XFS提供了 xfsdump 和 xfsrestore 工具協助備份XFS文件系統中的數據。xfsdump 按inode順序備份一個XFS文件系統。node
centos7選擇xfs格式做爲默認文件系統,並且再也不使用之前的ext,仍然支持ext4,xfs專爲大數據產生,每一個單個文件系統最大能夠支持8eb,單個文件能夠支持16tb,不只數據量大,並且擴展性高。還能夠經過xfsdump,xfsrestore來備份和恢復。linux
與傳統的UNIX文件系統不一樣,XFS不須要在備份前被卸載;對使用中的XFS文件系統作備份就能夠保證鏡像的一致性。XFS的備份和恢復的過程是能夠被中斷而後繼續的,無須凍結文件系統。xfsdump 甚至提供了高性能的多線程備份操做——它把一次dump拆分紅多個數據流,每一個數據流能夠被髮往不一樣的目的地centos
首先了解一下xfsdump的備份級別有如下兩種,默認爲0(即徹底備份)服務器
擴展:session
系統CENTOS8 添加一塊虛擬硬盤(準備一個測試分區)
正常使用一塊磁盤過程以下:
添加磁盤大小:2G ->分區->格式化->掛載多線程
Last login: Tue Oct 20 04:13:20 2020 from 10.0.0.1 [root@C8-3 ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0xbfcdb101 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 2097152 1G 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 39843840 19G 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 2 GiB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[root@C8-3 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb #使用fdisk命令分區 Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Device does not contain a recognized partition table. Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x467c42d4. Command (m for help): m #查看有哪些命令能夠用 Help: DOS (MBR) a toggle a bootable flag b edit nested BSD disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag Generic d delete a partition F list free unpartitioned space l list known partition types n add a new partition p print the partition table t change a partition type v verify the partition table i print information about a partition Misc m print this menu u change display/entry units x extra functionality (experts only) Script I load disk layout from sfdisk script file O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file Save & Exit w write table to disk and exit q quit without saving changes Create a new label g create a new empty GPT partition table G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table o create a new empty DOS partition table s create a new empty Sun partition table Command (m for help): n #選擇新建一個分區 Partition type p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended (container for logical partitions) Select (default p): p #建立主分區 Partition number (1-4, default 1): #直接回車默認值 First sector (2048-4194303, default 2048): #起始扇區,回車默認 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-4194303, default 4194303): #結束扇區,回車默認分配所有空間 Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 2 GiB. Command (m for help): w #將以上操做寫入硬盤分區表,結束分區 The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@C8-3 ~]# lsblk #查看分區是否成功 NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part ├─cl-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm / └─cl-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] sdb 8:16 0 2G 0 disk └─sdb1 8:17 0 2G 0 part #分區成功但未掛載
[root@C8-3 ~]# type mkfs.xfs #查看是否有此工具 mkfs.xfs is /usr/sbin/mkfs.xfs [root@C8-3 ~]# mkfs.xfs --help #查看命令的幫助 mkfs.xfs: invalid option -- '-' unknown option -- Usage: mkfs.xfs /* blocksize */ [-b size=num] /* metadata */ [-m crc=0|1,finobt=0|1,uuid=xxx,rmapbt=0|1,reflink=0|1] /* data subvol */ [-d agcount=n,agsize=n,file,name=xxx,size=num, (sunit=value,swidth=value|su=num,sw=num|noalign), sectsize=num /* force overwrite */ [-f] /* inode size */ [-i log=n|perblock=n|size=num,maxpct=n,attr=0|1|2, projid32bit=0|1,sparse=0|1] /* no discard */ [-K] /* log subvol */ [-l agnum=n,internal,size=num,logdev=xxx,version=n sunit=value|su=num,sectsize=num,lazy-count=0|1] /* label */ [-L label (maximum 12 characters)] /* naming */ [-n size=num,version=2|ci,ftype=0|1] /* no-op info only */ [-N] /* prototype file */ [-p fname] /* quiet */ [-q] /* realtime subvol */ [-r extsize=num,size=num,rtdev=xxx] /* sectorsize */ [-s size=num] /* version */ [-V] devicename <devicename> is required unless -d name=xxx is given. <num> is xxx (bytes), xxxs (sectors), xxxb (fs blocks), xxxk (xxx KiB), xxxm (xxx MiB), xxxg (xxx GiB), xxxt (xxx TiB) or xxxp (xxx PiB). <value> is xxx (512 byte blocks). [root@C8-3 ~]# mkfs.xfs -V #查看命令版本 mkfs.xfs version 5.0.0 [root@C8-3 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 #格式化新分區 meta-data=/dev/sdb1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=131008 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0 = reflink=1 data = bsize=4096 blocks=524032, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1 log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@C8-3 ~]# lsblk -f NAME FSTYPE LABEL UUID MOUNTPOINT sda ├─sda1 ext4 8df39f81-d4b1-4881-9bb4-51f8f6ee964a /boot └─sda2 LVM2_member mQQNpB-AMy6-Ad3M-3RNh-NeRf-8tf9-OmosY7 ├─cl-root xfs 8dbc40ac-24cf-45c9-8c53-d07ac9cee558 / └─cl-swap swap ffc54438-efdc-45d7-a244-b9e9bfef4930 [SWAP] sdb └─sdb1 xfs d549d0dd-23a2-4223-abe5-96055a8f737a
[root@C8-3 ~]# mkdir /xfsTest [root@C8-3 ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /xfsTest/ [root@C8-3 ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part ├─cl-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm / └─cl-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP] sdb 8:16 0 2G 0 disk └─sdb1 8:17 0 2G 0 part /xfsTest
[root@C8-3 ~]# rm -rf /xfsTest/* [root@C8-3 ~]# ls /xfsTest/ [root@C8-3 ~]# cp /etc/passwd /xfsTest/ [root@C8-3 ~]# touch /xfsTest/file{1..3}{a..b}.txt [root@C8-3 ~]# mkdir -p /xfsTest/m{1..3}/n{a..b} [root@C8-3 ~]# tree /xfsTest/ /xfsTest/ ├── file1a.txt ├── file1b.txt ├── file2a.txt ├── file2b.txt ├── file3a.txt ├── file3b.txt ├── m1 │ ├── na │ └── nb ├── m2 │ ├── na │ └── nb ├── m3 │ ├── na │ └── nb └── passwd 9 directories, 7 files
先查看xfsdump幫助less
[root@C8-3 ~]# type xfsdump xfsdump is /usr/sbin/xfsdump [root@C8-3 ~]# xfsdump --help xfsdump: version 3.1.8 (dump format 3.0) xfsdump: usage: xfsdump [ -a (dump DMF dualstate files as offline) ] ……
[ -f <destination> ... ]
xfsdump -f 備份存放位置 要備份路徑或設備文件
注意:備份的路徑這裏不能寫成/xfsTest/。 能夠是/dev/sdb1 或/xfsTestide
[root@C8-3 ~]# xfsdump -f /opt/dump_sdb1 /dev/sdb1 xfsdump: using file dump (drive_simple) strategy xfsdump: version 3.1.8 (dump format 3.0) - type ^C for status and control ============================= dump label dialog ============================== please enter label for this dump session (timeout in 300 sec) -> dump_sdb1 #提示輸入,指定備份會話標籤 session label entered: "dump_sdb1" --------------------------------- end dialog --------------------------------- xfsdump: level 0 dump of C8-3:/xfsTest xfsdump: dump date: Tue Oct 20 08:09:38 2020 xfsdump: session id: 3fdced05-235f-4926-9409-7c7e4081da84 xfsdump: session label: "dump_sdb1" xfsdump: ino map phase 1: constructing initial dump list xfsdump: ino map phase 2: skipping (no pruning necessary) xfsdump: ino map phase 3: skipping (only one dump stream) xfsdump: ino map construction complete xfsdump: estimated dump size: 30016 bytes ============================= media label dialog ============================= please enter label for media in drive 0 (timeout in 300 sec) -> sdb1 #提示輸入,指定設備標籤,就是對要備份的設備作一個描述 media label entered: "sdb1" --------------------------------- end dialog --------------------------------- xfsdump: creating dump session media file 0 (media 0, file 0) xfsdump: dumping ino map xfsdump: dumping directories xfsdump: dumping non-directory files xfsdump: ending media file xfsdump: media file size 32936 bytes xfsdump: dump size (non-dir files) : 1568 bytes xfsdump: dump complete: 70 seconds elapsed xfsdump: Dump Summary: xfsdump: stream 0 /opt/dump_sdb1 OK (success) xfsdump: Dump Status: SUCCESS
若是分區很大,數據不少,可能等的時間會好久,纔會跳出提示輸入的界面,這樣不靠譜又沒什麼太大意義的提示會中斷好久。
免交互纔是真的自動化。
指定備份時免交互操做,方便後期作定時備份工具
[root@C8-3 ~]# time xfsdump -f /opt/dump_sdb1_3 /dev/sdb1 -L dump_1_3 -M 1_3 xfsdump: using file dump (drive_simple) strategy xfsdump: version 3.1.8 (dump format 3.0) - type ^C for status and control xfsdump: level 0 dump of C8-3:/xfsTest xfsdump: dump date: Tue Oct 20 08:21:12 2020 xfsdump: session id: 5308f2ab-6d0e-476f-9160-a72a37e56ca9 xfsdump: session label: "dump_1_3" xfsdump: ino map phase 1: constructing initial dump list xfsdump: ino map phase 2: skipping (no pruning necessary) xfsdump: ino map phase 3: skipping (only one dump stream) xfsdump: ino map construction complete xfsdump: estimated dump size: 30016 bytes xfsdump: creating dump session media file 0 (media 0, file 0) xfsdump: dumping ino map xfsdump: dumping directories xfsdump: dumping non-directory files xfsdump: ending media file xfsdump: media file size 32936 bytes xfsdump: dump size (non-dir files) : 1568 bytes xfsdump: dump complete: 10 seconds elapsed xfsdump: Dump Summary: xfsdump: stream 0 /opt/dump_sdb1_3 OK (success) xfsdump: Dump Status: SUCCESS real 0m10.058s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.004s
-L :xfsdump 記錄每次備份的 session 標頭,這裏能夠填寫針對此文件系統的簡易說明
-M :xfsdump 能夠記錄儲存媒體的標頭,這裏能夠填寫此媒體的簡易說明post
參數:-s 文件路徑 只對指定的文件進行備份,-s指定時,路徑寫的是相對文件系統根的路徑(-s能夠是文件或目錄)
要對/xfsTest下的m2/nb這個目錄(完整路徑是/xfsTest/m2/nb 直接寫這個不行)進行備份,使用-s 參數
[root@C8-3 ~]# xfsdump -f /opt/dump_m2nb -s m2/nb /xfsTest -L dump_m2nb -M m2nb xfsdump: using file dump (drive_simple) strategy xfsdump: version 3.1.8 (dump format 3.0) - type ^C for status and control xfsdump: level 0 dump of C8-3:/xfsTest xfsdump: dump date: Tue Oct 20 10:04:58 2020 xfsdump: session id: 4cd18dc2-9a10-4538-b93c-3d4169c13eae xfsdump: session label: "dump_m2nb" xfsdump: ino map phase 1: constructing initial dump list xfsdump: ino map phase 2: skipping (no pruning necessary) xfsdump: ino map phase 3: skipping (only one dump stream) xfsdump: ino map construction complete xfsdump: estimated dump size: 21440 bytes xfsdump: creating dump session media file 0 (media 0, file 0) xfsdump: dumping ino map xfsdump: dumping directories xfsdump: dumping non-directory files xfsdump: ending media file xfsdump: media file size 22592 bytes xfsdump: dump size (non-dir files) : 0 bytes xfsdump: dump complete: 10 seconds elapsed xfsdump: Dump Summary: xfsdump: stream 0 /opt/dump_m2nb OK (success) xfsdump: Dump Status: SUCCESS
[root@C8-3 xfsTest]# xfsdump -I file system 0: fs id: d549d0dd-23a2-4223-abe5-96055a8f737a session 0: mount point: C8-3:/xfsTest device: C8-3:/dev/sdb1 time: Tue Oct 20 08:09:38 2020 session label: "dump_sdb1" session id: 3fdced05-235f-4926-9409-7c7e4081da84 level: 0 resumed: NO subtree: NO streams: 1 stream 0: pathname: /opt/dump_sdb1 start: ino 131 offset 0 end: ino 138 offset 0 interrupted: NO media files: 1 media file 0: mfile index: 0 mfile type: data mfile size: 32936 mfile start: ino 131 offset 0 mfile end: ino 138 offset 0 media label: "sdb1" media id: 77e98c40-d588-4562-b801-6ba7dd2425bf session 1: mount point: C8-3:/xfsTest device: C8-3:/dev/sdb1 time: Tue Oct 20 08:17:18 2020 session label: "dump_passwd" session id: e9970178-7a24-4c9d-b9c0-7e13f8d43c48 level: 0 resumed: NO subtree: NO streams: 1 stream 0: pathname: /opt/dump_sdb1 start: ino 0 offset 0 end: ino 0 offset 0 interrupted: YES media files: 0 session 2: mount point: C8-3:/xfsTest device: C8-3:/dev/sdb1 time: Tue Oct 20 08:19:23 2020 session label: "dump_12" session id: 391b7c46-47f6-4760-b454-c7835045db09 level: 0 resumed: NO subtree: NO streams: 1 stream 0: pathname: /opt/dump_sdb1 start: ino 0 offset 0 end: ino 0 offset 0 interrupted: YES media files: 0 session 3: mount point: C8-3:/xfsTest device: C8-3:/dev/sdb1 time: Tue Oct 20 08:20:12 2020 session label: "dump_12" session id: d6613e91-8c68-4f40-b68b-e836fdf35568 level: 0 resumed: NO subtree: NO streams: 1 stream 0: pathname: /opt/dump_sdb1_1 start: ino 131 offset 0 end: ino 138 offset 0 interrupted: NO media files: 1 media file 0: mfile index: 0 mfile type: data mfile size: 32936 mfile start: ino 131 offset 0 mfile end: ino 138 offset 0 media label: "12" media id: f85b0aff-d362-429c-9804-0ca1071f812f session 4: mount point: C8-3:/xfsTest device: C8-3:/dev/sdb1 time: Tue Oct 20 08:21:12 2020 session label: "dump_1_3" session id: 5308f2ab-6d0e-476f-9160-a72a37e56ca9 level: 0 resumed: NO subtree: NO streams: 1 stream 0: pathname: /opt/dump_sdb1_3 start: ino 131 offset 0 end: ino 138 offset 0 interrupted: NO media files: 1 media file 0: mfile index: 0 mfile type: data mfile size: 32936 mfile start: ino 131 offset 0 mfile end: ino 138 offset 0 media label: "1_3" media id: 78304c29-4353-4edc-a3cb-63454d898918 xfsdump: Dump Status: SUCCESS
[root@C8-3 xfsTest]# cd [root@C8-3 ~]# rm -rf /xfsTest/* [root@C8-3 ~]# ls -a /xfsTest/ . ..
語法:xfsrestore -f 指定恢復文件的位置 指定存放恢復後的文件的路徑
[root@C8-3 ~]# mkdir /xfsTest-re #在其餘分區建立恢復文件夾 [root@C8-3 ~]# xfsrestore -f /opt/dump_sdb1 /xfsTest-re xfsrestore: using file dump (drive_simple) strategy xfsrestore: version 3.1.8 (dump format 3.0) - type ^C for status and control xfsrestore: searching media for dump xfsrestore: examining media file 0 xfsrestore: dump description: xfsrestore: hostname: C8-3 xfsrestore: mount point: /xfsTest xfsrestore: volume: /dev/sdb1 xfsrestore: session time: Tue Oct 20 08:09:38 2020 xfsrestore: level: 0 xfsrestore: session label: "dump_sdb1" xfsrestore: media label: "sdb1" xfsrestore: file system id: d549d0dd-23a2-4223-abe5-96055a8f737a xfsrestore: session id: 3fdced05-235f-4926-9409-7c7e4081da84 xfsrestore: media id: 77e98c40-d588-4562-b801-6ba7dd2425bf xfsrestore: using online session inventory xfsrestore: searching media for directory dump xfsrestore: reading directories xfsrestore: 10 directories and 16 entries processed xfsrestore: directory post-processing xfsrestore: restoring non-directory files xfsrestore: restore complete: 0 seconds elapsed xfsrestore: Restore Summary: xfsrestore: stream 0 /opt/dump_sdb1 OK (success) xfsrestore: Restore Status: SUCCESS [root@C8-3 ~]# ll /xfsTest-re/ #查看恢復的文件 total 4 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 20 07:58 file1a.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 20 07:58 file1b.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 20 07:58 file2a.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 20 07:58 file2b.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 20 07:58 file3a.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 20 07:58 file3b.txt drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 26 Oct 20 07:59 m1 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 26 Oct 20 07:59 m2 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 26 Oct 20 07:59 m3 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1469 Oct 20 07:58 passwd [root@C8-3 ~]# tree /xfsTest #對比源目錄啥也沒有了 /xfsTest 0 directories, 0 files [root@C8-3 ~]# tree /xfsTest-re/ #在恢復的目錄中重建了目錄結構 /xfsTest-re/ ├── file1a.txt ├── file1b.txt ├── file2a.txt ├── file2b.txt ├── file3a.txt ├── file3b.txt ├── m1 │ ├── na │ └── nb ├── m2 │ ├── na │ └── nb ├── m3 │ ├── na │ └── nb └── passwd 9 directories, 7 files
使用 xfsdump 時,請注意下面下面的幾個限制:
增量備份是指在一次全備份或上一次增量備份後,之後每次的備份只需備份與前一次相比增長或者被修改的文件。這就意味着,第一次增量備份的對象是進行全備後所產生的增長和修改的文件;第二次增量備份的對象是進行第一次增量備份後所產生的增長和修改的文件,以此類推。
[root@C8-3 ~]# tree /xfsTest /xfsTest ├── m1 │ ├── na │ └── nb ├── m2 │ ├── na │ └── nb ├── m3 │ ├── na │ └── nb └── passwd
[root@C8-3 ~]# xfsdump -f /opt/xFull /xfsTest -L xF1 -M x1 xfsdump: using file dump (drive_simple) strategy xfsdump: version 3.1.8 (dump format 3.0) - type ^C for status and control xfsdump: level 0 dump of C8-3:/xfsTest xfsdump: dump date: Tue Oct 20 10:43:59 2020 xfsdump: session id: 4bc4262b-afa1-493f-8b21-33428325961d xfsdump: session label: "xF1" xfsdump: ino map phase 1: constructing initial dump list xfsdump: ino map phase 2: skipping (no pruning necessary) xfsdump: ino map phase 3: skipping (only one dump stream) xfsdump: ino map construction complete xfsdump: estimated dump size: 28096 bytes xfsdump: creating dump session media file 0 (media 0, file 0) xfsdump: dumping ino map xfsdump: dumping directories xfsdump: dumping non-directory files xfsdump: ending media file xfsdump: media file size 29000 bytes xfsdump: dump size (non-dir files) : 1568 bytes xfsdump: dump complete: 10 seconds elapsed xfsdump: Dump Summary: xfsdump: stream 0 /opt/xFull OK (success) xfsdump: Dump Status: SUCCESS
[root@C8-3 ~]# echo hellow >> /xfsTest/passwd [root@C8-3 ~]# touch /xfsTest/nb3.txt
[root@C8-3 ~]# rm -rf /xfsTest/m2 [root@C8-3 ~]# ls /xfsTest m1 m3 nb3.txt passwd [root@C8-3 ~]# ll /xfsTest total 4 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 26 Oct 20 07:59 m1 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 26 Oct 20 07:59 m3 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 20 10:47 nb3.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1476 Oct 20 10:46 passwd
[root@C8-3 ~]# xfsdump -l 1 -f /opt/xBL1 /xfsTest -L xBL1 -M xB1
添加點東西、再刪點東西
[root@C8-3 ~]# mkdir /xfsTest/xBl2 [root@C8-3 ~]# rm -rf /xfsTest/m3
而後接茬進行一次2級增量備份
[root@C8-3 ~]# xfsdump -l 2 -f /opt/xBL2 /xfsTest -L xBL2 -M xB2
[root@C8-3 ~]# rm -rf /xfsTest/* [root@C8-3 ~]# ll /xfsTest total 0
如今進行恢復,要想恢復所有所有數據,包括新添加的文件,如何恢復?
步驟:
一、先恢復徹底備份
二、狀況1: 恢復最後一次增量備份(若是兩次增量備份都是1級的,因此只須要恢復最後一個增量就能夠了。
三、狀況2:若是你作的是第一次是1級備,第二次是2級備,那麼你在恢復的時候就須要先恢復徹底備份,而後是1級備,最後是2級備)
[root@C8-3 ~]# xfsrestore -f /opt/xBL2 /xfsTest [root@C8-3 ~]# tree /xfsTest /xfsTest └── xBl2
發現只恢復了最後一次創建的文件夾
[root@C8-3 ~]# rm -rf /xfsTest/* [root@C8-3 ~]# ll /xfsTest total 0 [root@C8-3 ~]# xfsrestore -f /opt/xBL1 /xfsTest [root@C8-3 ~]# tree /xfsTest /xfsTest ├── nb3.txt └── passwd
發現只恢復了第一次增量備份前添加和修改的文件、文件夾
[root@C8-3 ~]# xfsrestore -f /opt/xFull /xfsTest [root@C8-3 ~]# tree /xfsTest /xfsTest ├── m1 │ ├── na │ └── nb ├── m2 │ ├── na │ └── nb ├── m3 │ ├── na │ └── nb └── passwd 9 directories, 1 file [root@C8-3 ~]# ll /xfsTest total 4 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 26 Oct 20 07:59 m1 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 26 Oct 20 07:59 m2 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 26 Oct 20 07:59 m3 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1469 Oct 20 07:58 passwd
這時候就恢復到了第一次增量備份以前的狀態
若是要恢復到最後刪除全部文件時候的狀態,就須要按順序依次恢復增量一和增量二的備分內容。
到此,數據恢復成功了。