爬取所有的校園新聞

做業要求來自：https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE1/homework/3002

0.重新聞url獲取點擊次數，並整理成函數

• newsUrl
• newsId(re.search())
• clickUrl(str.format())
• requests.get(clickUrl)
• re.search()/.split()
• str.lstrip(),str.rstrip()
• int
• 整理成函數
• 獲取新聞發佈時間及類型轉換也整理成函數

def click(url):
    newsId=re.search('/(\d*).html',url).group(1)
    clickUrl='http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(newsId)
    resClick=requests.get(clickUrl)
   newsClick=int(re.search("hits'[)].html[(]'(\d+)'[)]",resClick).groups(1))
    return newsClick

def newsdt(showinfo):
    newsDate=showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1]
    newsTime=showinfo.split()[1]
    newsDT=newsDate+' '+newsTime
   dt=datetime.strptime(newsDT,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
    return dt

 

1.重新聞url獲取新聞詳情： 字典,anews

def anews(url):
    newsDetail={} 
    res=requests.get(url)
    res.encoding='utf-8'
    s=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsDetail['newsTitle']=s.select('.show-title')[0].text 
    showinfo=s.select('.show-info')[0].text
    newsDetail['newsDT']=newsdt(showinfo) 
    newsDetail['newsClick']=click(url) 
    return newsDetail

　　

2.從列表頁的url獲取新聞url：列表append(字典) alist

def alist(url):
    res=requests.get(listUrl)
    res.encoding='utf-8'
    soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
    newsList=[]
    for news in soup.select('li'):
        if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:
            newsUrl=news.select('a')[0]['href']
            newsDest=news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
            newsDict=anews(newsUrl)
            newsDict['newsUrl'] = newsUrl l
            newsDict['description']=newsDest 
            newsList.append(newsDict)
    return newsList
listUrl= 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'
alist(listUrl)

　　

3.生成所頁列表頁的url並獲取所有新聞 ：列表extend(列表) allnews

*每一個同窗爬學號尾數開始的10個列表頁

allnews = []
for i in range(16,26):
    listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i)
    allnews.extend(alist(listUrl))  

　　

4.設置合理的爬取間隔

import time

import random

time.sleep(random.random()*3)

for i in range(5):
    time.sleep(random.random()*3)  

　　

5.用pandas作簡單的數據處理並保存

保存到csv或excel文件 

newsdf.to_csv(r'F:\duym\爬蟲\gzccnews.csv')

pd.Series(allnews)
newsdf=pd.DataFrame(allnews)
newsdf.to_csv=(r'C:\Users\Czc\PycharmProjects\news.csv')

　　

運行結果：

 

6.完整代碼：

 1 import requests
 2 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4 import re
 5 import pandas as pd
 6 import time
 7 import random
 8 
 9 def click(url):
10     newsId = re.search('/(\d*).html', url).group(1)
11     clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(newsId)
12     resClick = requests.get(clickUrl)
13     newsClick = int(resClick.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');"))
14     return newsClick
15 
16 def newsdt(showinfo):
17     newsDate = showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1]
18     newsTime = showinfo.split()[1]
19     newsDT = newsDate + ' ' + newsTime
20     dt = datetime.strptime(newsDT, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
21     return dt
22 
23 def anews(url):
24     newsDetail = {}
25     res = requests.get(url)
26     res.encoding = 'utf-8'
27     s = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')
28     newsDetail['newsTitle'] = s.select('.show-title')[0].text
29     showinfo = s.select('.show-info')[0].text
30     newsDetail['newsDT'] = newsdt(showinfo)
31     newsDetail['newsClick'] = click(url)
32     return newsDetail
33 
34 def alist(url):
35     res = requests.get(listUrl)
36     res.encoding = 'utf-8'
37     soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')
38     newsList = []
39     for news in soup.select('li'):
40         if len(news.select('.news-list-title')) > 0:
41             newsUrl = news.select('a')[0]['href']
42             newsDest = news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text
43             newsDict = anews(newsUrl)
44             newsDict['newsUrl'] = newsUrl
45             newsDict['description'] = newsDest
46             newsList.append(newsDict)
47     return newsList
48 
49 listUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'
50 alist(listUrl)
51 res = requests.get(listUrl)
52 res.encoding = 'utf-8'
53 soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')
54 for news in soup.select('li'):
55     if len(news.select('.news-list-title')) > 0:
56         newsUrl = news.select('a')[0]['href']
57 
58 
59 i = int(soup.select('#pages')[0].text.split('..')[1].rstrip(' 下一頁 '))
60 allnews = []
61 for i in range(16, 26):
62     listUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i)
63     allnews.extend(alist(listUrl))
64 
65 res = requests.get('http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/')
66 res.encoding = 'utf-8'
67 soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')
68 for news in soup.select('li'):
69     if len(news.select('.news-list-title')) > 0:
70         newsUrl = news.select('a')[0]['href']
71 
72 pd.Series(anews)
73 newsdf = pd.DataFrame(allnews)
74 newsdf.to_csv(r'C:\Users\Czc\PycharmProjects\news.csv')
75 
76 for i in range(5):
77     time.sleep(random.random() * 3)
78     print(newsdf)

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