爬取所有的校園新聞

做業來源於：https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE1/homework/3002

1.重新聞url獲取點擊次數，並整理成函數

• newsUrl
• newsId(re.search())
• clickUrl(str.format())
• requests.get(clickUrl)
• re.search()/.split()
• str.lstrip(),str.rstrip()
• int
• 整理成函數
• 獲取新聞發佈時間及類型轉換也整理成函數

2.重新聞url獲取新聞詳情： 字典,anews

3.從列表頁的url獲取新聞url：列表append(字典) alist

4.生成所頁列表頁的url並獲取所有新聞 ：列表extend(列表) allnews

*每一個同窗爬學號尾數開始的10個列表頁

5.設置合理的爬取間隔

import time

import random

time.sleep(random.random()*3)

5.用pandas作簡單的數據處理並保存

保存到csv或excel文件 

newsdf.to_csv(r'F:\duym\爬蟲\gzccnews.csv')

 

import re
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from datetime import datetime
import requests
import pandas as pd
import time
import random

"""新聞點擊次數"""
def newsClick(newsUrl):
    newsId = re.findall('(\d+)', newsUrl)[-1]
    clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(newsId)
    resClicks = requests.get(clickUrl).text
    resClick = int(re.search("hits'[)].html[(]'(\d*)'[)]", resClicks).groups(0)[0])
    return resClick

"""新聞發佈時間"""
def newsDateTime(showinfo):
    newsDate = showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1]
    newsTime = showinfo.split()[1]
    newsDateTime = newsDate + ' ' + newsTime
    dateTime = datetime.strptime(newsDateTime, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')  #類型轉換
    return dateTime

"""新聞字典"""
def newsDicts(newsUrl):
    newsText = requests.get(newsUrl)
    newsText.encoding = 'utf-8'
    newsSoup = BeautifulSoup(newsText.text, 'html.parser')
    newsDict = {}
    newsDict['newsTitle'] = newsSoup.select('.show-title')[0].text
    showinfo = newsSoup.select('.show-info')[0].text
    newsDict['newsDateTime'] = newsDateTime(showinfo)
    newsDict['newsClick'] = newsClick(newsUrl)
    return newsDict

"""新聞列表"""
def newsList(newsUrl):
    newsText = requests.get(newsUrl)
    newsText.encoding = 'utf-8'
    newsSoup = BeautifulSoup(newsText.text, 'html.parser')
    newsList = []
    for news in newsSoup.select('li'):
        if len(news.select('.news-list-title')) > 0:
            url = news.select('a')[0]['href']
            newsDesc = news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
            newsDict = newsDicts(url)
            newsDict['newsUrl'] = url
            newsDict['description'] = newsDesc
            newsList.append(newsDict)
    return newsList

"""29-39頁新聞列表"""
def allNews():
    allnews = []
    for i in range(29,40):
        newsUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i)
        allnews.extend(newsList(newsUrl))
        time.sleep(random.random() * 3)   #爬取間隔
    return allnews

newsDF = pd.DataFrame(allNews())
newsDF.to_csv('gzccnews.csv')   #保存爲csv文件