不少時候咱們有這樣的需求,數據庫的字段名與實體類的屬性名不一致,這個時候咱們須要怎麼作呢?有兩種解決方案,第一種:直接在查詢的時候使用別名,將別名設置成與實體類的屬性名一致。第二種:使用resultType,本身定義映射關係。
整個項目的目錄以下:
首先,咱們須要搭建數據庫mysql環境(test.sql),id咱們寫成了sid,name咱們寫成了sname,age咱們寫成了sage:java
#建立數據庫 CREATE DATABASE `test` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; #建立數據表 CREATE TABLE `student` ( `sid` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `sname` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL , `sage` INT NOT NULL , `score` DOUBLE NOT NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`sid`)) ENGINE = MyISAM;
Student.class實體類:mysql
public class Student { private Integer id; private String name; private int age; private double score; public Student(){ } public Student(String name, int age, double score) { super(); this.name = name; this.age = age; this.score = score; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public double getScore() { return score; } public void setScore(double score) { this.score = score; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", score=" + score + "]"; } }
pom.xml:sql
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.test</groupId> <artifactId>test</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <!-- mybatis核心包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.3.0</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql驅動包 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.21</version> </dependency> <!-- junit測試包 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 日誌文件管理包 --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.7.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.7.12</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
主配置文件mybatis.xml:數據庫
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!-- 配置數據庫文件 --> <properties resource="jdbc_mysql.properties"> </properties> <!-- 別名,對數據對象操做全名太長,須要使用別名 --> <typeAliases> <!--<typeAlias type="bean.Student" alias="Student"/>--> <!--直接使用類名便可,對於整個包的路徑配置(別名),簡單快捷 --> <package name="bean"/> </typeAliases> <!-- 配置運行環境 --> <!-- default 表示默認使用哪個環境,能夠配置多個,好比開發時的測試環境,上線後的正式環境等 --> <environments default="mysqlEM"> <environment id="mysqlEM"> <transactionManager type="JDBC"> </transactionManager> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <!-- 註冊映射文件 --> <mappers> <mapper resource="mapper/mapper.xml"/> </mappers> </configuration>
數據庫配置文件(jdbc_mysql.properties):apache
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC jdbc.user=root jdbc.password=123456
日誌配置文件 log4j.prperties:api
log4j.prpp log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[service] %d - %c -%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement = debug log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement = debug log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet =debug
使用到的工具類(MyBatisUtils.java):mybatis
public class MyBatisUtils { static private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory; static public SqlSession getSqlSession() { InputStream is; try { is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml"); if (sqlSessionFactory == null) { sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is); } return sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } }
接口定義(IStudentDao.java):app
public interface IStudentDao { // 返回全部學生的信息List public List<Student> selectAllStudents(); // 根據id查找學生 public Student selectStudentById(int id); }
接口實現類(StudentDaoImpl.class):maven
public class StudentDaoImpl implements IStudentDao { private SqlSession sqlSession; public List<Student> selectAllStudents() { List<Student> students ; try { sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession(); students = sqlSession.selectList("selectAllStudents"); //查詢不用修改,因此不用提交事務 } finally { if (sqlSession != null) { sqlSession.close(); } } return students; } public Student selectStudentById(int id) { Student student=null; try { sqlSession=MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession(); student=sqlSession.selectOne("selectStudentById",id); sqlSession.commit(); } finally{ if(sqlSession!=null){ sqlSession.close(); } } return student; } }
最主要的mapper文件:
能夠直接使用別名:ide
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="abc"> <select id="selectAllStudents" resultType="Student"> select sid as id,sname as name,sage as age,score from student </select> <select id="selectStudentById" resultType="Student"> select sid as id,sname as name,sage as age,score from student where sid=${value} </select> </mapper>
或者能夠本身定義映射:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="abc"> <resultMap id="StudentMapper" type="Student"> <id column="sid" property="id"/> <result column="sname" property="name"/> <result column="sage" property="age"/> </resultMap> <select id="selectAllStudents" resultMap="StudentMapper"> select sid as id,sname as name,sage as age,score from student </select> <select id="selectStudentById" resultMap="StudentMapper"> select sid as id,sname as name,sage as age,score from student where sid=${value} </select> </mapper>
須要注意的點:
有一個id屬性,這個是在其餘地方使用的時候的id - Type - 實體類,能夠寫別名,要不就要寫帶全路徑的類名
- id - 標籤是爲了標記出做爲 ID 的結果能夠幫助提升總體性能
- result – 注入到字段或 JavaBean 屬性的普通結果
- association – 一個複雜類型的關聯;許多結果將包裝成這種類型嵌套結果映射 – 關聯能夠指定爲一個 resultMap 元素,或者引用一個
- collection – 一個複雜類型的集合
嵌套結果映射 – 集合能夠指定爲一個 resultMap 元素,或者引用一個- discriminator – 使用結果值來決定使用哪一個 resultMap
case – 基於某些值的結果映射
嵌套結果映射 – 一個 case 也是一個映射它自己的結果,所以能夠包含不少相 同的元素,或者它能夠參照一個外部的 resultMap。
若是對象名與屬性名一致,咱們能夠不把它寫入
測試類MyTest.class:
public class MyTest { private IStudentDao dao; @Before public void Before(){ dao=new StudentDaoImpl(); } /* * 查詢列表 * */ @Test public void testselectList(){ List<Student> students=dao.selectAllStudents(); if(students.size()>0){ for(Student student:students){ System.out.println(student); } } } /* * 經過id來查詢student * */ @Test public void testselectStudentById(){ Student student=dao.selectStudentById(1); System.out.println(student); } }
【做者簡介】:
秦懷,公衆號【秦懷雜貨店】做者,技術之路不在一時,山高水長,縱使緩慢,馳而不息。這個世界但願一切都很快,更快,可是我但願本身能走好每一步,寫好每一篇文章,期待和大家一塊兒交流。
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