XtraBackup全備與增量備份

時間 2019-12-01

標籤 xtrabackup 增量備份简体版

原文原文鏈接

1、XtraBackup安裝mysql

下載地址：http://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/XtraBackup-2.2.8/source/c++

安裝步驟：sql

================================
How to build XtraBackup on Linux
================================

Prerequisites
-------------
$ yum install cmake gcc gcc-c++ libaio libaio-devel automake autoconf bzr bison libtool ncurses5-devel

Compiling with CMake
--------------------
$ cmake -DBUILD_CONFIG=xtrabackup_release && make -j4

Installation
------------
$ make install

will install all XtraBackup binaries, the innobackupex script and tests to /usr/local/xtrabackup. You can override this either with 「make DESTDIR=... install」 or by changing the installation layout with 「cmake -DINSTALL_LAYOUT=...」.數據庫

若是出現下面報錯，須要 yum install crypt* ; yum install libgcrypt*app

CMake Error at cmake/gcrypt.cmake:25 (MESSAGE):
  Cannot find gcrypt.h in /usr/include;/usr/local/include;/opt/local/include.
  You can use libgcrypt-config --cflags to get the necessary path and pass it
  to CMake with -DGCRYPT_INCLUDE_PATH=<path>
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  storage/innobase/xtrabackup/src/CMakeLists.txt:20 (FIND_GCRYPT)


CMake Error at cmake/gcrypt.cmake:36 (MESSAGE):
  Cannot find libgcrypt shared libraries in
  /usr/lib;/usr/local/lib;/opt/local/lib.  You can use libgcrypt-config
  --libs to get the necessary path and pass it to CMake with
  -DGCRYPT_LIB_PATH=<path>
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  storage/innobase/xtrabackup/src/CMakeLists.txt:20 (FIND_GCRYPT)

2、xtrabackup全備測試ide

普通備份(全量備份)
[root@server mysql]# mkdir /data/mysql/databak
[root@server mysql]# xtrabackup --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --backup --target-dir=/data/mysql/databak/
[root@server mysql]# cp -rp data/test/students.frm databak/test/
注意：xtrabackup只備份數據文件，並不備份數據表結構(.frm)，因此這裏要手動備份一下，以便xtrabackup恢復的時候使用，若是是作了分表分文件保存的話，就須要挑出.frm表結構，表數據文件.ibd不須要複製測試

全量備份恢復
實施對備份文件進行恢復前的準備
[root@server mysql]# xtrabackup --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --prepare --target-dir=/data/mysql/databak/
從備份目錄複製對應數據庫表結構到默認的數據目錄[若是是作了分表分文件，則須要所有複製到默認的數據目錄]
cp -r /data/mysql/databak/test /data/mysql/data/
刪除默認數據目錄中對應的數據文件並複製備份的數據文件到默認數據目錄
rm /data/mysql/data/ib*
cp /data/mysql/databak/ib* /data/mysql/data/
修改數據目錄權限[注意細節：mysql庫的全部者是mysql，組是root]
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/data
重啓MySQL
[root@server data]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restartui

3、xtrabackup增量備份測試this

1. 全備
[root@server databak]# mkdir /data/mysql/databak/
[root@server mysql]# xtrabackup --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --backup --target-dir=/data/mysql/databak/
[root@server mysql]# cp -rp data/test/students.frm databak/test/
2. 增量備份
[root@server databak]# mkdir /data/mysql/databak/delta/
[root@server databak]# xtrabackup --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --backup --incremental-basedir=/data/mysql/databak/ --target-dir=/data/mysql/databak/delta/atom

3. 備份恢復準備[這裏沒有完成增量備份，增量備份數據恢復失敗]

[root@server data]# xtrabackup --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --prepare --target-dir=/data/mysql/databak/
[root@server data]# xtrabackup --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --prepare --target-dir=/data/mysql/databak/ --incremental-dir/=/data/mysql/databak/delta/

4. 恢復數據庫

從備份目錄複製對應數據庫表結構到默認的數據目錄[若是是作了分表分文件，則須要所有複製到默認的數據目錄]
cp -r /data/mysql/databak/test /data/mysql/data/
刪除默認數據目錄中對應的數據文件並複製備份的數據文件到默認數據目錄
rm /data/mysql/data/ib*
cp /data/mysql/databak/ib* /data/mysql/data/
修改數據目錄權限[注意細節：mysql庫的全部者是mysql，組是root]
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/data

4、用innobackupex 執行全備與增量備份

innobackupex全備和增量備份
1. 全備

[root@server mysql]# innobackupex --user=root --password=redhat /data/mysql/databak/
innobackupex: got a fatal error with the following stacktrace: at /usr/bin/innobackupex line 3637
main::init() called at /usr/bin/innobackupex line 1557
innobackupex: Error: option 'datadir' has different values:
'/var/lib/mysql' in defaults file
'/data/mysql/data/' in SHOW VARIABLES

執行失敗，須要指定配置文件路徑：

[root@server xtrabackup]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --user=root --password=redhat /data/mysql/databak/

InnoDB Backup Utility v1.5.1-xtrabackup; Copyright 2003, 2009 Innobase Oy
and Percona LLC and/or its affiliates 2009-2013.  All Rights Reserved.

This software is published under
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

150204 19:00:03  innobackupex: Connecting to MySQL server with DSN 'dbi:mysql:;mysql_read_default_file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf;mysql_read_default_group=xtrabackup' as 'root'  (using password: YES).
150204 19:00:03  innobackupex: Connected to MySQL server
150204 19:00:03  innobackupex: Executing a version check against the server...
150204 19:00:03  innobackupex: Done.
150204 19:00:03  innobackupex: Starting the backup operation

IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully.
           At the end of a successful backup run innobackupex
           prints "completed OK!".

innobackupex:  Using server version 5.5.30

innobackupex: Created backup directory /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03

150204 19:00:03  innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup  --defaults-file="/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf"  --defaults-group="mysqld" --backup --suspend-at-end --target-dir=/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03 --tmpdir=/tmp --extra-lsndir='/tmp'
innobackupex: Waiting for ibbackup (pid=19209) to suspend
innobackupex: Suspend file '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/xtrabackup_suspended_2'

xtrabackup version 2.2.8 based on MySQL server 5.6.22 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: )
xtrabackup: uses posix_fadvise().
xtrabackup: cd to /data/mysql/data/
xtrabackup: open files limit requested 0, set to 1024
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration:
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/data
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 5242880
xtrabackup: using O_DIRECT
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
xtrabackup: Generating a list of tablespaces
[01] Copying /data/mysql/data/ibdata1 to /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/ibdata1
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
[01]        ...done
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
[01] Copying ./test/students.ibd to /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/test/students.ibd
[01]        ...done
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
xtrabackup: Creating suspend file '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/xtrabackup_suspended_2' with pid '19209'

150204 19:00:17  innobackupex: Continuing after ibbackup has suspended
150204 19:00:17  innobackupex: Executing FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK...
150204 19:00:17  innobackupex: All tables locked and flushed to disk

150204 19:00:17  innobackupex: Starting to backup non-InnoDB tables and files
innobackupex: in subdirectories of '/data/mysql/data/'
innobackupex: Backing up files '/data/mysql/data//performance_schema/*.{frm,isl,MYD,MYI,MAD,MAI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}' (18 files)
>> log scanned up to (1602080)
innobackupex: Backing up file '/data/mysql/data//test/students.frm'
innobackupex: Backing up files '/data/mysql/data//mysql/*.{frm,isl,MYD,MYI,MAD,MAI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}' (72 files)
150204 19:00:17  innobackupex: Finished backing up non-InnoDB tables and files

150204 19:00:17  innobackupex: Executing FLUSH NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG ENGINE LOGS...
150204 19:00:17  innobackupex: Waiting for log copying to finish

xtrabackup: The latest check point (for incremental): '1602080'
xtrabackup: Stopping log copying thread.
.>> log scanned up to (1602080)

xtrabackup: Creating suspend file '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/xtrabackup_log_copied' with pid '19209'
xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (1602080) to (1602080) was copied.
150204 19:00:18  innobackupex: All tables unlocked

innobackupex: Backup created in directory '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03'
150204 19:00:18  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed
150204 19:00:18  innobackupex: completed OK!

2. 第一次增量備份
#--incremental：增量備份的文件夾
#--incremental-dir：針對哪一個作增量備份

[root@server databak]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --user=root --password=redhat --incremental  /data/mysql/databak/ --incremental-dir /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/

InnoDB Backup Utility v1.5.1-xtrabackup; Copyright 2003, 2009 Innobase Oy
and Percona LLC and/or its affiliates 2009-2013.  All Rights Reserved.

This software is published under
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

150204 19:03:58  innobackupex: Connecting to MySQL server with DSN 'dbi:mysql:;mysql_read_default_file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf;mysql_read_default_group=xtrabackup' as 'root'  (using password: YES).
150204 19:03:58  innobackupex: Connected to MySQL server
150204 19:03:58  innobackupex: Executing a version check against the server...
150204 19:03:58  innobackupex: Done.
150204 19:03:58  innobackupex: Starting the backup operation

IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully.
           At the end of a successful backup run innobackupex
           prints "completed OK!".

innobackupex:  Using server version 5.5.30

innobackupex: Created backup directory /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58

150204 19:03:58  innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup  --defaults-file="/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf"  --defaults-group="mysqld" --backup --suspend-at-end --target-dir=/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58 --tmpdir=/tmp --extra-lsndir='/tmp' --incremental-basedir='/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03'
innobackupex: Waiting for ibbackup (pid=19349) to suspend
innobackupex: Suspend file '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/xtrabackup_suspended_2'

xtrabackup version 2.2.8 based on MySQL server 5.6.22 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: )
incremental backup from 1602080 is enabled.
xtrabackup: uses posix_fadvise().
xtrabackup: cd to /data/mysql/data/
xtrabackup: open files limit requested 0, set to 1024
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration:
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/data
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 5242880
xtrabackup: using O_DIRECT
>> log scanned up to (1602919)
xtrabackup: Generating a list of tablespaces
xtrabackup: using the full scan for incremental backup
[01] Copying /data/mysql/data/ibdata1 to /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/ibdata1.delta
>> log scanned up to (1602919)
>> log scanned up to (1602919)
>> log scanned up to (1602919)
>> log scanned up to (1602919)
>> log scanned up to (1602919)
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying ./test/students.ibd to /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/test/students.ibd.delta
[01]        ...done
>> log scanned up to (1602919)
xtrabackup: Creating suspend file '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/xtrabackup_suspended_2' with pid '19349'

150204 19:04:05  innobackupex: Continuing after ibbackup has suspended
150204 19:04:05  innobackupex: Executing FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK...
150204 19:04:05  innobackupex: All tables locked and flushed to disk

150204 19:04:05  innobackupex: Starting to backup non-InnoDB tables and files
innobackupex: in subdirectories of '/data/mysql/data/'
innobackupex: Backing up files '/data/mysql/data//performance_schema/*.{frm,isl,MYD,MYI,MAD,MAI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}' (18 files)
>> log scanned up to (1602919)
innobackupex: Backing up file '/data/mysql/data//test/students.frm'
innobackupex: Backing up files '/data/mysql/data//mysql/*.{frm,isl,MYD,MYI,MAD,MAI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}' (72 files)
150204 19:04:06  innobackupex: Finished backing up non-InnoDB tables and files

150204 19:04:06  innobackupex: Executing FLUSH NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG ENGINE LOGS...
150204 19:04:06  innobackupex: Waiting for log copying to finish

xtrabackup: The latest check point (for incremental): '1602919'
xtrabackup: Stopping log copying thread.
.>> log scanned up to (1602919)

xtrabackup: Creating suspend file '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/xtrabackup_log_copied' with pid '19349'
xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (1602919) to (1602919) was copied.
150204 19:04:07  innobackupex: All tables unlocked

innobackupex: Backup created in directory '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58'
150204 19:04:07  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed
150204 19:04:07  innobackupex: completed OK!
[root@server databak]# ls
2015-02-04_19-00-03  2015-02-04_19-03-58
[root@server databak]# ll
total 8
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Feb  4 19:00 2015-02-04_19-00-03
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Feb  4 19:04 2015-02-04_19-03-58
[root@server databak]# du -sh *
1.1G    2015-02-04_19-00-03
1.5M    2015-02-04_19-03-58

3. 模擬數據丟失

mysql> drop database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.14 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4. 將全備數據執行prepare

[root@server 2015-02-04_19-03-58]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/

InnoDB Backup Utility v1.5.1-xtrabackup; Copyright 2003, 2009 Innobase Oy
and Percona LLC and/or its affiliates 2009-2013.  All Rights Reserved.

This software is published under
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

150204 19:10:15  innobackupex: Starting the apply-log operation

IMPORTANT: Please check that the apply-log run completes successfully.
           At the end of a successful apply-log run innobackupex
           prints "completed OK!".


150204 19:10:15  innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup  --defaults-file="/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/backup-my.cnf"  --defaults-group="mysqld" --prepare --target-dir=/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03 --apply-log-only

xtrabackup version 2.2.8 based on MySQL server 5.6.22 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: )
xtrabackup: cd to /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03
xtrabackup: This target seems to be not prepared yet.
xtrabackup: xtrabackup_logfile detected: size=2097152, start_lsn=(1602080)
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 1
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 2097152
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 1
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 2097152
xtrabackup: Starting InnoDB instance for recovery.
xtrabackup: Using 104857600 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter)
InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 100.0M
InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
InnoDB: The log sequence numbers 1602070 and 1602070 in ibdata files do not match the log sequence number 1602080 in the ib_logfiles!
InnoDB: Database was not shutdown normally!
InnoDB: Starting crash recovery.
InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files...
InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages 
InnoDB: from the doublewrite buffer...

[notice (again)]
  If you use binary log and don't use any hack of group commit,
  the binary log position seems to be:

xtrabackup: starting shutdown with innodb_fast_shutdown = 1
InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1602080
150204 19:10:16  innobackupex: completed OK!

5. 將增量備份數據合併到全備中

[root@server 2015-02-04_19-03-58]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only --incremental /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/ --incremental-dir=/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/

InnoDB Backup Utility v1.5.1-xtrabackup; Copyright 2003, 2009 Innobase Oy
and Percona LLC and/or its affiliates 2009-2013.  All Rights Reserved.

This software is published under
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

150204 19:10:19  innobackupex: Starting the apply-log operation

IMPORTANT: Please check that the apply-log run completes successfully.
           At the end of a successful apply-log run innobackupex
           prints "completed OK!".


150204 19:10:19  innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup  --defaults-file="/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/backup-my.cnf"  --defaults-group="mysqld" --prepare --target-dir=/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03 --apply-log-only --incremental-dir=/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/

xtrabackup version 2.2.8 based on MySQL server 5.6.22 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: )
incremental backup from 1602080 is enabled.
xtrabackup: cd to /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03
xtrabackup: This target seems to be already prepared.
xtrabackup: xtrabackup_logfile detected: size=2097152, start_lsn=(1602919)
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 1
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 2097152
xtrabackup: Generating a list of tablespaces
xtrabackup: page size for /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58//ibdata1.delta is 16384 bytes
Applying /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58//ibdata1.delta to ./ibdata1...
xtrabackup: page size for /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58//test/students.ibd.delta is 16384 bytes
Applying /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58//test/students.ibd.delta to ./test/students.ibd...
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 1
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 2097152
xtrabackup: Starting InnoDB instance for recovery.
xtrabackup: Using 104857600 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter)
InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 100.0M
InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
InnoDB: The log sequence numbers 1602070 and 1602070 in ibdata files do not match the log sequence number 1602919 in the ib_logfiles!
InnoDB: Database was not shutdown normally!
InnoDB: Starting crash recovery.
InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files...
InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages 
InnoDB: from the doublewrite buffer...

[notice (again)]
  If you use binary log and don't use any hack of group commit,
  the binary log position seems to be:

xtrabackup: starting shutdown with innodb_fast_shutdown = 1
InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1602919
innobackupex: Starting to copy non-InnoDB files in '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/'
innobackupex: to the full backup directory '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03'
innobackupex: Copying '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/xtrabackup_info' to '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/xtrabackup_info'
innobackupex: Copying '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/performance_schema/db.opt' to '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/performance_schema/db.opt'
innobackupex: Copying '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/performance_schema/events_waits_summary_by_thread_by_event_name.frm' to '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/performance_schema/events_waits_summary_by_thread_by_event_name.frm'
innobackupex: Copying '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-03-58/performance_schema/file_summary_by_instance.frm' to '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/performance_schema/file_summary_by_instance.frm'
..........

150204 19:10:20  innobackupex: completed OK!

6. 中止mysqld服務，恢復數據

[root@server 2015-02-04_19-03-58]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL... [ OK ]
[root@server data]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf --copy-back /data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/

This software is published under
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.

150204 19:13:47 innobackupex: Starting the copy-back operation

IMPORTANT: Please check that the copy-back run completes successfully.
At the end of a successful copy-back run innobackupex
prints "completed OK!".

innobackupex: Starting to copy files in '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03'

.........

innobackupex: Starting to copy InnoDB system tablespace
innobackupex: in '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03'
innobackupex: back to original InnoDB data directory '/data/mysql/data'
innobackupex: Copying '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03/ibdata1' to '/data/mysql/data/ibdata1'

innobackupex: Starting to copy InnoDB undo tablespaces
innobackupex: in '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03'
innobackupex: back to '/data/mysql/data/'

innobackupex: Starting to copy InnoDB log files
innobackupex: in '/data/mysql/databak/2015-02-04_19-00-03'
innobackupex: back to original InnoDB log directory '/data/mysql/data/'
innobackupex: Finished copying back files.

150204 19:13:53 innobackupex: completed OK!

7. 對恢復的文件修改權限

[root@server data]# chown -R mysql:mysql *
[root@server data]# chown -R mysql:root mysql/

8. 啓動mysql服務

[root@server data]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...                                          [  OK  ]

done ^_^

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