Spring Boot開發之明月千城（一）

原文地址：http://qindongliang.iteye.com/blog/2205633

最近數據分析的項目也即將告一段落了，中間也積累了不少知識，特此記錄一下。其中用的最爽的Web組合開發就是Intellij IDEA + Maven + Spring Boot + Velocity + Boostrap + jQuery了，關於後端的數據分析和處理的Hadoop模塊，會放在Hadoop分類的博客文章中記錄。 

 


Spring Boot提供了一個強大的一鍵式Spring的集成開發環境，可以單獨進行一個Spring應用的開發，其中： 

（1）集中式配置（application.properties）+註解，大大簡化了開發流程 
（2）內嵌的Tomcat和Jetty容器，可直接打成jar包啓動，無需提供Java war包以及繁瑣的Web配置 
（3）提供了Spring各個插件的基於Maven的pom模板配置，開箱即用，便利無比。 
（4）能夠在任何你想自動化配置的地方，實現可能 
（5）提供更多的企業級開發特性，如何系統監控，健康診斷，權限控制 
（6） 無冗餘代碼生成和XML強制配置 
（7）提供支持強大的Restfult風格的編碼，很是簡潔 

固然Spring Boot提供的功能，遠遠比上面的強大，散仙會在後續文章中，逐漸以實際工做中的項目爲背景，穿插記錄使用Spring Boot的心得體會。 

下面看一個入門級的例子： 

pom依賴： 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.spring.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

核心代碼： 

package controller;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

/**
 * Created by 三劫散仙 on 2015/4/24.
 */
@Controller
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class HellowController {



    @RequestMapping("/hellow")
    @ResponseBody
    public String hellow(){

        return "哈嘍，Spring Boot ！";
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //第一個簡單的應用，
        SpringApplication.run(HellowController.class,args);

    }

}

控制檯輸出： 

D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\bin\java -Didea.launcher.port=7532 "-Didea.launcher.bin.path=D:\idea\ideainstall\IntelliJ IDEA 14.0.2\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\soft\Java\jdk1.7.0_04\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\idea\ideaworkspace\Springboot\target\classes;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-web\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-web-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-autoconfigure\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-logging\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-logging-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\jcl-over-slf4j\1.7.11\jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.11.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\slf4j-api\1.7.11\slf4j-api-1.7.11.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\jul-to-slf4j\1.7.11\jul-to-slf4j-1.7.11.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\log4j-over-slf4j\1.7.11\log4j-over-slf4j-1.7.11.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-classic\1.1.3\logback-classic-1.1.3.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-core\1.1.3\logback-core-1.1.3.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\yaml\snakeyaml\1.14\snakeyaml-1.14.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-tomcat\1.2.3.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-tomcat-1.2.3.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-core\8.0.20\tomcat-embed-core-8.0.20.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-el\8.0.20\tomcat-embed-el-8.0.20.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-logging-juli\8.0.20\tomcat-embed-logging-juli-8.0.20.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-websocket\8.0.20\tomcat-embed-websocket-8.0.20.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-databind\2.4.5\jackson-databind-2.4.5.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-annotations\2.4.5\jackson-annotations-2.4.5.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-core\2.4.5\jackson-core-2.4.5.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\hibernate\hibernate-validator\5.1.3.Final\hibernate-validator-5.1.3.Final.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\javax\validation\validation-api\1.1.0.Final\validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\jboss\logging\jboss-logging\3.1.3.GA\jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\classmate\1.0.0\classmate-1.0.0.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-core\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-web\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-aop\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\aopalliance\aopalliance\1.0\aopalliance-1.0.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-beans\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-context\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-context-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-webmvc\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\qin\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-expression\4.1.6.RELEASE\spring-expression-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar;D:\idea\ideainstall\IntelliJ IDEA 14.0.2\lib\idea_rt.jar" com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain controller.HellowController

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.2.3.RELEASE)

2015-04-24 01:12:41.399  INFO 4428 --- [           main] controller.HellowController              : Starting HellowController on qin-PC with PID 4428 (D:\idea\ideaworkspace\Springboot\target\classes started by qin in D:\idea\ideaworkspace\Springboot)
2015-04-24 01:12:41.458  INFO 4428 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@2923a47c: startup date [Fri Apr 24 01:12:41 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
2015-04-24 01:12:42.393  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory     : Overriding bean definition for bean 'beanNameViewResolver': replacing [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration.class]] with [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.class]]
2015-04-24 01:12:44.399  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2015-04-24 01:12:44.959  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2015-04-24 01:12:44.973  INFO 4428 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.0.20
2015-04-24 01:12:45.332  INFO 4428 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2015-04-24 01:12:45.332  INFO 4428 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 3880 ms
2015-04-24 01:12:46.274  INFO 4428 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.e.ServletRegistrationBean        : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.295  INFO 4428 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.296  INFO 4428 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean  : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.481  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@2923a47c: startup date [Fri Apr 24 01:12:41 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
2015-04-24 01:12:46.542  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/hellow],methods=[],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public java.lang.String controller.HellowController.hellow()
2015-04-24 01:12:46.544  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],methods=[],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2015-04-24 01:12:46.545  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],methods=[],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[text/html],custom=[]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
2015-04-24 01:12:46.595  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.596  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.639  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2015-04-24 01:12:46.708  INFO 4428 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2015-04-24 01:12:46.829  INFO 4428 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
2015-04-24 01:12:46.830  INFO 4428 --- [           main] controller.HellowController              : Started HellowController in 5.978 seconds (JVM running for 6.739)
2015-04-24 01:13:29.470  INFO 4428 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2015-04-24 01:13:29.470  INFO 4428 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2015-04-24 01:13:29.486  INFO 4428 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 16 ms

默認的內嵌容器，爲tomcat，固然這個咱們能夠隨便指定，包括端口號，http訪問： 





ok，至此，咱們一個簡單的http應用就開發完畢了，給人的感受就是簡直比用Python的Django和PHP還輕，並且仍是咱們十分熟悉的JAVA開發，因此與不少其餘的JAVA開源項目相結合很是容易，好比Apache Lucene，Solr，Hadoop，Spark，ElasticSearch等，支持不少好處，不言而喻！