-->
                <configuration>
                    <basedir>${basedir}/src/test/resources</basedir>
                    <includes>
                        <include>**/*.txt</include>
                    </includes>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>**/a.txt</exclude>
                    </excludes>
                    <outputBasedir>${basedir}/src/main/resources</outputBasedir>
                    <outputDir>.</outputDir>
                    <regex>false</regex>
                    <preserveDir>false</preserveDir>
                    <tokenValueMap>src/test/resources/book.conf</tokenValueMap>
                </configuration>

執行命令：

無

(3) 擴展配置：

<plugin>
                <groupId>com.google.code.maven-replacer-plugin</groupId>
                <artifactId>replacer</artifactId>
                <version>1.5.2</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>generate-test-resources</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>replace</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <file>src/test/resources/prop.properties</file>
                    <regex>true</regex>
                    <token>BrowserCoreType.*</token>
                    <value>BrowserCoreType=${BrowserCoreType}</value>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>