Elasticsearch集羣搭建(基於Elasticsearch7.5.1)

Elasticsearch集羣搭建

環境介紹:CentOS七、jdk11.0.五、Elasticsearch7.5.1html

準備三臺Linux系統,本教程使用的是CentOS7以下IP地址:node

192.168.28.129
192.168.28.130
192.168.29.131

注意:
以上三臺Linux系統都要安裝jdklinux

下載Elasticsearch

Linux: elasticsearch-7.5.1-linux-x86_64.tar.gzbootstrap

curl -L -O https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-7.5.1-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

系統設置

Elasticsearch不能在 root 用戶下啓動,咱們須要在三臺機器上分別建立一個普通用戶:vim

# 建立elastic用戶
useradd elastic
# 設置用戶密碼
passwd elastic
# 切換到elastic用戶
su elastic

分別在三臺機器上的 /home/elastic/ 目錄下建立elasticsearch文件夾,而後在elasticsearch文件夾下分別建立data、logs文件夾:服務器

cd /home/elastic/
mkdir -p elasticsearch/data
mkdir -p elasticsearch/logs

在生產環境下咱們要把Elasticsearch生成的索引文件數據存放到自定義的目錄下
data:存儲Elasticsearch索引文件數據
logs:存儲日誌文件app

配置Elasticsearch

咱們只須要簡單的配置一下Elasticsearch就能夠使用了curl

首先咱們將下載好的 elasticsearch-7.5.1-linux-x86_64.tar.gz 壓縮包上傳到 192.168.28.129 這臺機器上的 /home/elastic/elasticsearch/ 目錄下,隨便那一臺機器均可以沒有順序區分。elasticsearch

解壓 elasticsearch-7.5.1-linux-x86_64.tar.gzide

tar -xvf elasticsearch-7.5.1-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

解壓完成後在 /home/elastic/elasticsearch/ 目錄下輸入 ll 命令查看當前目錄下的全部文件和文件夾以下:
image.png

修改elasticsearch.yml

輸入以下命令修改 elasticsearch.yml 配置文件:

vi elasticsearch-7.5.1/config/elasticsearch.yml

修改後的配置文件以下,能夠直接複製:

# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
#
# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
#       Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
#       understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
#
# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
#
# Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html
#
# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for your cluster:
#
cluster.name: my-application
#
# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
#
# Use a descriptive name for the node:
#
node.name: node-1
#
# Add custom attributes to the node:
#
#node.attr.rack: r1
#
# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
#
# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
#
path.data: /home/elastic/elasticsearch/data
#
# Path to log files:
#
path.logs: /home/elastic/elasticsearch/logs
#
# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
#
# Lock the memory on startup:
#
#bootstrap.memory_lock: true
#
# Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
# limit.
#
# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
#
# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
#
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
#
network.host: 192.168.28.129
#
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#
http.port: 9200
#
# For more information, consult the network module documentation.
#
# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
#
# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when this node is started:
# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
#
discovery.seed_hosts: ["192.168.28.129", "192.168.28.130", "192.168.28.131"]
#
# Bootstrap the cluster using an initial set of master-eligible nodes:
#
cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1", "node-2", "node-3"]
#
# For more information, consult the discovery and cluster formation module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
#
# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
#
#gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
#
# For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.
#
# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
#
# Require explicit names when deleting indices:
#
#action.destructive_requires_name: true
#
# ---------------------------------- xpack -------------------------------------
#
xpack.monitoring.collection.enabled: true

主要修改以下幾處配置:

  1. cluster.name:集羣的名稱,集羣中全部節點的 cluster.name 的值必需要相同。
  2. node.name:集羣中每一個Elasticsearch的節點名稱,不能夠重複。
  3. path.data:設置存放Elasticsearch索引文件數據的路徑。
  4. path.logs:設置存放日誌文件的路徑。
  5. network.host:Elasticsearch綁定的IP,外界能夠經過這個IP訪問到當前Elasticsearch節點,通常配配置當前系統的IP,或者 0.0.0.0 (任何地址都能訪問到)。
  6. http.port:當前啓動Elasticsearch的端口號,通常默認 9200 便可,固然你也能夠修改
  7. discovery.seed_hosts:配置全部Elasticsearch節點綁定的IP地址。
  8. cluster.initial_master_nodes:配置那些節點能夠有資格被選爲主節點。
  9. xpack.monitoring.collection.enabled:收集監控數據默認爲false不收集監控數據。

咱們已經配置好一臺Elasticsearch節點了接下來咱們只須要把這臺配置好的Elasticsearch複製到另外兩臺機器中在作一些簡單的修改就就能夠了。

咱們使用 scp 命令複製當前配置好的Elasticsearch到另外兩臺機器中:

scp -r /home/elastic/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-7.5.1 elastic@192.168.28.130:/home/elastic/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-7.5.1
scp -r /home/elastic/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-7.5.1 elastic@192.168.28.131:/home/elastic/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-7.5.1

分別在兩臺機器中修改幾處配置:
192.168.28.130 這臺機器修改elasticsearch.yml配置文件以下:

node.name: node-2
network.host: 192.168.28.130

192.168.28.131 這臺機器修改elasticsearch.yml配置文件以下:

node.name: node-3
network.host: 192.168.28.131

啓動Elasticsearch

從命令行運行Elasticsearch

Elasticsearch能夠從命令行啓動,以下所示:

./bin/elasticsearch

做爲後臺啓動

要將Elasticsearch做爲後臺程序運行,請在命令中指定-d,而後使用-p將進程ID記錄在文件中:

./bin/elasticsearch -d -p pid

分別在三臺機器上啓動Elasticsearch,啓動過程當中建議單個機器啓動成功後在啓動另外一臺。

注意:
在啓動過程當中若是出現錯誤請看下面章節

設置系統配置

下面的全部修改在生產環境下均可能不會出現,若是出現了就作相應的修改便可
修改系統配置文件須要切換到 root 用戶下:

su root

會提示你輸入 root 用戶密碼,輸入正確的密碼便可

設置虛擬內存

將虛擬內存設置大一些,不然在啓動elasticsearch時會出錯致使啓動失敗:

ERROR: [1] bootstrap checks failed
[1]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]

輸入 vi /etc/sysctl.conf 命令在 sysctl.conf 中配置以下內容:

vm.max_map_count=655360

接着輸入以下命令讓配置生效:

sysctl -p

設置最大文件描述符

在啓動Elasticsearch有可能會出現以下錯誤:

[1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at
least [65536]

錯誤說明:elasticsearch過程的最大文件描述符 [4096] 過低,增長到
最少 [65536]

接下來咱們修改最大文件描述符,輸入 vi /etc/security/limits.conf 命令在 limits.conf 中配置以下內容:

* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 2048
* hard nproc 4096

設置最大線程數

在啓動Elasticsearch有可能會出現以下錯誤:

[2]: max number of threads [1024] for user [elsearch] is too low, increase to at least[4096]

錯誤說明:線程[1024]用戶[elsearch]的最大數量過低,增長至少[4096]

接下來咱們修改線程數,輸入 vi /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf 命令在 20-nproc.conf 中配置以下內容:

* soft nproc 4096

SecComp

在啓動Elasticsearch有可能會出現以下錯誤:

[3]: system call filters failed to install; check the logs and fix your configuration or disable system call filters at your own risk

錯誤說明:系統調用過濾器安裝失敗;檢查日誌和修復配置或禁用系統調用過濾器須要您自擔風險
這是在由於 Centos7 不支持 SecComp ,而ES5.2.0以後默認 bootstrap.system_call_filtertrue進行檢測,因此致使檢測失敗,失敗後直接致使ES不能啓動。

接下來咱們修改配置文件,輸入 vim config/elasticsearch.yml 命令,在 elasticsearch.yml 中配置以下內容:

# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
#
# Lock the memory on startup:
#
#bootstrap.memory_lock: true
# 設置爲false不進行檢測
bootstrap.system_call_filter: false
#
# Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
# limit.
#
# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
#

檢查集羣

上面咱們已經搭建好了三個節點的集羣,而且已經啓動了。

接下來咱們來檢查一下集羣是否已經造成,給三臺服務器中的任意一臺發送http請求:

http://192.168.28.129:9200/_cat/health?v

應該會反饋以下內容:

epoch      timestamp cluster        status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent
1579067395 05:49:55  my-application green           3         3     22  11    0    0        0             0                  -                100.0%

cluster:顯示的是當前集羣的名稱
status:顯示的是 green 表示當前集羣是健康的狀態
node.total:顯示 3 表示當前集羣有三個節點

最後咱們的Elasticsearch集羣已經搭建好了,本教程主要參考Elastic官方文檔

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