Centos6.5安裝Oracle11.2.0.4 RAC(完整版)

環境參數：Linux：Centos6.5 Grid和Oracle:11.2.0.4
1、環境配置
1.配置Node1和Node2兩個節點之間的網卡
Node1:

[root@rac1 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=08:00:27:E6:6A:DF
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=543aef46-94aa-442f-9259-8584588c5e66
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.8.221
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.8.1
DNS1=221.228.255.1

[root@rac1 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
HWADDR=08:00:27:72:5A:8F
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=172.168.1.18

Node2:

[root@rac2 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=08:00:27:1B:D9:5A
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=543aef46-94aa-442f-9259-8584588c5e66
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.8.223
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.8.1
DNS1=221.228.255.1

[root@rac2 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
HWADDR=08:00:27:39:5F:8C
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=172.168.1.19

2.配置/etc/hosts主機文件

[root@rac1 network-scripts]# cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

#node1
192.168.8.221 rac1 rac1.oracle.com
192.168.8.222 rac1-vip
172.168.1.18  rac1-priv

#node2
192.168.8.223 rac2 rac2.oracle.com
192.168.8.224 rac2-vip
172.168.1.19  rac2-priv

#scan-ip
192.168.8.225 rac-cluster rac-cluster-scan

3.配置DNS(略，能夠暫時不配置)

4.關閉防火牆

 

service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off

5.關閉Selinux

vim /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

6.建立用戶和組

 

--建立用戶:
groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
groupadd -g 1200 asmadmin
groupadd -g 1201 asmdba
groupadd -g 1202 asmoper
groupadd -g 1300 dba
groupadd -g 1301 oper
--建立組：
useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid
useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba oracle
--建立密碼：
passwd grid
passwd oracle

7.配置用戶的環境變量

Node1：

 

--grid用戶:
export PATH
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/grid/11.2.0
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss'
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export LANG=en_US
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
umask 022

--oracle用戶:
export PATH
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
#export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export LANG=en_US
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss'
umask 022

Node2：

 

--grid用戶:
export PATH
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/grid/11.2.0
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss'
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export LANG=en_US
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
umask 022

--oracle用戶:
export PATH
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac2
export ORACLE_SID=orcl2
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
#export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export LANG=en_US
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss'
umask 022

8.建立所需目錄

 

mkdir -p /u01/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid/11.2.0
mkdir -p /u01/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid/11.2.0
chmod -R 775 /u01

9.配置limits.conf增長如配置

 

vim /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle           soft   nofile           1024
oracle           hard   nofile           65536
oracle           soft   nproc            2047
oracle           hard   nproc            16384
oracle           soft   stack            10240
oracle           hard   stack            32768
grid             soft   nofile           1024
grid             hard   nofile           65536
grid             soft   nproc            2047
grid             hard   nproc            16384
grid             soft   stack            10240
grid             hard   stack            32768

10.修改內核參數

 

--注意將原來參數shmmall和shmmax註釋掉
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

--使sysctl生效
sysctl -p

11.中止NTP服務

 

service ntpd stop
chkconfig ntpd off
mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

11.安裝相關軟件包

yum install gcc compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel glibc-devel glibc-headers gcc-c++ libaio-devel libstdc++-devel pdksh compat-libcap1-*

 

12.配置共享存儲

for i in b c d e f g ;
do
echo "KERNEL==\"sd*\", BUS==\"scsi\", PROGRAM==\"/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/\$name\", RESULT==\"`/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`\", NAME=\"asm-disk$i\", OWNER=\"grid\", GROUP=\"asmadmin\", MODE=\"0660\""      >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
done

--執行
/sbin/start_udev

 

13.上傳並解壓grid和oracle安裝包(略)

 

2、Grid軟件安裝

1.安裝grid，以grid用戶登陸，並執行./runInstaller進入安裝界面

2.進入界面選擇跳過軟件更新，點擊Next

2.選擇Grid Infrastructure，點擊Next：

3.選擇高級安裝，點擊Next

4.默認Englist，點擊Next

5.去掉Configure GNS選項，點擊Next

6.點擊Add選項，輸入對應參數，參考/etc/hosts文件中配置

7.點擊SSH Connectivity,輸入grid的密碼，點擊Setup等待配置完成，而後點擊Next

8.確認網絡接口，eth0爲Public,eth1爲Private

9.選擇Oracle ASM,點擊Next

10.輸入Disk Group Name,點擊Change Discovery Path，在彈出的對話框中輸入磁盤的路徑，點擊OK

11.選擇ASM磁盤，點擊Next

11.輸入口令密碼，點擊Next

12.選擇不使用IPMI，點擊Next

13.默認選擇，點擊Next

14.確認Grid的安裝路徑，其中Grid軟件的ORACLE_HOME不能是ORACLE_BASE的子目錄

15.默認Inverntory,點擊Next

16.該錯誤能夠從Grid的安裝文件的rpm目錄下獲取，Node1和Node2都安裝便可，Device Checks for ASM可忽略

17.進入安裝Grid安裝前的概要信息界面，點擊Install進行安裝

18.根據紅框中信息，如今Node1節點執行2個腳本，Node1節點所有執行完畢後，再在Node2上分別執行2個腳本，所有執行完畢後，點擊OK，執行下一步

腳本執行結果以下

Node1：

 

[root@rac1 rpm]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.

[root@rac1 rpm]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g

The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= grid
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...


Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Creating trace directory
User ignored Prerequisites during installation
Installing Trace File Analyzer
OLR initialization - successful
root wallet
root wallet cert
root cert export
peer wallet
profile reader wallet
pa wallet
peer wallet keys
pa wallet keys
peer cert request
pa cert request
peer cert
pa cert
peer root cert TP
profile reader root cert TP
pa root cert TP
peer pa cert TP
pa peer cert TP
profile reader pa cert TP
profile reader peer cert TP
peer user cert
pa user cert
Adding Clusterware entries to upstart
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.mdnsd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gpnpd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'rac1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gipcd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gipcd' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on 'rac1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'rac1' succeeded

ASM created and started successfully.

Disk Group SYSTEMDG created successfully.

clscfg: -install mode specified
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..
Operation successful.
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
Successful addition of voting disk 03bd9e6851cf4fb4bf4c92e24a3d71cc.
Successful addition of voting disk 362f2cfb5b3d4f29bf319c668e0efbe4.
Successful addition of voting disk 57659c53f4284fbdbfeabafb20c3fbdd.
Successfully replaced voting disk group with +SYSTEMDG.
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE 03bd9e6851cf4fb4bf4c92e24a3d71cc (/dev/asm-diskb) [SYSTEMDG]
2. ONLINE 362f2cfb5b3d4f29bf319c668e0efbe4 (/dev/asm-diskc) [SYSTEMDG]
3. ONLINE 57659c53f4284fbdbfeabafb20c3fbdd (/dev/asm-diskd) [SYSTEMDG]
Located 3 voting disk(s).
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on 'rac1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.SYSTEMDG.dg' on 'rac1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.SYSTEMDG.dg' on 'rac1' succeeded
Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded

Node2：

[root@rac2 grid]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.

[root@rac2 grid]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g

The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= grid
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...


Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Creating trace directory
User ignored Prerequisites during installation
Installing Trace File Analyzer
OLR initialization - successful
Adding Clusterware entries to upstart
CRS-4402: The CSS daemon was started in exclusive mode but found an active CSS daemon on node rac1, number 1, and is terminating
An active cluster was found during exclusive startup, restarting to join the cluster
Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded

19.臨近執行完畢時，報了一個INS-20802的這種錯誤，致使這個錯誤的緣由是在/etc/hosts中配置了SCAN的地址，嘗試ping這個地址信息，若是能夠成功，則這個錯誤能夠忽略。

20.最後單擊Close，完成Grid軟件在Node1和Node2的安裝操做

 

3、安裝Oracle軟件

1.安裝oracle，以oracle用戶登陸，並執行./runInstaller進入安裝界面

2.直接點擊Next

3.選擇跳過軟件更新，點擊Next

4.選則只安裝數據庫軟件，點擊Next

5.點擊SSH Connectivity,輸入Oracle的密碼，點擊setup，有以下提示，說明成功

6.默認English，點擊Next

7.選擇Enterprise Edition

8.默認路徑，點擊Next

9.選擇Oracle用戶組，默認選擇，點擊Next

10.Swap size錯誤增大便可，SCAN錯誤前面說過，選擇Ignore all，點擊Next

11.Oracle安裝概要信息，點擊Next

12.分別在Node1和Node2執行腳本

13.最後點擊Close安裝完成

 

4、建立ASM磁盤組

1.以grid用戶登陸，輸入asmca命令，彈出ASM配置界面，點擊Create

2.輸入Disk Group Name，點擊OK，會提示建立成功

3.建立成功後，會發現多出來一行記錄，可是在state只顯示MOUNTED(1of2)

4.點擊Mount ALL,成功後state顯示MOUNTED(2of2)，點擊Exit退出

 

5、安裝數據庫實例

1.使用Oracle用戶登陸，執行dbca命令，彈出以下界面，選擇第一項，點擊Next

2.點擊建立數據庫選項，點擊Next

3.根據工做中的實際狀況選擇對應的模板，這裏以默認模板爲例

4.選擇rac1和rac2，輸入orcl實例名，點擊Next

5.根據實際狀況選擇是否配置EM，點擊Next

6.配置Oracle相關密碼，點擊Next

7.選擇存儲ASM,默認選擇以前建立的磁盤組，點擊Next

8.根據實際狀況選擇是否啓用閃回恢復區，若是啓用，須要在asmca中配置閃回區或放入到DATADG中，這裏不配置

9.根據實際選擇，這裏不選擇，點擊Next

10.這裏着重注意下配置正確的字符集，根據實際生產要求，點擊Next

11.默認選擇數據庫存儲信息，點擊Next

12.點擊Finish，開始建立數據庫

13.最後完成數據庫建立

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