更新的兩種方法java
1替換更新:會覆蓋原數據sql
2操做符更新:不會覆蓋原數據 性能更好 原子性操做mongodb
update() 方法用於更新已存在的文檔。語法格式以下:數據庫
db.collection.update( <query>, <update>, { upsert: <boolean>, multi: <boolean>, writeConcern: <document> } )
參數說明:數組
query : update的查詢條件,相似sql update查詢內where後面的;安全
update : update的對象和一些更新的操做符(如$,$inc...)等,也能夠理解爲sql update查詢內set後面的app
upsert : 可選,這個參數的意思是,若是不存在update的記錄,是否插入objNew,true爲插入,默認是false,不插入。性能
multi : 可選,mongodb 默認是false,只更新找到的第一條記錄,若是這個參數爲true,就把按條件查出來多條記錄所有更新。優化
writeConcern :可選,寫安全配置。ui
更新選擇器
新增數據拿不到ObjectID?
使用insert增長數據返回值是什麼?
var insert = db.users.insert({"username":"ruolan"})
使用upsert屬性,讓update變成insert
db.users.update({"":""},{"username":"leilei"},{"upsert":true})
建議:
不要用objectID做爲系統中檢索數據的條件
update中的query加在有索引的字段
更新示例
刪除字段示例
db.users.updateMany({"username":"lison"},{"$unset":{"country":"","age":""}})
更新字段名稱示例
db.users.updateMany({"username":"jack"},{"$rename":{"country":"guojia","age":"nianling"}})
$each做用示例 無each會被當成一個總體插入
db.users.updateMany({ "username" : "jack"}, { "$addToSet" : { "favorites.movies" : { "$each" : [ "小電影2 " , "小電影3"]}}})
db.users.updateMany({ "username" : "jack"}, { "$addToSet" : { "favorites.movies" : [ "小電影2 " , "小電影3"]}})
刪除字符串數組中元素示例
db.users.updateMany({ "username" : "jack"}, { "$pull" : { "favorites.movies" : [ "小電影2 " , "小電影3"]}})
db.users.updateMany({ "username" : "jack"}, { "$pullAll" : { "favorites.movies" : [ "小電影2 " , "小電影3"]}})
向對象數組中插入元素
給jack老師增長一條評論($push)
db.users.updateOne({"username":"jack"},{"$push":{"comments":{"author":"lison23","content":"ydddyyytttt"}}})
給jack老師批量新增兩條評論($push,$each)
db.users.updateOne({"username":"jack"}, {"$push":{"comments": {"$each":[{"author":"lison22","content":"yyyytttt"}, {"author":"lison23","content":"ydddyyytttt"} ] }}})
給jack老師批量新增兩條評論並對數組進行排序($push,$eachm,$sort)
db.users.updateOne({"username":"jack"}, {"$push": {"comments": {"$each":[ {"author":"lison22","content":"yyyytttt"}, {"author":"lison23","content":"ydddyyytttt"} ], $sort: {"author":1} } } })
刪除對象數組中元素示
刪除lison1對jack的全部評論 (批量刪除)
db.users.update({"username":"jack"}, {"$pull":{"comments":{"author":"lison22"}}})
刪除lison5對lison評語爲「lison是蒼老師的小迷弟」的評論
db.users.update({"username":"lison"}, {"$pull":{"comments":{"author":"lison5", "content":"lison是蒼老師的小迷弟"}}})
更新對象數組中元素,$符號示例
db.users.updateMany({"username":"jack","comments.author":"lison1"}, {"$set":{"comments.$.content":"xxoo", "comments.$.author":"lison10"} }) 含義:精確修改某人某一條精確的評論,若是有多個符合條件的數據,則修改最後一條數據。沒法批量修改數組元素
更新的原子性
1.mongodb的更新都是原子的,mongodb全部的寫操做都是有鎖的。mongoDB 2.2以前鎖級別爲實例級別,mongoDB 2.2之後版本鎖級別爲數據庫級別,mongoDB 3.0中,WiredTiger的鎖級別是文檔級別;
2.findAndModify命令:在同一往返過程當中原子更新文檔並返回它;
示例
常規的update的方法不能返回更新後的數據
db.num.update({"_id":ObjectId("5a5b4c285731a2a7cd01c5ae")},{"$inc":{"order":1}})
使用findandModify方法在修改數據同時返回更新前的數據或更新後的數據
db.num.findAndModify({ "query":{"_id":ObjectId("5a58cef99506c50abaeb4384")}, "update":{"$inc":{"saleOrder":1}}, "new" : true })
3.$isolated命令:mongoDB對寫鎖進行了優化,對長時間的寫操做會爲其餘的讀寫操做讓路,使用$isolated能夠避免這種讓路,隔離其餘操做,不容許其餘操做交叉更新,不能再分片中使用;
例如:db.users.update( {"$isolated」:true}, {"username":"lison"}, {"$pull":{"comments":{"author":"lison5","content":"lison是蒼老師的小迷弟"}} })
原生Document代碼
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class JavaUpdateObjArray { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JavaUpdateObjArray.class); private MongoDatabase db; private MongoCollection<Document> collection; @Resource private MongoClient client; @Before public void init(){ db = client.getDatabase("lison"); collection=db.getCollection("users"); } //--------------------------------------insert demo-------------------------------------------------------------- //給jack老師增長一條評論($push) //db.users.updateOne({"username":"jack"}, // {"$push":{"comments":{"author":"lison23","content":"ydddyyytttt"}}}) @Test public void addOneComment(){ Document comment = new Document().append("author", "lison23") .append("content", "ydddyyytttt"); Bson filter = eq("username","jack"); Bson update = push("comments",comment); UpdateResult updateOne = collection.updateOne(filter, update); System.out.println(updateOne.getModifiedCount()); } // 給jack老師批量新增兩條評論($push,$each) // db.users.updateOne({"username":"jack"}, // {"$push":{"comments": // {"$each":[{"author":"lison33","content":"lison33lison33"}, // {"author":"lison44","content":"lison44lison44"}]}}}) @Test public void addManyComment(){ Document comment1 = new Document().append("author", "lison33") .append("content", "lison33lison33"); Document comment2 = new Document().append("author", "lison44") .append("content", "lison44lison44"); Bson filter = eq("username","jack"); Bson pushEach = pushEach("comments",Arrays.asList(comment1,comment2)); UpdateResult updateOne = collection.updateOne(filter, pushEach); System.out.println(updateOne.getModifiedCount()); } // 給jack老師批量新增兩條評論並對數組進行排序($push,$eachm,$sort) // db.users.updateOne({"username":"jack"}, // {"$push": {"comments": // {"$each":[ {"author":"lison22","content":"yyyytttt"}, // {"author":"lison23","content":"ydddyyytttt"} ], // $sort: {"author":1} } } }) @Test public void addManySortComment(){ Document comment1 = new Document().append("author", "lison00") .append("content", "lison00lison00"); Document comment2 = new Document().append("author", "lison01") .append("content", "lison01lison01"); Bson filter = eq("username","jack"); Document sortDoc = new Document().append("author", 1); PushOptions pushOption = new PushOptions().sortDocument(sortDoc); Bson pushEach = pushEach("comments",Arrays.asList(comment1,comment2),pushOption); UpdateResult updateOne = collection.updateOne(filter, pushEach); System.out.println(updateOne.getModifiedCount()); } //--------------------------------------delete demo-------------------------------------------------------------- // 刪除lison1對jack的全部評論 (批量刪除) // db.users.update({"username":「jack"}, // {"$pull":{"comments":{"author":"lison23"}}}) @Test public void deleteByAuthorComment(){ Document comment = new Document().append("author", "lison23"); Bson filter = eq("username","jack"); Bson update = pull("comments",comment); UpdateResult updateOne = collection.updateOne(filter, update); System.out.println(updateOne.getModifiedCount()); } // 刪除lison5對lison評語爲「lison是蒼老師的小迷弟」的評論(精確刪除) // db.users.update({"username":"lison"}, // {"$pull":{"comments":{"author":"lison5", // "content":"lison是蒼老師的小迷弟"}}}) @Test public void deleteByAuthorContentComment(){ Document comment = new Document().append("author", "lison5") .append("content", "lison是蒼老師的小迷弟"); Bson filter = eq("username","lison"); Bson update = pull("comments",comment); UpdateResult updateOne = collection.updateOne(filter, update); System.out.println(updateOne.getModifiedCount()); } //--------------------------------------update demo-------------------------------------------------------------- // db.users.updateMany({"username":"jack","comments.author":"lison1"}, // {"$set":{"comments.$.content":"xxoo", // "comments.$.author":"lison10" }}) // 含義:精確修改某人某一條精確的評論,若是有多個符合條件的數據,則修改最後一條數據。沒法批量修改數組元素 @Test public void updateOneComment(){ Bson filter = and(eq("username","jack"),eq("comments.author","lison01")); Bson updateContent = set("comments.$.content","xxoo"); Bson updateAuthor = set("comments.$.author","lison10"); Bson update = combine(updateContent,updateAuthor); UpdateResult updateOne = collection.updateOne(filter, update); System.out.println(updateOne.getModifiedCount()); } //--------------------------------------findandModify demo-------------------------------------------------------------- // 使用findandModify方法在修改數據同時返回更新前的數據或更新後的數據 // db.num.findAndModify({ // "query":{"_id":ObjectId("5a58cef99506c50abaeb4384")}, // "update":{"$inc":{"saleOrder":1}}, // "new":true // }) @Test public void findAndModifyTest(){ Bson filter = eq("_id",new ObjectId("5a5a3a87d7598152855d758e")); Bson update = inc("saleOrder",1); // //實例化findAndModify的配置選項 FindOneAndUpdateOptions fauo = new FindOneAndUpdateOptions(); // //配置"new":true fauo.returnDocument(ReturnDocument.AFTER);// MongoCollection<Document> numCollection = db.getCollection("myOrder"); Document ret = numCollection.findOneAndUpdate(filter, update,fauo); System.out.println(ret.toJson()); } }
Spring實現代碼
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class SpringUpdateObjArray { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SpringUpdateObjArray.class); @Resource private MongoOperations tempelate; //--------------------------------------insert demo-------------------------------------------------------------- //給jack老師增長一條評論($push) //db.users.updateOne({"username":"jack"}, // {"$push":{"comments":{"author":"lison23","content":"ydddyyytttt"}}}) @Test public void addOneComment(){ Query query = query(Criteria.where("username").is("jack")); Comment comment = new Comment(); comment.setAuthor("lison23"); comment.setContent("ydddyyytttt"); Update push = new Update().push("comments", comment); WriteResult updateFirst = tempelate.updateFirst(query, push, User.class); System.out.println(updateFirst.getN()); } // 給jack老師批量新增兩條評論($push,$each) // db.users.updateOne({"username":"jack"}, // {"$push":{"comments": // {"$each":[{"author":"lison33","content":"lison33lison33"}, // {"author":"lison44","content":"lison44lison44"}]}}}) @Test public void addManyComment(){ Query query = query(Criteria.where("username").is("jack")); Comment comment1 = new Comment(); comment1.setAuthor("lison55"); comment1.setContent("lison55lison55"); Comment comment2 = new Comment(); comment2.setAuthor("lison66"); comment2.setContent("lison66lison66"); Update push = new Update().pushAll("comments", new Comment[]{comment1,comment2}); WriteResult updateFirst = tempelate.updateFirst(query, push, User.class); System.out.println(updateFirst.getN()); } // 給jack老師批量新增兩條評論並對數組進行排序($push,$eachm,$sort) // db.users.updateOne({"username":"jack"}, // {"$push": {"comments": // {"$each":[ {"author":"lison22","content":"yyyytttt"}, // {"author":"lison23","content":"ydddyyytttt"} ], // $sort: {"author":1} } } }) @Test public void addManySortComment(){ Query query = query(Criteria.where("username").is("jack")); Comment comment1 = new Comment(); comment1.setAuthor("lison77"); comment1.setContent("lison55lison55"); Comment comment2 = new Comment(); comment2.setAuthor("lison88"); comment2.setContent("lison66lison66"); Update update = new Update(); PushOperatorBuilder pob = update.push("comments"); pob.each(comment1,comment2); pob.sort(new Sort(new Sort.Order(Direction.DESC, "author"))); System.out.println("---------------"); WriteResult updateFirst = tempelate.updateFirst(query, update,User.class); System.out.println(updateFirst.getN()); } //--------------------------------------delete demo-------------------------------------------------------------- // 刪除lison1對jack的全部評論 (批量刪除) // db.users.update({"username":「jack"}, // {"$pull":{"comments":{"author":"lison23"}}}) @Test public void deleteByAuthorComment(){ Query query = query(Criteria.where("username").is("jack")); Comment comment1 = new Comment(); comment1.setAuthor("lison55"); Update pull = new Update().pull("comments",comment1); WriteResult updateFirst = tempelate.updateFirst(query, pull, User.class); System.out.println(updateFirst.getN()); } // 刪除lison5對lison評語爲「lison是蒼老師的小迷弟」的評論(精確刪除) // db.users.update({"username":"lison"}, // {"$pull":{"comments":{"author":"lison5", // "content":"lison是蒼老師的小迷弟"}}}) @Test public void deleteByAuthorContentComment(){ Query query = query(Criteria.where("username").is("lison")); Comment comment1 = new Comment(); comment1.setAuthor("lison5"); comment1.setContent("lison是蒼老師的小迷弟"); Update pull = new Update().pull("comments",comment1); WriteResult updateFirst = tempelate.updateFirst(query, pull, User.class); System.out.println(updateFirst.getN()); } //--------------------------------------update demo-------------------------------------------------------------- // db.users.updateMany({"username":"jack","comments.author":"lison1"}, // {"$set":{"comments.$.content":"xxoo", // "comments.$.author":"lison10" }}) // 含義:精確修改某人某一條精確的評論,若是有多個符合條件的數據,則修改最後一條數據。沒法批量修改數組元素 @Test public void updateOneComment(){ Query query = query(where("username").is("lison").and("comments.author").is("lison4")); Update update = update("comments.$.content","xxoo").set("comments.$.author","lison11"); WriteResult updateFirst = tempelate.updateFirst(query, update, User.class); System.out.println(updateFirst.getN()); } //--------------------------------------findandModify demo-------------------------------------------------------------- //使用findandModify方法在修改數據同時返回更新前的數據或更新後的數據 //db.num.findAndModify({ // "query":{"_id":ObjectId("5a58cef99506c50abaeb4384")}, // "update":{"$inc":{"saleOrder":1}}, // "new":true // }) @Test public void findAndModifyTest(){ Query query = query(where("_id").is(new ObjectId("5a5a3a87d7598152855d758e"))); Update update = new Update().inc("saleOrder", 1); FindAndModifyOptions famo = FindAndModifyOptions.options().returnNew(true); MyOrder ret = tempelate.findAndModify(query, update,famo, MyOrder.class); System.out.println(ret.getSaleOrder()); } }